@article{ReineckeJuergensmeyerEngelbertzetal.2018,
  author    = {Reinecke, Holger and J{\"u}rgensmeyer, Sabine and Engelbertz, Christiane and Gerss, Joachim and Kirchhof, Paulus and Breithardt, G{\"u}nter and Bauersachs, Rupert and Wanner, Christoph},
  title     = {Design and rationale of a randomised controlled trial comparing apixaban to phenprocoumon in patients with atrial fibrillation on chronic haemodialysis: the AXADIA-AFNET 8 study},
  series = {BMJ open},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {BMJ open},
  number    = {9},
  doi       = {10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022690},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-225156},
  pages     = {e022690, 1-10},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Introduction Patients with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance haemodialysis treatment experience a dramatic cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Due to the high atherosclerotic and arteriosclerotic burden and profound alterations in haemostasis, they frequently suffer and die from both thromboembolic and bleeding events. This is a particular concern in patients on haemodialysis with atrial fibrillation (AF). Controlled trials on the optimal anticoagulation in patients with AF on haemodialysis are not available. The randomised controlled phase IIIb AXADIA-AFNET 8 trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of the factor Xa inhibitor apixaban in patients with AF requiring haemodialysis. Methods and analysis A total of 222 patients will be randomised in an open-labelled, 1:1 design to receive either apixaban 2.5mg twice daily or dose-adjusted vitamin K antagonist therapy (target international normalised ratio 2.0-3.0). All patients will be treated and followed up for a minimum of 6 months up to a maximum of 24 months. The primary outcome is major or clinically relevant, non-major bleedings or death of any cause. Secondary outcomes include stroke, cardiovascular death and other thromboembolic events, thus exploring the efficacy of apixaban. The first patient was randomised in June 2017. Ethics and dissemination The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Landesaertzekammer, Westfalen-Lippe and the Medical Faculty of the University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (reference number: 2016-598f-A). Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients prior to study participation, including their consent for long-term follow-up. AXADIA-AFNET 8 is an investigator-initiated trial. Sponsor is AFNET, Muenster, Germany. Study findings will be disseminated to Bristol-Myers Squibb, Munich, Germany, and Pfizer, Berlin, Germany, to the participating centres, at research conferences and in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration numbers NCT02933697, Pre-results.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PruggerHeidrichWellmannetal.2012,
  author    = {Prugger, Christof and Heidrich, Jan and Wellmann, J{\"u}rgen and Dittrich, Ralf and Brand, Stefan-Martin and Telgmann, Ralph and Breithardt, G{\"u}nter and Reinecke, Holger and Scheld, Hans and Kleine-Katth{\"o}fer, Peter and Heuschmann, Peter U. and Keil, Ulrich},
  title     = {Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease : Results From the EUROASPIRE I, II, and III Surveys in the M{\"u}nster Region},
  series = {Deutsches {\"A}rzteblatt International},
  volume    = {109},
  journal   = {Deutsches {\"A}rzteblatt International},
  number    = {17},
  doi       = {10.3238/arztebl.2012.0303},
  pages     = {303-U21},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Background: Target values for cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are stated in guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. We studied secular trends in risk factors over a 12-year period among CHD patients in the region of Munster, Germany. Methods: The cross-sectional EUROASPIRE I, II and III surveys were performed in multiple centers across Europe. For all three, the Munster region was the participating German region. In the three periods 1995/96, 1999/2000, and 2006/07, the surveys included (respectively) 392, 402 and 457 <= 70-year-old patients with CHD in Munster who had sustained a coronary event at least 6 months earlier. Results: The prevalence of smoking remained unchanged, with 16.8\% in EUROASPIRE I and II and 18.4\% in EUROASPIRE III (p=0.898). On the other hand, high blood pressure and high cholesterol both became less common across the three EUROASPIRE studies (60.7\% to 69.4\% to 55.3\%, and 94.3\% to 83.4\% to 48.1\%, respectively; p<0.001 for both). Obesity became more common (23.0\% to 30.6\% to 43.1\%, p<0.001), as did treatment with antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs (80.4\% to 88.6\% to 94.3\%, and 35.0\% to 67.4\% to 87.0\%, respectively; p<0.001 for both). Conclusion: The observed trends in cardiovascular risk factors under-score the vital need for better preventive strategies in patients with CHD.},
  language  = {en}
}