@article{ZhangBeckerZhangetal.1994, author = {Zhang, X. F. and Becker, Charles R. and Zhang, H. and He, L. and Landwehr, G.}, title = {Investigation of a short period (001) HgTe-Hg\(_{0.6}\)Cd\(_{0.4}\)Te superlattice by transmission electron microscopy}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-38029}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, language = {en} } @article{YongJacobowitzBaroneetal.1994, author = {Yong, Liu and Jacobowitz, David M. and Barone, Frank and McCarron, Richard and Spatz, Maria and Feuerstein, Giora and Hallenbeck, John M. and Sir{\´e}n, Anna-Leena}, title = {Quantitation of perivascular monocyte / macrophages around cerebral blood vessels of hypertensive and aged rats}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86800}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The numbers of monocytes and macrophages in the walls of cerebral blood vessels were counted on perfusion-fixed frozen brain sections (16 JLffi) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone SHR (SHR-SP), normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and young (16-week-old) and old (2-year-old) normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats (SD-l6w and SD-2y, respectively) using monoclonal antiborlies against rat macrophages (ED2). The staining was visualized with fluoresceinlabeled second antiborlies. The ED2-specific staining in brain sections was restricted to macrophages in a perivascular location. The number of perivascular cells per square millimeter of high-power field was significantly greater in SHR-SP (8.6 ± 2.1; n = 4) and SHR (6. 7 ± 0.9; n = 6) than in normotensive WKY (4.0 ± 0.5; n = 6; p <0.01). The number of perivascular macrophages was also greater in SD-2y (7.5 ± 2.7; n = 9) than in SD-l6w (2.9 ± 1.8; n = 8; p < 0.01). No ED2 staining was found in the resident microglia or in the endothelial cells, which were identified by double staining with rhodamine-labeled anti-factor VIII-related antigen antiborlies. The results suggest that the stroke risk factors hypertension and advanced age are associated with increased subendothelial accumulation of monocytes and macrophages. This accumulation could increase the tendency for the endothelium to convert from an anticoagulant to a procoagulant surface in response to mediators released from these subendothelial cells.}, subject = {Willebrand-Faktor}, language = {en} } @article{XuShengGreineretal.1994, author = {Xu, Shanjia and Sheng, Xinqing and Greiner, P. and Becker, Charles R. and Geick, R.}, title = {High-order finite-element analysis of scattering properties of II-VI semiconductor materials}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86283}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The sattering characteristics ot the n-VI semiconductors were analyzed by a method which combines the second-order finite-element method with the rigorous mode matching procedure. The method avolds the difficulty of solving the complex transcendental equation introduced in the multimode network method and calculates all the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions simultaneously which are needed for the mode matching treatment in the longitudinal direction. As a result, the whole solution procedure is significantly simplified. A comparison is given between the experimental data and the calculated results obtained with this analysis and tbe network method. Very good agreement has been achieved, the accuracy and efficiency of the present method are thus verified.}, subject = {Halbleiter}, language = {en} } @article{WortmannSalehEngelsPeyerimhoff1994, author = {Wortmann-Saleh, D. and Engels, Bernd and Peyerimhoff, S. D.}, title = {Theoretical Study of the Reaction O(\(^3\)P) + C\(_2\)H\(_4\) and comparison with the \(^3\)CH\(_3\) + C\(_2\)H\(_4\) Reaction}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-59076}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The minimum energy path for the reaction O(\(^3\)P\(_g\)) + C\(_2\)H\(_4\)(\(^1\)A\(_g\)) has been calculated by optimizing all relevant geometrical parameters along the approach of oxygen to ethene. A barrier of 4.7 kcal/mol in the \(^3\)A"( ... 9a'\(^2\)- 10a'3a") potential energy surface and an energy difference of 14.4 kcal/mol between the product and the fragments is found at the multireference-configuration interaction level. The corresponding values at the lower-level treatment CASSCF are 9 kcal/mol for the barrier and 9 kcal/mol for the depth of the potential; this shows the importance of inclusion of electron correlation. The barrier for CH\(_2\) rotation for the lowestenergy structure (asymmetric OC\(_2\)H\(_4\)) is around 5 kcal/mol. The energy gap to the first excited state \(^3\)A'( ... 9a'l0a'3a'12) is found tobe 3.6 kcal/mol in MRD-CI calculations at the ground-state minimum. Comparison with \(^3\)CH\(_2\) + C\(_2\)H\(_4\) shows that in this system the lowest-energy surface is \(^3\)A', i.e., the state which is the excited state in 0 + C\(_2\)H\(_4\). This difference in energy ordering of \(^3\)A' and \(^3\)A" states results from the fact that the p\(_x\), p\(_y\), p\(_z\) degeneracy of oxygen orbitals is lifted in \(^3\)CH\(_2\)leading to b\(_1\), b\(_2\). and a\(_1\) MOs whereby the lowest b\(_2\) (a") remains doubly occupied; as a consequence, the reaction pattem between the oxygen and \(^3\)CH\(_2\) approach is different, which is also quite apparent in the calculated charge transfer.}, subject = {Organische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{WissingKauppBoersmaetal.1994, author = {Wissing, Elmo and Kaupp, Martin and Boersma, Jaap and Spek, Anthony L. and Koten, Gerard van}, title = {Alkylation Reactions of Dialkylzinc Compounds with 1,4- Diaza- 1,3-butadienes: Cationic and radical Anionic Organozinc Intermediates. Molecular Structure of the Cationic Organozinc Species [MeZn(t-BuN=CHCH=N-t-Bu)]O\(_3\)SCF\(_3\) and Me\(_2\)Zn(bpy)(bpy = 2,2' -Bipyridine)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-60008}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{WinotoMorbachKroutHeiseretal.1994, author = {Winoto-Morbach, S. and Krout, OS and Heiser, A. and Ulrichs, Karin and M{\"u}ller-Ruchholtz, W.}, title = {Lectin binding to acinar tissue for complete magnetophoretic purification of porcine pancreatic islets depends on the composition and pH of the incubation medium}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45183}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Chirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{WinklerWittbrodtLammersetal.1994, author = {Winkler, Christoph and Wittbrodt, Joachim and Lammers, Reiner and Ullrich, Axel and Schartl, Manfred}, title = {Ligand-dependent tumor induction in medakafish embryos by a Xmrk receptor tyrosine kinase transgene}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87107}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Xmrk encodes a subclass 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) which has been cloned from the melanomainducing locus Tu of the poeciliid fish Xiphophorus. To demonstrate a high oncogenic potential in vivo we transferred the gene into early embryos of the closely related medakafish. Ectopic expression of the Xmrk oncogene under the control of a strong, constitutive promoter (CMVTk) led to the induction of embryonic tumors with high incidence, after short latency periods, and with a specific pattern of affected tissues. We demonstrate ligand-dependent transformation in vivo using a chimeric receptor consisting of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of the human EGF receptor (HER) and the cytoplasmatic domain of Xmrk. Expression of the chimeric receptor alone does not lead to ldnase activation or induction of tumors. Coexpression of the chimera with its corresponding ligand, human transforming growth factor alpha (bTGF(X), however, results in the activation of the chimeric RTK. In injected fish embryos the induction of the neoplastic growth is observed with similar incidence and tissue distribution as in embryos carrying the native Xmrk oncogene suggesting that the ligand as well as factors downstream of tbe RTK are required for tumor formation. In this study we show single-step induction of tumors by ectopic expression of RTKs in vivo substantiating tbe significance of autocrine stimulation in RTK induced tumors in vertebrales.}, subject = {Japank{\"a}rpfling}, language = {en} } @article{WimmerLanderlSchneider1994, author = {Wimmer, Heinz and Landerl, Karin and Schneider, Wolfgang}, title = {The role of rhyme awareness in learning to read a regular orthography}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-50508}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The present research examined whether children's awareness of phonological similarities between words with respect to rhyme and consonantal word onset is of the same importance for learning to read German as it was found to be for learning to read English. In two longitudinal studies differences in phonological sensitivity among children before learning to read (at age 6 to 7) were tested with versions of Bradley \& Bryant's (1985) oddity detection task. Children's reading and spelling achievements were tested about one year later at the end of grade one, and again at around the age of 10. The main finding was a developmental change in the predictive relationship of rhyme and word-onset awareness. Rhyme awareness was only minimally predictive for reading and spelling achievement at the end of grade one, but gained substantially in predictive importance for reading and spelling achievement in grades three and four. No such predictive improvement was observed for word-onset awareness. It is proposed that rhyme awareness is initially of little importance, because in the first phase of learning to read German children rely heavily on indirect word recognition via grapheme--phoneme translation and blending. The gain in the predictive importance of rhyme awareness is explained by its helpful effect on the establishment of mental representations of written words. Such mental representations allow fast, direct word recognition and orthographically correct spellings. A wareness of larger phonological units is helpful for the efficient establishment of such representations, by allowing connections of recurring grapheme clusters in written words with phonology.}, subject = {Psychologie}, language = {en} } @incollection{Wilhelm1994, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {Hymnen der Hethiter}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87862}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {no Abstract available}, subject = {Alter Orient}, language = {de} } @article{Wilhelm1994, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {Kumme und *Kumar: Zur hurritischen Ortsnamenbildung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86448}, year = {1994}, abstract = {no Abstract available}, subject = {Churritisch}, language = {de} } @article{Wilhelm1994, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {Bemerkungen zur urart{\"a}ischen Pal{\"a}ographie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87784}, year = {1994}, abstract = {no Abstract available}, subject = {Alter Orient}, language = {de} } @book{Wilhelm1994, author = {Wilhelm, Gernot}, title = {Medizinische Omina aus Hattuša in akkadischer Sprache}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87733}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Akkadisch}, language = {de} } @article{WieberLangRohseetal.1994, author = {Wieber, Markus and Lang, Stefan and Rohse, Stefan and Habersack, Ralph and Burschka, Christian}, title = {Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Triphenyltelluroniumsulfid}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47151}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Chemie}, language = {de} } @article{Wehgartner1994, author = {Wehgartner, Irma}, title = {R{\"o}ntgenstrahlen und Arch{\"a}ologie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-53827}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Naturwissenschaftliche Untersuchungsmethoden werden heute ganz selbstverst{\"a}ndlich zur wissenschaftlichen Erforschung arch{\"a}ologischer Objekte herangezogen. Dies gilt f{\"u}r die Materialbestimmung und die Kl{\"a}rung von Herstellungstechniken ebenso wie f{\"u}r die Feststellung von Alter oder Zugeh{\"o}rigkeit zu einer bestimmten Kulturlandschaft. Zugleich spielen diese Methoden bei der Echtheitspr{\"u}fung von St{\"u}cken unklarer Provenienz eine nicht unerhebliche Rolle.}, subject = {Arch{\"a}ologie}, language = {de} } @incollection{Wegstein1994, author = {Wegstein, Werner}, title = {Zeichenerkennung und elektronische Texterfassung}, isbn = {3-484-29506-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-41476}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Philosophie / Edition}, language = {de} } @techreport{WangSirenLiuetal.1994, author = {Wang, X. and Sir{\´e}n, Anna-Leena and Liu, Y. and Yue, T-L. and Barone, F. C. and Feuerstein, G. Z.}, title = {Upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on brain microvascular endothelial cells in rat ischemic cortex [Research Report]}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62952}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was studied in rat focal ischemic cortex. A significant increase in ICAM-1 mRNA expression in the ischemic cortex over Ievels in contralateral (nonischemic) site was observed by means of Northern blot analysis following either permanent or temporary occlusion with reperfusion of the middle cerebral artery (PMCAO or MCAO with reperfusion) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In the ischemic cortex, Ievels of ICAM-1 mRNA increased significantly at 3 h (2.6-fold, n = 3, P < 0.05), peaked at 6 to 12 h (6.0-fold, P < 0.01) and remained elevated up to 5 days (2.5-fold, P < 0.05) after PMCAO. The profile of ICAM-1 mRNA expression in the ischemic cortex following MCAO with reperfusion was similar to that following PMCAO, except that ICAM-1 mRNA was significantly increased as early as 1 h (6.3-fold, n = 3, P < 0.05) and then gradually reached a peak at 12 h (12-fold, P < 0.01) after reperfusion. ICAM-1 mRNA expression in ischemic cortex following PMCAO was significantly greater in hypertensive rats than in two normotensive rat strains. Immunostaining using anti-ICAM-1 antiborlies indicated that upregulated ICAM-1 expressionwas localized to endotheIial cells of intraparenchymal blood vessels in the ischemic but not contralateral cortex. The data suggest that an upregulation of ICAM-1 mRNA and protein on brain capillary endothelium may play an important rote in leukocyte migration into ischemic brain tissue.}, subject = {Neurobiologie}, language = {en} } @article{WaelbroeckCamusTastenoyetal.1994, author = {Waelbroeck, M. and Camus, J. and Tastenoy, M. and Feifel, R. and Mutschler, E. and Tacke, R. and Strohmann, C. and Rafeiner, K. and Rodrigues de Miranda, J. F. and Lambrecht, G.}, title = {Binding and functional properties of hexocyclium and sila-hexocyclium derivatives to muscarinic receptor suhtypes}, series = {British Journal of Pharmacology}, volume = {112}, journal = {British Journal of Pharmacology}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128265}, pages = {505-514}, year = {1994}, abstract = {1 We have compared the binding properties of several hexocyclium and sila-hexocyclium derivatives to muscarinic Ml receptors (in rat brain, human neuroblastoma (NB-OK I) cells and calf superior cervical ganglia), rat heart M2 receptors, rat pancreas M3 receptors and M4 receptors in rat striatum, with their functional antimuscarinic properties in rabbit vas deferens (Ml/M4-like), guinea-pig atria (M2), and guinea-pig ileum (M3) muscarinic receptors. 2 Si la-substitution (C/Si exchange) of hexocyclium (~ sila-hexocyclium) and demethyl-hexocyclium (~demethyl-sila-hexocyclium) did not significantly affect their affinities for muscarinic receptors. By contrast, sila-substitution of demethoxy-hexocyclium increased its affinity 2 to 3 fold for all the muscarinic receptor subtypes studied. 3 The p-fluoro- and p-chloro-derivatives of sila-hexocyclium had lower affinities than the parent compound at the four receptor subtypes, in binding and pharmacological studies. 4 In binding studies, o-methoxy-sila-hexocyclium (Ml = M4 ~ M3 ~ M2) had a much lower affinity than sila-hexocyclium for the four receptor subtypes, and discriminated the receptor subtypes more poorly than sila-hexocyclium (Ml = M3> M4> M2)' This is in marked contrast with the very clear selectivity of demethoxy-sila-hexocyclium for the prejunctional MtlM4-like heteroreceptors in rabbit vas deferens. 5 The tertiary amines demethyl-hexocyclium, demethyl-sila-hexocyclium and demethyl-o-methoxy-silahexocyclium had 10 to 30 fold lower affinities than the corresponding quaternary ammonium derivatives.}, language = {en} } @article{VortkampGesslerPaslieretal.1994, author = {Vortkamp, Andrea and Gessler, Manfred and Paslier, D. Le and Elaswarapu, R. and Smith, S. and Grzeschik, Karl-Heinz}, title = {Isolation of a yeast artificial chromosome contig spanning the Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS) gene region}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-30182}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Disruption of the zinc finger gene GLI3 has been shown to be the cause of Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS), at least in some GCPS translocation patients. To characterize this genomic region on human chromosome 7p13, we have isolated a VAC contig of more than 1000 kb including the GLI3 gene. In this contig the gene itself spans at least 200-250 kb. A CpG island is located in the vicinity of the 5' region of the known GLI3 cDNA, implying a potential promoter region.}, language = {en} } @article{UlrichsWangMuellerBuchholtz1994, author = {Ulrichs, Karin and Wang, H. and M{\"u}ller-Buchholtz, W.}, title = {Down-regulation of xenophile antibodies by 15-deoxyspergualin in an experimental animal model}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-44733}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Chirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{UlrichsEcksteinTibelletal.1994, author = {Ulrichs, Karin and Eckstein, V. and Tibell, A. and Groth, C. G. and Korsgren, O. and M{\"u}ller-Ruchholtz, W. and Thiede, A.}, title = {Nat{\"u}rliche und induzierte xenoreaktive Antik{\"o}rper vor und nach klinischer Transplantation f{\"o}taler porziner Pankreasinselzellen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72967}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Antik{\"o}rper}, language = {de} } @article{UlrichsEcksteinMuellerBuchholtz1994, author = {Ulrichs, Karin and Eckstein, V. and M{\"u}ller-Buchholtz, W.}, title = {Xenogeneic T-cell-mediated immune reactivity in the model of pig-to-humans: first findings with native stimulator cells}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-44755}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Chirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{UlrichsEcksteinKorsgrenetal.1994, author = {Ulrichs, Karin and Eckstein, V. and Korsgren, O. and Tibell, A. and Groth, C. G. and M{\"u}ller-Ruchholtz, W.}, title = {Characterization of natural and induced human xenophile antibodies before and after transplantation of the fetal porcine endocrine pancreas}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86985}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Bauspeicheldr{\"u}se}, language = {de} } @article{UlrichsBosseWackeretal.1994, author = {Ulrichs, Karin and Bosse, M. and Wacker, HH and Heiser, A. and M{\"u}ller-Ruchholtz, W.}, title = {Histologic analysis of the porcine pancreas to improve islet yield and integrity after collagenase digestion}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-45166}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Chirurgie}, language = {en} } @article{ToenniesBacherForcheletal.1994, author = {T{\"o}nnies, D. and Bacher, G. and Forchel, Alfred and Waag, A. and Litz, Th. and Hommel, D. and Becker, Charles R. and Landwehr, G. and Heuken, M. and Scholl, M.}, title = {Optical study of interdiffusion in CdTe and ZnSe based quantum wells}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-37750}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, language = {en} } @article{TonyShenReuschetal.1994, author = {Tony, H. P. and Shen, B. J. and Reusch, P. and Sebald, Walter}, title = {Design of human interleukin-4 antagonists inhibiting interleukin-4-dependent and interleukin-13-dependent responses in T-cells and B-cells with high efficiency}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62394}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Human interleukin-4 possesses two distinct sites for receptor activation. A signaHing site, comprising residues near the C-terminus on helix D, determines the efficacy of interleukin-4 signal transduction without affecting the binding to the interleukin-4 receptor a subunit. A complete antagonist and a series of low-efficacy agonist variants of human interleukin-4 could be generated by introducing combinations of two or three negatively charged aspartic acid residues in this site at positions 121, 124, and 125. One of the double variants, designated [R121D,Y124D]interleukin-4, with replacements of b{\"o}th Arg121 and Tyr124 by aspartic acid residues was completely inactive in all analysed cellular responses. The loss of efficacy in [R121D,Y124D]interleukin-4 is estimated to be larger than 2000-fold. Variant [R121D,Y124D]interleukin-4 was also a perfect antagonist for inhibition of interleukin-13-dependent responses in B-cells and the TF-1 cellline with a K\(_i\) value of approximately 100 pM. In addition, inhibition of both interleukin-4-induced and interleuk.in-13- induced responses could be obtained by monoclonal antibody X2/45 raised against interleukin-4Rm the extracellular domain of the interleuk.in-4 receptor a subunit. These results indicate that efficient interleukin-4 antagonists can be designed on the basis of a sequential two-step activation model. In addition, the experiments indicate the functional participation of the interleukin-4 receptor a subunit in the interleukin-13 receptor system.}, subject = {Biochemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeWagnerSperlich1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Wagner, S. A. and Sperlich, J.}, title = {Synthese von (-)-(Acetoxymethyl)(hydroxy-methyl)methyl(phenyl)german [(-)-MePhGe(CH\(_2\)OAc)(CH\(_2\)OH)] durch eine Esterase-katalysierte Umesterung: Die erste enzymatische Synthese eines optisch aktiven Germans}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64310}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {de} } @article{TackeSperlichBecker1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Sperlich, J. and Becker, B.}, title = {Bis[2,3-naphthalenediolato(2-)](pyrrolidinio-methyl)germanate-tetartoacetonitrile, the first zwitterionic \(\lambda_5\)-germanate: synthesis and crystal structure analysis}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64329}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The zwitterionic spirocyclic \(\lambda_5\)-germanate bis(2,3-naphthalenediolato( 2-)](pyrrolidiniomethyl)germanate (8) was synthesized and the crystal structure of its tetartoacetonitrile solvate 8 · 1/4 CH\(_3\)CN studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 8 was prepared by reaction of (MeO)\(_3\)GeCH\(_2\)NC\(_4\)H\(_8\) (11; NC\(_4\)H\(_8\) = pyrrolidino) with two equivalents of 2,3-naphthalenediol (isolated as 8 · 1/4 CH\(_3\)CN; yield 92\%). The coordination polyhedron around the pentacoordi- naphthalenediolatonate germanium atom of 8 · 1/4 CH\(_3\)CN can be described as a strongly distorted trigonal bipyramid (the structure is displaced by 38.9\% from the ideal trigonal bipyrarnid towards the ideal square pyramid), the carbon atom occupying an equatorial position. In the crystal lattice of 8 · 1/4 CH\(_3\)CN, the zwitterions form intermolecular N-H ... o hydrogen bonds leading to the formation of dimers. 1H- and \(^{13}\C-NMR studies revealed that 8 also exists in solution ([D\(_6\)]DMSO).}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackePikiesWiesenbergeretal.1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Pikies, J. and Wiesenberger, F. and Ernst, L. and Schomburg, D. and Waelbroeck, M. and Christophe, J. and Lambrecht, G. and Gross, J. and Mutschler, E.}, title = {Sila-biperiden und endo-Sila-biperiden: Synthesen, Kristallstrukturen und antimuscarinische Eigenschaften}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64303}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Starting from trichloro(vinyl)silane (Cl\(_3\)SiCH=CH\(_2\)), the musearinic antagonists sila-biperiden [rac-(SiRS,C2SR>-ao-2] and endosila- biperiden [rac-(SiRS,C2SR)-endo-2] were prepared by a seven-step synthesis. Both silanols are configurationally stableininert organic solvents but undergo slow epimerization in aqueous solution (pH 7.4, 32°C) by inversion of the configuration at the silicon atom. The relative configurations of sila-biperiden and endo-sila-biperiden were detennined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both compounds form intennolecular 0-H · · · N hydrogen bonds in the crystal leading to the fonnation of centrosymmetric dimers (sila-biperiden) and infinite chains (endo-sila-biperiden), respectively. Sila-biperiden is a silicon analogue (C/Si exchange) of the antiparkinsonian drug biperiden [rac-(CRS/C2SR}-exo-1]. In functional phannacological experiments, as well as in radioligand competition studies, biperiden, sila-biperiden and endo-sila-biperiden behaved as simple competitive antagonists at muscarinic Ml-, M2-, M3- and M4-receptors. The three compounds displayed the highest affinity for Ml-receptors (pA\(_2\) values: 8.72-8.80; pK\(_i\) values: 8.8-9.1), intermediate affinity for M4- and M3-receptors, and lowest affinity for M2-receptors (pA\(_2\) values: 7.57-7.79; pK\(_i\) values: 7.7-7.8). The affinity profile (Ml >. M4 > M3 > M2) of biperiden, sila-biperiden and endo-sila-biperiden is qualitatively similar to that of the M1-selective muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine. The antimuscarinic properlies of the C/Si analogues biperiden and sila-biperiden are almost identical.}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeMuehleisenJones1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and M{\"u}hleisen, M. and Jones, P. G.}, title = {Das erste zwitterionische, optisch aktive Disilicat mit pentakoordiniertem Silicium}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64343}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {de} } @article{TackeMuehleisenJones1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and M{\"u}hleisen, M. and Jones, P. G.}, title = {The first zwitterionic, optically active disilicate with pentacoordinate silicon}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64358}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeMuehleisen1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and M{\"u}hleisen, M.}, title = {Bis[benzilato(2-)-O\(^1\),O\(^2\)][2-(dimethylammonio)ethoxy]silicate: synthesis and structural characterization of a zwitterionic \(\lambda^5\)Si-silicate with a SiO\(_5\) framework}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64400}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeMuehleisen1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and M{\"u}hleisen, M.}, title = {Hexakoordiniertes Silicium in einer molekularen Verbindung mit einer F\(_5\)SiC-Einheit}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64365}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {de} } @article{TackeMuehleisen1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and M{\"u}hleisen, M.}, title = {Hexacoordinate silicon in a compound with an F\(_5\)SiC unit}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64378}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeLopezMrasJones1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Lopez-Mras, A. and Jones, P. G.}, title = {Syntheses, crystal structure analyses, and NMR studies of [2-(dimethylammonio)phenyl]bis[glycolato(2-)-O1,O2]silicate and related zwitterionic spirocyclic \(\lambda_5\)Si-silicates}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64339}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Anorganische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{TackeKropfgansTafeletal.1994, author = {Tacke, Reinhold and Kropfgans, Martin and Tafel, Andrea and Wiesenberger, Frank and Sheldrick, William S. and Mutschler, Ernst and Egerer, Hansj{\"o}rg and Rettenmayr, Nikola and Gross, Jan and Waelbroeck, Magali and Lambrecht, G{\"u}nter}, title = {(Hydroxymethyl)diphenyl(piperidinoalkyl)silane des Typs (HOCH2)(C6H5)2Si(CH2)nNC5H10 (n = 2,3) und deren Methoiodide: Synthese, Struktur und antimuscarinische Eigenschaften}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86904}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, language = {de} } @article{SuterPlessErnzerhofetal.1994, author = {Suter, H. U. and Pleß, V. and Ernzerhof, M. and Engels, Bernd}, title = {Difficulties in the Calculation of Electron Spin Resonance Parameters using Density Functional Methods}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-59113}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Density functional theory is applied to the calculation ofthe isotropic byperfine coupJing constants in some small molecules. Various functionals are tested. The agreement of the calculated values to experimental data and values obtained from sophisticated ab initio methods depends on the functionals used and the system under consideration. With respect to spin density calculations the functional of Lee, Yang and Parr with Becke's excbange functional (BLYP) is found to give good results for tbe heavier center of the CH and the NH molecule, while the spin densities of other molecules such as OH, H\(_2\)CN, H\(_2\)CO\(^+\), NO and O\(_2\) deviate considerably from experimental and/or other theoretical results (30\%-60\%). In cases where the singly occupied orbital can contribute to the isotropic hyperfine coupling constants, accurate results are obtained. The reason fortbis is analyzed.}, subject = {Organische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{SuterHuangEngels1994, author = {Suter, H. U. and Huang, M.-B. and Engels, Bernd}, title = {A Multireference Configuration Interaction Study of the Hyperfine Structure of the Molecules CCO, CNN and NCN in their triplet ground states}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-59108}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The hyperfine structures of the isoelectronic molecules CCO. CNN, and NCN in their triplet ground states (X\(^3 \sum ^-\)) are investigated by means of ab initio methods. The infrared frequencies and geometries are detennined and compared with experiment. Configuration selected multireference configuration interaction calculations in combination with perturbation theory to correct the wave function (MRD-CI/B\(_K\)) employing extended atomic orbital (AO) basis sets yielded very accurate hyperfine properties. The theoretical values for CCO are in excellent agreement with the experimental values determined by Smith and Weltner [J. Chem. Phys. 62,4592 (1975)]. For CNN, the first assignment of Smith and Weltner for the two nitrogen atoms has to be changed. A qualitative discussion of the electronic structure discloses no simple relation between the structure of the singly occupied orbitals and the measured hyperfine coupling constants. Vibrational effects were found to be of little importance.}, subject = {Organische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{SuterEngels1994, author = {Suter, H. U. and Engels, Bernd}, title = {Theoretical investigation of ESR parameters: H\(_2\)CN and H\(_2\)CO\(^+\)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-59029}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The hyperfine structure of the two isoelectronic molecules H\(_2\)CN and H\(_2\)CO\(^+\) in their electronic ground state (X\(^2\)B\(_2\)) is studied. The influence of the atomic orbital (AO), basis sets, of the correlation treatment, and of the. equilibrium geometry on the obtained hyperfine propertles 1s - investigated. It is found that the multireference double excitation-configuration interaction (MRD-CI)/ BK treatment in which an MRD-CI wave function is corrected by a modified B\(_K\) method yields equivalent results to quadratic CI [QCISD(T)], coupled cluster single doubles [CCSD(T)), or Brueckner doubled [BD(T)]. Uncertainties in the equilibrium geometries are found to be the major source for discrepancies between theoretically and experimentally determined isotropic hyperfine coupling constants (hfccs). For the heavier centers, the calculated values of the isotropic hfccs agrees nearly perfectly with experimental values (\(\approx\) 1\%-2\%). The calculated values for the hydrogens are too low, but using the equilibrium structure suggested by Yamamoto and Sato [J. Chem. Phys. 96, 4157 ( 1992)], the best estimate deviates by less than 3\%.}, subject = {Organische Chemie}, language = {en} } @article{Stoeber1994, author = {St{\"o}ber, Gerald}, title = {Schwangerschaftsinfektionen bei M{\"u}ttern von chronisch Schizophrenen: die Bedeutung einer differenzierten Nosologie}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78438}, year = {1994}, abstract = {In einer retrospektiven Untersuchung erinnerten 16 von 80 M{\"u}ttern von chronisch Schizophrenen eine schwere Infektionserkrankung in der Schwangerschaft. Im zweiten Trimenon waren geh{\"a}uft Infektionen aufgetreten. Zehn von 80 M{\"u}ttern von Kontrollpersonen erinnerten ebenfalls eine Infektion. Im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen halfen M{\"u}tter Schizophrener im 5. Schwangerschaftsmonat h{\"a}ufiger Infektionen als in den anderen Gestationsmonaten (p < 0,05). Bei "famili{\"a}ren" und "sporadischen" Schizophrenen gem{\"a}ß DSM III-R kamen im Vergleich zu Kontrollen Infektionen in gleicher H{\"a}ufigkeit vor. Wurden hingegen in der Diagnostik schizophrener Psychosen die Definitionen von Leonhard zugrunde gelegt, ergaben sich signifikante Unterschiede! Bei den systematischen Schizophrenen (denen nach Leonhard keine erbliche Disposition zugrunde liegt) waren Infektionen geh{\"a}uft im 2. Schwangerschaftsdrittel aufgetreten, sowohl im Vergleich zu Kontrollen (p < 0,01) als auch im Vergleich zu den unsystematischen Schizophrenen, die haupts{\"a}chlich genetisch bedingt zu sein scheinen (p < 0,001). Infektionserkrankungen im 5. Schwangerschaftsmonat waren ausschließlich bei den M{\"u}ttern von systematischen Schizophrenen vorgekommen. Bei diesen Krankheitsformen scheinen Infektionen im 2. Schwangerschaftstrimenon und insbesondere im 5. Schwangerschaftsmonat wichtige {\"a}tiologische Faktoren zu sein und k{\"o}nnten miturs{\"a}chlich sein f{\"u}r die beschriebenen zytoarchitektonischen Aberrationen im Zentralnervensystem von chronisch Schizophrenen.}, subject = {Medizin}, language = {de} } @article{StrikDierksFranzeketal.1994, author = {Strik, Werner K. and Dierks, Thomas and Franzek, Ernst and St{\"o}ber, Gerald and Maurer, Konrad}, title = {P300 in Schizophrenia: Interactions between Amplitudes and Topography}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63351}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Low P300 amplitudes and topographical asymmetries have been reponed in schizophrenic patients, but reference-independent amplitude assessment failed to replicate reduced amplitudes. P300 amplitude is conventially assessed at midline electrodes (PZ), anti asymmetric topography as reported in schizophrenics, may conj'ound this measurement. We lnvestigated the possible Interaction between P300 ropography and assessments of amplitudes. ln 41 clinically stable schizophrenics and 31 normal controls, the generalfinding ofreduced amplitudes at the P'l electrode and topographical asymmetrles in the patient group were replicated. ln both groups, a.symmetries of the P300 field (lateralized peaks) reduced the standard amplitude assessment at the midline parletal electrode, but did not Qjfoct the reference-independent, global amplitude assessment. This shows thal asymmetry per se does not imply reduced field strength. in addition, in schizophreraics. but not in controls, there was a significcmt effect oftlae direction of asymmetry on both amplltude measures, amplitudes belng lower with increasing shift ofthe P300 peak to the right side. Considering also the slightly left-lateralized peaks in the normal controls. this suggests rhat only right lateralized P300 peaks upressfunctional deficits in schizophrenics, whereas left lateralized pealcs fall wlthin the physiological variability of the P3OO field. Tht refonnce-independent amplitude assessment is proposed for unambiguous amplitude assessment in order to better define the clinical, psychological and physiopathological mtaning of the P3OO alterations in schizophrenics.}, subject = {Schizophrenie}, language = {en} } @article{StrikDierksFranzeketal.1994, author = {Strik, Werner K. and Dierks, Thomas and Franzek, Ernst and St{\"o}ber, Gerald and Maurer, Konrad}, title = {P 300 asymmetries in schizophrenia revisited with reference-independent methods}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63372}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Evidence of hemispheric asymmetries in schizophrenia has been reported from different research areas. Asymmetries in evoked potential P300 topography are still controversial because of inconsistent findings. In the present study. previous results of abnormal lateralization of P300 were replicated in stabilized residual Schizophrenie patients. Auditory P300 was recorded during an odd ball task in which subjeets detected rare target stimuli. Schizophrenie patients had the P300 peak shifted to the right hemisphere and differed signifieantly from age- and sex-matched normal control subjects who had left-lateralized P300 peaks. A comparison of different methods of assessment and analysis of the topographical features of the P300 electric fields showed that the extraction of reference-independent descriptors of P300 topography is a reliable and sensitive method for statistical handling of the maps. The results suggest left hemispheric dysfunction during cognitive tasks in a subgroup of Schizophrenie patients. Inconsistencies between previous sturlies are likely to be due to heterogeneous patient groups, which may have included patients in an acute Schizophrenie episode or patients in clinical remission. lnvestigation of the clinical meaning of P300 alterations requires careful psychopathological definition of the patient groups.}, subject = {Schizophrenie}, language = {en} } @article{StopperKuehnelPodschun1994, author = {Stopper, Helga and K{\"u}hnel, A. and Podschun, B.}, title = {Combination of the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil with an inhibitor of its catabolism results in increased micronucleus induction}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63383}, year = {1994}, abstract = {The rate limiting step in 5-fluorouracil catabolism is catalyzed by the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. Since degradation of 5-fluorouracil decreases its efficacy in chemotherapy, the inhibition of its catabolism is a promising tool. We investigated the formation of micronuclei in vitro in mouse L5178Y cells. 5-fluorouracil induced an increase in micronucleus frequency, which could significantly be enhanced by the concurrent application of 2,6-dihydroxypyridine, an inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. The 5-fluorouracil concentration necessary to reach maximal genotoxic effects could be reduced to half in the presence of inhibitor. 2,6-Dihydroxypyridine alone and the naturally occuring enzyme substrate uracil did not induce micronucleus formation. Combined application of the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil and an inhibitor of its could reduce side-effects by lowering the effective dose of the active drug. With this study we provide further support for the usefulness of this concept.}, subject = {Toxikologie}, language = {en} } @article{StopperKirchnerSchiffmannetal.1994, author = {Stopper, Helga and Kirchner, S. and Schiffmann, D. and Poot, M.}, title = {Cell cycle disturbance in relation to micronucleus formation induced by the carcinogenic estrogen diethylstilbestrol}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-82250}, year = {1994}, abstract = {In addition to its tumor-promoting activity in honnone-receptive tissue, the carcinogenic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) has been found to induce cell transformation, aneuploidy and micronucleus formation in mammalian cells. The majority of these micronuclei contained whole chromosomes and were fonned during mitosis. Here a possible relationship between a disturbance in cell cycle progression and micronucleus fonnation is investigated by exposing Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells to DES. Continuous bromodeoxyuridine labeling followed by bivariate Hoechst 33258/ethidium bromide flow cytometry was employed for analysis of cell cycle transit and related to the time course of micronucleus formation. Treatment of SHE cells with DES resulted in delayed and impaired cell activation (exit from the GO/G 1 phase), impaired S-phase transit and, mainly, G2-phase traverse. Cells forming micronuclei, on the other hand, were predominantly in G2 phase during DES treatment. These results suggest that impairment of Sand G2 transit may involve a process ultimately leading to micronucleus formation.}, subject = {Toxikologie}, language = {en} } @article{StopperEckertSchiffmannetal.1994, author = {Stopper, Helga and Eckert, I. and Schiffmann, D. and Spencer, D. L. and Caspary, W. J.}, title = {Is micronucleus induction by aneugens an early event leading to mutagenesis?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-63390}, year = {1994}, abstract = {This study was designed to investigate a previously unidentified potential mechanism for mutation induction as well as to clarify a biological comequence of micronucleus formation. We compared the induction of micronuclei with mutation inductioo as measured by trißuorothymidine (TFI') resistance in mouse L5178Y cells using four aneugens: colcemid, diethylstilbestrol, griseofulvin and vioblastine. AU four compounds induced micronuclei which appeared in the first cell cycle after treatment. More than 85\% of the micronuclei induced by each compound stained positive for the presence of kinetochores implying that the micronuclei contained wbole cbromosomes. However, these same compounds were unable to induce TFf resistance under tbree different treatment regimes. We concluded that tbese compounds, under conditions where tbey induce primarily kinetochore positive micronuclel, were not able to induce mutations. Thus, the induction of micronuclei containing wbole chromosomes barborlog a select.able gene is not an early event leadlog to mutations in these cells.}, subject = {Toxikologie}, language = {en} } @incollection{Stein1994, author = {Stein, Roland}, title = {Lernen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40202}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Sonderp{\"a}dagogik / W{\"o}rterbuch}, language = {de} } @incollection{Stein1994, author = {Stein, Roland}, title = {MCD}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40210}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Sonderp{\"a}dagogik / W{\"o}rterbuch}, language = {de} } @incollection{Stein1994, author = {Stein, Roland}, title = {Lernbehinderung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40198}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Sonderp{\"a}dagogik / W{\"o}rterbuch}, language = {de} } @incollection{Stein1994, author = {Stein, Roland}, title = {Ausbildung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40187}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Sonderp{\"a}dagogik}, language = {de} } @article{Stein1994, author = {Stein, Roland}, title = {Lernbeeintr{\"a}chtigte nach der Schule - Arbeit oder Sozialhilfe? : Erfahrungen aus der Berufsausbildung ehemaliger Sondersch{\"u}ler}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40091}, year = {1994}, abstract = {Nach der Schulzeit droht Lernbeeintr{\"a}chtigten durch die allgemeine Entwicklung auf dem Arbeits- und Ausbildungsmarkt eine schwierige Berufsfindung, hochgradig unbefriedigende Hilfsarbeiter-T{\"a}tigkeit und - in erheblich zunehmendem Maße - Arbeitslosigkeit und der Verlust von Lebensperspektiven. Der Beitrag zeigt M{\"o}glichkeiten und Grenzen der qualifizierten und zukunfts orientierten Berufsausbildung dieser Gruppe auf, wobei sowohl moderne technologische Entwicklungen als auch die F{\"o}rderung personaler und sozialer Kompetenzen Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden. Die Fragestellung der Integration Lernbeeintr{\"a}chtigter wird nicht mit der Schulzeit abgeschlossen - sie stellt sich umso st{\"a}rker danach.}, subject = {Sonderp{\"a}dagogik / Zeitschrift}, language = {de} } @incollection{Stein1994, author = {Stein, Roland}, title = {Werkstatt f{\"u}r Behinderte}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-40239}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {1994}, abstract = {No abstract available}, subject = {Sonderp{\"a}dagogik / W{\"o}rterbuch}, language = {de} }