@article{OthmanFathyBekhitetal.2021,
  author    = {Othman, Eman M. and Fathy, Moustafa and Bekhit, Amany Abdlrehim and Abdel-Razik, Abdel-Razik H. and Jamal, Arshad and Nazzal, Yousef and Shams, Shabana and Dandekar, Thomas and Naseem, Muhammad},
  title     = {Modulatory and toxicological perspectives on the effects of the small molecule kinetin},
  series = {Molecules},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Molecules},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {1420-3049},
  doi       = {10.3390/molecules26030670},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-223064},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Plant hormones are small regulatory molecules that exert pharmacological actions in mammalian cells such as anti-oxidative and pro-metabolic effects. Kinetin belongs to the group of plant hormones cytokinin and has been associated with modulatory functions in mammalian cells. The mammalian adenosine receptor (A2a-R) is known to modulate multiple physiological responses in animal cells. Here, we describe that kinetin binds to the adenosine receptor (A2a-R) through the Asn253 residue in an adenosine dependent manner. To harness the beneficial effects of kinetin for future human use, we assess its acute toxicity by analyzing different biochemical and histological markers in rats. Kinetin at a dose below 1 mg/kg had no adverse effects on the serum level of glucose or on the activity of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes in the kinetin treated rats. Whereas, creatinine levels increased after a kinetin treatment at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg. Furthermore, 5 mg/kg treated kinetin rats showed normal renal corpuscles, but a mild degeneration was observed in the renal glomeruli and renal tubules, as well as few degenerated hepatocytes were also observed in the liver. Kinetin doses below 5 mg/kg did not show any localized toxicity in the liver and kidney tissues. In addition to unraveling the binding interaction between kinetin and A2a-R, our findings suggest safe dose limits for the future use of kinetin as a therapeutic and modulatory agent against various pathophysiological conditions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RatzkaFoersterLiangetal.2012,
  author    = {Ratzka, Carolin and F{\"o}rster, Frank and Liang, Chunguang and Kupper, Maria and Dandekar, Thomas and Feldhaar, Heike and Gross, Roy},
  title     = {Molecular characterization of antimicrobial peptide genes of the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-75985},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is a major defense mechanism against pathogen infestation and of particular importance for insects relying exclusively on an innate immune system. Here, we report on the characterization of three AMPs from the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus. Due to sequence similarities and amino acid composition these peptides can be classified into the cysteine-rich (e.g. defensin) and glycine-rich (e.g. hymenoptaecin) AMP groups, respectively. The gene and cDNA sequences of these AMPs were established and their expression was shown to be induced by microbial challenge. We characterized two different defensin genes. The defensin-2 gene has a single intron, whereas the defensin-1 gene has two introns. The deduced amino acid sequence of the C. floridanus defensins is very similar to other known ant defensins with the exception of a short C-terminal extension of defensin-1. The hymenoptaecin gene has a single intron and a very peculiar domain structure. The corresponding precursor protein consists of a signal- and a pro-sequence followed by a hymenoptaecin-like domain and six directly repeated hymenoptaecin domains. Each of the hymenoptaecin domains is flanked by an EAEP-spacer sequence and a RR-site known to be a proteolytic processing site. Thus, proteolytic processing of the multipeptide precursor may generate several mature AMPs leading to an amplification of the immune response. Bioinformatical analyses revealed the presence of hymenoptaecin genes with similar multipeptide precursor structure in genomes of other ant species suggesting an evolutionary conserved important role of this gene in ant immunity.},
  subject      = {Biologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AdolfiCarreiraJesusetal.2015,
  author    = {Adolfi, Mateus C. and Carreira, Ana C. O. and Jesus, L{\´a}zaro W. O. and Bogerd, Jan and Funes, Rejane M. and Schartl, Manfred and Sogayar, Mari C. and Borella, Maria I.},
  title     = {Molecular cloning and expression analysis of dmrt1 and sox9 during gonad development and male reproductive cycle in the lambari fish, Astyanax altiparanae},
  series = {Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1186/1477-7827-13-2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-126486},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Background The dmrt1 and sox9 genes have a well conserved function related to testis formation in vertebrates, and the group of fish presents a great diversity of species and reproductive mechanisms. The lambari fish (Astyanax altiparanae) is an important Neotropical species, where studies on molecular level of sex determination and gonad maturation are scarce. Methods Here, we employed molecular cloning techniques to analyze the cDNA sequences of the dmrt1 and sox9 genes, and describe the expression pattern of those genes during development and the male reproductive cycle by qRT-PCR, and related to histology of the gonad. Results Phylogenetic analyses of predicted amino acid sequences of dmrt1 and sox9 clustered A. altiparanae in the Ostariophysi group, which is consistent with the morphological phylogeny of this species. Studies of the gonad development revealed that ovary formation occurred at 58 days after hatching (dah), 2 weeks earlier than testis formation. Expression studies of sox9 and dmrt1 in different tissues of adult males and females and during development revealed specific expression in the testis, indicating that both genes also have a male-specific role in the adult. During the period of gonad sex differentiation, dmrt1 seems to have a more significant role than sox9. During the male reproductive cycle dmrt1 and sox9 are down-regulated after spermiation, indicating a role of these genes in spermatogenesis. Conclusions For the first time the dmrt1 and sox9 were cloned in a Characiformes species. We show that both genes have a conserved structure and expression, evidencing their role in sex determination, sex differentiation and the male reproductive cycle in A. altiparanae. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in fish.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ViebrockPerzSebald1983,
  author    = {Viebrock, A and Perz, A and Sebald, Walter},
  title     = {Molecular cloning of middle-abundant mRNAs from Neurospora crassa},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-82033},
  year      = {1983},
  abstract  = {no abstract available},
  subject      = {Neurospora crassa},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchartlAdam1992,
  author    = {Schartl, Manfred and Adam, Dieter},
  title     = {Molecular cloning, structural characterization, and analysis of transcription of the melanoma oncogene of xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61989},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GesslerBruns1988,
  author    = {Gessler, Manfred and Bruns, Gail A. P.},
  title     = {Molecular mapping and cloning of the breakpoints of a chromosome 11p14.1-p13 deletion associated with the AGR syndrome},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-59264},
  year      = {1988},
  abstract  = {Chromosome 11p13 is frequently rearranged in individuals with the WAGR syndrome (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and mental retardation) or parts of this syndrome. To map the cytogenetic aberrations molecularly, we screened DNA from cell Unes with known WAGR-related chromosome abnormalities for rearrangements with pulsed fleld gel (PFG) analysis using probes deleted from one chromosome 11 homolog of a WAGR patient. The first alteration was detected in a cell line from an individual with aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, mental retardation, and a deletion described as 11p14.1-p13. We have located one breakpoint close to probe HU11-164B and we have cloned both breakpoint sites as well as the junctional fragment. The breakpoints subdivide current intervals on the genetic map, and the probes for both sides will serve as important additional markers for a long-range restriction map of this region. Further characterization and sequencing of the breakpoints may yield insight into the mechanisms by which these deletions occur.},
  subject      = {Biochemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KriegelMatevskiSchuldt2021,
  author    = {Kriegel, Peter and Matevski, Dragan and Schuldt, Andreas},
  title     = {Monoculture and mixture-planting of non-native Douglas fir alters species composition, but promotes the diversity of ground beetles in a temperate forest system},
  series = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
  volume    = {30},
  journal   = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
  number    = {5},
  issn      = {1572-9710},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10531-021-02155-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-269017},
  pages     = {1479-1499},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Planting non-native tree species, like Douglas fir in temperate European forest systems, is encouraged to mitigate effects of climate change. However, Douglas fir monocultures often revealed negative effects on forest biota, while effects of mixtures with native tree species on forest ecosystems are less well understood. We investigated effects of three tree species (Douglas fir, Norway spruce, native European beech), on ground beetles in temperate forests of Germany. Beetles were sampled in monocultures of each tree species and broadleaf-conifer mixtures with pitfall traps, and environmental variables were assessed around each trap. We used linear mixed models in a two-step procedure to disentangle effects of environment and tree species identity on ground beetle abundance, species richness, functional diversity and species assemblage structure. Contradictory to our expectations, ground beetle abundance and functional diversity was highest in pure Douglas fir stands, while tree mixtures showed intermediate values between pure coniferous and pure beech stands. The main drivers of these patterns were only partially dependent on tree species identity, which highlights the importance of structural features in forest stands. However, our study revealed distinct shifts in assemblage structure between pure beech and pure Douglas fir stands, which were only partially eased through mixture planting. Our findings suggest that effects of planting non-native trees on associated biodiversity can be actively modified by promoting beneficial forest structures. Nevertheless, integrating non-native tree species, even in mixtures with native trees, will invariably alter assemblage structures of associated biota, which can compromise conservation efforts targeted at typical species composition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrankeBergerFalketal.1974,
  author    = {Franke, Werner W. and Berger, S. and Falk, Heinz and Spring, H. and Scheer, Ulrich and Trendelenburg, Michael F. and Schweiger, H. G. and Herth, W.},
  title     = {Morphology of the nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions during the development of Acetabularia cells. I. The vegetative phase},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-32363},
  year      = {1974},
  abstract  = {The ultrastructure of th e growin g and ma turing primary nucleus of Acetabularia medite rranea and Acetabularia major has been studied with the use of various fi xation procedures. Particular interest has been focused on the deta ils of the nuclear periphery and the perinuclear region. It is demonstrated that early in nuclear grow th a characteristic perinucl ear structura l complex is formed which is, among the eukaryotic cells, unique to Acetabularia and re lated genera. This perinuclear system consists essentially of a) the nuclear envelope with a very hi gh pore frequency and various pore complex assoc iat ion s w ith granular and/or threadlike structures some of which are continuous with the nucleolus; b) an approx imate ly 100 nm thick intermediate zone densely filled with a filam entOus material and occasional sma ll membraneous structures from which the typical cytOplasmic and nuclear organe lles and particles are excl ud ed ; c) an adjacent Iacunar labyrinthum which is interrupted by many plasmatic junction channels between the intermed iate zone and the free cytOplasm; d) numerous dense perinuclear bodies in the juxtanuclear cytOplasm which a re especia lly frequent at the junction channels and reveal a composition of aggregated fibrillar and granul ar structures; e) very dense exclusively fibrill ar agg regates which occur either in assoc iation with t he perinuclear region of the lacunar labyrinthum or, somewhat further out, in the cytOplasmic strands between the bra nches of the lacun ar labyrinthum in the form of slender, characteristic rods or "sausages".},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrankeScheer1978,
  author    = {Franke, Werner W. and Scheer, Ulrich},
  title     = {Morphology of transcriptional units at different states of activity},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-41363},
  year      = {1978},
  abstract  = {The morphology of two forms of transcription ally active chromatin, the nucleoli and the loops of lampbrush chromosomes, has been examined after fixation in situ or after isolation and dispersion of the material in media of low ionic strengths, using a variety of electron microscopic preparation techniques (e.g. spread preparations with positive or negative staining or without any staining at all, with bright and dark field illumination, with autoradiography, after pretreatment of the chromatin with specific detergents such as Sarkosyl NL-30; transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sections). Nucleolar chromatin and chromosomes from oocytes of various amphibia and insects as well as from green algae of the family of the Dasycladaceae were studied in particular detail. The morphology of transcriptional units that are densely packed with lateral ribonucleoprotein fibrils, indicative of great transcriptional activity, was compared with that of chromatin of reduced lateral fibril density, including stages of drug-induced inhibition. The micrographs showed that under conditions which preserve the nucleosomal organization in condensed chromatin studied in parallel, nucleosomes are not recognized in transcriptionally active chromatin. This holds for the transcribed regions as well as for apparently untranscribed (i.e. fibril-free) regions interspersed between ('spacer') and/or adjacent to transcribed genes and for the fibril-free regions within transcriptional units of reduced fibril density. In addition, comparison oflengths of repeating units of isolated rDNA with those observed in spread nucleolar chromatin indicated that this DNA is not foreshortened and packed into nucleosomal structures. Granular particles which were observed, at irregular frequencies and in variable patterns, in some spacer regions, did not result in a proportional shortening of the spacer axis, and were found to be resistant to detergent treatment effective in removing most of the chromatin associated proteins including histones. Thus, these particles behave like RNA polymerases rather than nucleosomes. It is suggested that structural changes from nucleosomal packing to an extended form of DNA are involved in the transcriptional activation of chromatin.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrankeScheerSpringetal.1976,
  author    = {Franke, Werner W. and Scheer, Ulrich and Spring, Herbert and Trendelenburg, Michael F. and Krohne, G.},
  title     = {Morphology of transcriptional units of rDNA: evidence for transcription in apparent spacer intercepts and cleavages in the elongating nascent RNA},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-39681},
  year      = {1976},
  abstract  = {Several types of "irregular" structures in the arrangement of lateral fibrils were noted in electron microscopic preparations of transcriptionally active nucleolar chromatin from various plant and animal cells. Such forms include: I. Disproportionately long lateral fibrils which occur either as individual fibrils or in groups; 2. "Prelude complexes" and other arrangements of lateral fibrils in apparent spacer intercepts; 3. Thickening of the rDNA chromatin axis at the starting end of pre-rRNA matrix units; 4. Extremely long matrix units , the length of which exceeds that of the rDNA (double-strand) sequence complementary to the specific pre-rRN A (for abbreviations see text). In addition, the stability of high molecular weight RNAs contained in the nucleolar ribonucleoproteins during the preparation for electron microscopy was demonstrated by gel electrophoresis. The observations indicate that the morphological starting point of a pre-rRNA matrix unit is not necessarily identical with the initiation site for synthesis of pre-rRNA, but they rather suggest that the start of the transcriptional unit is located at least O.2-D.8 JLm before the matrix unit and that parts of the "apparent spacer" are transcribed. It is proposed that the pre-rRN A molecules do not represent the primary product of rDNA transcription but rather relatively stable intermediate products that have already been processed during transcription.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AydinliLiangDandekar2022,
  author    = {Aydinli, Muharrem and Liang, Chunguang and Dandekar, Thomas},
  title     = {Motif and conserved module analysis in DNA (promoters, enhancers) and RNA (lncRNA, mRNA) using AlModules},
  series = {Scientific Reports},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Scientific Reports},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-022-21732-0},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-301268},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Nucleic acid motifs consist of conserved and variable nucleotide regions. For functional action, several motifs are combined to modules. The tool AIModules allows identification of such motifs including combinations of them and conservation in several nucleic acid stretches. AIModules recognizes conserved motifs and combinations of motifs (modules) allowing a number of interesting biological applications such as analysis of promoter and transcription factor binding sites (TFBS), identification of conserved modules shared between several gene families, e.g. promoter regions, but also analysis of shared and conserved other DNA motifs such as enhancers and silencers, in mRNA (motifs or regulatory elements e.g. for polyadenylation) and lncRNAs. The tool AIModules presented here is an integrated solution for motif analysis, offered as a Web service as well as downloadable software. Several nucleotide sequences are queried for TFBSs using predefined matrices from the JASPAR DB or by using one's own matrices for diverse types of DNA or RNA motif discovery. Furthermore, AIModules can find TFBSs common to two or more sequences. Demanding high or low conservation, AIModules outperforms other solutions in speed and finds more modules (specific combinations of TFBS) than alternative available software. The application also searches RNA motifs such as polyadenylation site or RNA-protein binding motifs as well as DNA motifs such as enhancers as well as user-specified motif combinations (https://bioinfo-wuerz.de/aimodules/; alternative entry pages: https://aimodules.heinzelab.de or https://www.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de/bioinfo/computing/aimodules). The application is free and open source whether used online, on-site, or locally.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DanielTraenknerWojtaszetal.2014,
  author    = {Daniel, Katrin and Tr{\"a}nkner, Daniel and Wojtasz, Lukasz and Shibuya, Hiroki and Watanabe, Yoshinori and Alsheimer, Manfred and Toth, Attila},
  title     = {Mouse CCDC79 (TERB1) is a meiosis-specific telomere associated protein},
  series = {BMC Cell Biology},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {BMC Cell Biology},
  number    = {17},
  issn      = {1471-2121},
  doi       = {10.1186/1471-2121-15-17},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-116248},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background: Telomeres have crucial meiosis-specific roles in the orderly reduction of chromosome numbers and in ensuring the integrity of the genome during meiosis. One such role is the attachment of telomeres to trans-nuclear envelope protein complexes that connect telomeres to motor proteins in the cytoplasm. These trans-nuclear envelope connections between telomeres and cytoplasmic motor proteins permit the active movement of telomeres and chromosomes during the first meiotic prophase. Movements of chromosomes/telomeres facilitate the meiotic recombination process, and allow high fidelity pairing of homologous chromosomes. Pairing of homologous chromosomes is a prerequisite for their correct segregation during the first meiotic division. Although inner-nuclear envelope proteins, such as SUN1 and potentially SUN2, are known to bind and recruit meiotic telomeres, these proteins are not meiosis-specific, therefore cannot solely account for telomere-nuclear envelope attachment and/or for other meiosis-specific characteristics of telomeres in mammals. Results: We identify CCDC79, alternatively named TERB1, as a meiosis-specific protein that localizes to telomeres from leptotene to diplotene stages of the first meiotic prophase. CCDC79 and SUN1 associate with telomeres almost concurrently at the onset of prophase, indicating a possible role for CCDC79 in telomere-nuclear envelope interactions and/or telomere movements. Consistent with this scenario, CCDC79 is missing from most telomeres that fail to connect to SUN1 protein in spermatocytes lacking the meiosis-specific cohesin SMC1B. SMC1B-deficient spermatocytes display both reduced efficiency in telomere-nuclear envelope attachment and reduced stability of telomeres specifically during meiotic prophase. Importantly, CCDC79 associates with telomeres in SUN1-deficient spermatocytes, which strongly indicates that localization of CCDC79 to telomeres does not require telomere-nuclear envelope attachment. Conclusion: CCDC79 is a meiosis-specific telomere associated protein. Based on our findings we propose that CCDC79 plays a role in meiosis-specific telomere functions. In particular, we favour the possibility that CCDC79 is involved in telomere-nuclear envelope attachment and/or the stabilization of meiotic telomeres. These conclusions are consistent with the findings of an independently initiated study that analysed CCDC79/TERB1 functions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ThieleRichterHilger2023,
  author    = {Thiele, Jonas A. and Richter, Aylin and Hilger, Kirsten},
  title     = {Multimodal brain signal complexity predicts human intelligence},
  series = {eNeuro},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {eNeuro},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1523/ENEURO.0345-22.2022},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-312949},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Spontaneous brain activity builds the foundation for human cognitive processing during external demands. Neuroimaging studies based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) identified specific characteristics of spontaneous (intrinsic) brain dynamics to be associated with individual differences in general cognitive ability, i.e., intelligence. However, fMRI research is inherently limited by low temporal resolution, thus, preventing conclusions about neural fluctuations within the range of milliseconds. Here, we used resting-state electroencephalographical (EEG) recordings from 144 healthy adults to test whether individual differences in intelligence (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices scores) can be predicted from the complexity of temporally highly resolved intrinsic brain signals. We compared different operationalizations of brain signal complexity (multiscale entropy, Shannon entropy, Fuzzy entropy, and specific characteristics of microstates) regarding their relation to intelligence. The results indicate that associations between brain signal complexity measures and intelligence are of small effect sizes (r ∼ 0.20) and vary across different spatial and temporal scales. Specifically, higher intelligence scores were associated with lower complexity in local aspects of neural processing, and less activity in task-negative brain regions belonging to the default-mode network. Finally, we combined multiple measures of brain signal complexity to show that individual intelligence scores can be significantly predicted with a multimodal model within the sample (10-fold cross-validation) as well as in an independent sample (external replication, N = 57). In sum, our results highlight the temporal and spatial dependency of associations between intelligence and intrinsic brain dynamics, proposing multimodal approaches as promising means for future neuroscientific research on complex human traits.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GrafePreiningerSztatecsnyetal.2012,
  author    = {Grafe, T. Ulmar and Preininger, Doris and Sztatecsny, Marc and Kasah, Rosli and Dehling, J. Maximilian and Proksch, Sebastian and H{\"o}dl, Walter},
  title     = {Multimodal Communication in a Noisy Environment: A Case Study of the Bornean Rock Frog Staurois parvus},
  series = {PLoS One},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {PLoS One},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0037965},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-133718},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {High background noise is an impediment to signal detection and perception. We report the use of multiple solutions to improve signal perception in the acoustic and visual modality by the Bornean rock frog, Staurois parvus. We discovered that vocal communication was not impaired by continuous abiotic background noise characterised by fast-flowing water. Males modified amplitude, pitch, repetition rate and duration of notes within their advertisement call. The difference in sound pressure between advertisement calls and background noise at the call dominant frequency of 5578 Hz was 8 dB, a difference sufficient for receiver detection. In addition, males used several visual signals to communicate with conspecifics with foot flagging and foot flashing being the most common and conspicuous visual displays, followed by arm waving, upright posture, crouching, and an open-mouth display. We used acoustic playback experiments to test the efficacy-based alerting signal hypothesis of multimodal communication. In support of the alerting hypothesis, we found that acoustic signals and foot flagging are functionally linked with advertisement calling preceding foot flagging. We conclude that S. parvus has solved the problem of continuous broadband low-frequency noise by both modifying its advertisement call in multiple ways and by using numerous visual signals. This is the first example of a frog using multiple acoustic and visual solutions to communicate in an environment characterised by continuous noise.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WiegeringIsbertDietzetal.2014,
  author    = {Wiegering, Armin and Isbert, Christoph and Dietz, Ulrich A. and Kunzmann, Volker and Ackermann, Sabine and Kerscher, Alexander and Maeder, Uwe and Flentje, Michael and Schlegel, Nicolas and Reibetanz, Joachim and Germer, Christoph-Thomas and Klein, Ingo},
  title     = {Multimodal therapy in treatment of rectal cancer is associated with improved survival and reduced local recurrence - a retrospective analysis over two decades},
  doi       = {10.1186/1471-2407-14-816},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-110606},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Background The management of rectal cancer (RC) has substantially changed over the last decades with the implementation of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, adjuvant therapy and improved surgery such as total mesorectal excision (TME). It remains unclear in which way these approaches overall influenced the rate of local recurrence and overall survival. Methods Clinical, histological and survival data of 658 out of 662 consecutive patients with RC were analyzed for treatment and prognostic factors from a prospectively expanded single-institutional database. Findings were then stratified according to time of diagnosis in patient groups treated between 1993 and 2001 and 2002 and 2010. Results The study population included 658 consecutive patients with rectal cancer between 1993 and 2010. Follow up data was available for 99.6\% of all 662 treated patients. During the time period between 2002 and 2010 significantly more patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (17.6\% vs. 60\%) and adjuvant chemotherapy (37.9\% vs. 58.4\%). Also, the rate of reported TME during surgery increased. The rate of local or distant metastasis decreased over time, and tumor related 5-year survival increased significantly with from 60\% to 79\%. Conclusion In our study population, the implementation of treatment changes over the last decade improved the patient's outcome significantly. Improvements were most evident for UICC stage III rectal cancer.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HovestadtThomasMitesseretal.2019,
  author    = {Hovestadt, Thomas and Thomas, Jeremy A. and Mitesser, Oliver and Sch{\"o}nrogge, Karsten},
  title     = {Multiple host use and the dynamics of host-switching in host-parasite systems},
  series = {Insect Conservation and Diversity},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Insect Conservation and Diversity},
  number    = {6},
  doi       = {10.1111/icad.12374},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204747},
  pages     = {511-522},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The link between multi-host use and host switching in host-parasite interactions is a continuing area of debate. Lycaenid butterflies in the genus Maculinea, for example, exploit societies of different Myrmica ant species across their ranges, but there is only rare evidence that they simultaneously utilise multiple hosts at a local site, even where alternative hosts are present. We present a simple population-genetic model accounting for the proportion of two alternative hosts and the fitness of parasite genotypes on each host. In agreement with standard models, we conclude that simultaneous host use is possible whenever fitness of heterozygotes on alternative hosts is not too low. We specifically focus on host-shifting dynamics when the frequency of hosts changes. We find that (i) host shifting may proceed so rapidly that multiple host use is unlikely to be observed, (ii) back and forth transition in host use can exhibit a hysteresis loop, (iii) the parasites' host use may not be proportional to local host frequencies and be restricted to the rarer host under some conditions, and (iv) that a substantial decline in parasite abundance may typically precede a shift in host use. We conclude that focusing not just on possible equilibrium conditions but also considering the dynamics of host shifting in non-equilibrium situations may provide added insights into host-parasite systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WilliamsChagtaiAlcaideGermanetal.2015,
  author    = {Williams, Richard D. and Chagtai, Tasnim and Alcaide-German, Marisa and Apps, John and Wegert, Jenny and Popov, Sergey and Vujanic, Gordan and Van Tinteren, Harm and Van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M and Kool, Marcel and De Kraker, Jan and Gisselsson, David and Graf, Norbert and Gessler, Manfred and Pritchard-Jones, Kathy},
  title     = {Multiple mechanisms of MYCN dysregulation in Wilms tumour},
  series = {Oncotarget},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Oncotarget},
  number    = {9},
  doi       = {10.18632/oncotarget.3377},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-143471},
  pages     = {7232-7243},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Genomic gain of the proto-oncogene transcription factor gene MYCN is associated with poor prognosis in several childhood cancers. Here we present a comprehensive copy number analysis of MYCN in Wilms tumour (WT), demonstrating that gain of this gene is associated with anaplasia and with poorer relapse-free and overall survival, independent of histology. Using whole exome and gene-specific sequencing, together with methylation and expression profiling, we show that MYCN is targeted by other mechanisms, including a recurrent somatic mutation, P44L, and specific DNA hypomethylation events associated with MYCN overexpression in tumours with high risk histologies. We describe parallel evolution of genomic copy number gain and point mutation of MYCN in the contralateral tumours of a remarkable bilateral case in which independent contralateral mutations of TP53 also evolve over time. We report a second bilateral case in which MYCN gain is a germline aberration. Our results suggest a significant role for MYCN dysregulation in the molecular biology of Wilms tumour. We conclude that MYCN gain is prognostically significant, and suggest that the novel P44L somatic variant is likely to be an activating mutation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OttilieRaulfBarnekowetal.1992,
  author    = {Ottilie, S. and Raulf, F. and Barnekow, A. and Hannig, G. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Multiple src-related kinase genes, srk1-4, in the fresh water sponge Spongilla lacustris},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80282},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {In one of the simplest metazoan organisms, the sponge Spongilla lacustris, at least four different src-related kin ase genes (srkl-4) are expressed, aD of which show a high degree of similarity to the c-src genes of vertebrates. Whereas srk2 and srk3 are c1early unrelated at the nucleic acid level, srkl and srk4 share identical sequences in the 5' parts of their cDNAs. The cloning of several primer extension clones and genomic polymerase chain re action experiments confirmed the hypo thesis of an alternative splicing of tandemly arranged carboxyterminal parts of srkl and srk4. The genomic sequence encoding both proteins was found to be interrupted at the splice point by an intron which is located in the same position as one of the introns in the chicken src gene, which is the only gene conserved in invertebrates and vertebrates. All four srk genes are expressed in adult sponges as mRNA transcripts of about 2.2 kb. Tyrosine kin ase activity of a src-related kin ase could be detected in adult sponges but not in their resting form (gemmulae), and may reflect the activity of the srk protein products. Spongilla lacustris is the simplest organism from which a pro tein tyrosine kinase gene has been isolated. The presence of at least four such genes in the evolutionary ancient and primitive phylum Porifera suggests that tyrosine kinase genes arose concomitantly with or shortly after the appearance of multicellular organisms and that their activity may be involved in aggregation and cell-cell recognition.},
  subject      = {Spongilla lacustris},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HeisswolfPoethkeObermaier2006,
  author    = {Heisswolf, Annette and Poethke, Hans-Joachim and Obermaier, Elisabeth},
  title     = {Multitrophic influences on oviposition site selection in a specialized leaf beetle at multiple spatial scales},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47738},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Egg distribution in herbivorous beetles can be affected by bottom-up (host plant), and by top-down factors (parasitoids and predators), as well as by other habitat parameters. The importance of bottom-up and top-down effects may change with spatial scale. In this study, we investigated the influence of host plant factors and habitat structure on egg distribution in the leaf beetle Cassida canaliculata Laich. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a monophagous herbivore on Salvia pratensis L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), on four spatial scales: individual host plant, microhabitat, macrohabitat, and landscape. At the individual host plant scale we studied the correlation between egg clutch incidence and plant size and quality. On all other scales we analyzed the relationship between the egg clutch incidence of C. canaliculata and host plant percentage cover, host plant density, and the surrounding vegetation structure. Vegetation structure was examined as herbivores might escape egg parasitism by depositing their eggs on sites with vegetation factors unfavorable for host searching parasitoids. The probability that egg clutches of C. canaliculata were present increased with an increasing size, percentage cover, and density of the host plant on three of the four spatial scales: individual host plant, microhabitat, and macrohabitat. There was no correlation between vegetation structure and egg clutch occurrence or parasitism on any spatial scale. A high percentage of egg clutches (38-56\%) was parasitized by Foersterella reptans Nees (Hymenoptera: Tetracampidae), the only egg parasitoid, but there was no relationship between egg parasitism and the spatial distribution of egg clutches of C. canaliculata on any of the spatial scales investigated. However, we also discuss results from a further study, which revealed top-down effects on the larval stage.},
  subject      = {Eiablage},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeigelMeyerSebald1989,
  author    = {Weigel, U. and Meyer, M. and Sebald, Walter},
  title     = {Mutant proteins of human interleukin 2. Renaturation yield, proliferative activity and receptor binding},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62543},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Biochemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeisschuhMayerStrometal.2016,
  author    = {Weisschuh, Nicole and Mayer, Anja K. and Strom, Tim M. and Kohl, Susanne and Gl{\"o}ckle, Nicola and Schubach, Max and Andreasson, Sten and Bernd, Antje and Birch, David G. and Hamel, Christian P. and Heckenlively, John R. and Jacobson, Samuel G. and Kamme, Christina and Kellner, Ulrich and Kunstmann, Erdmute and Maffei, Pietro and Reiff, Charlotte M. and Rohrschneider, Klaus and Rosenberg, Thomas and Rudolph, G{\"u}nther and V{\´a}mos, Rita and Vars{\´a}nyi, Bal{\´a}zs and Weleber, Richard G. and Wissinger, Bernd},
  title     = {Mutation Detection in Patients with Retinal Dystrophies Using Targeted Next Generation Sequencing},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0145951},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-167398},
  pages     = {e0145951},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Retinal dystrophies (RD) constitute a group of blinding diseases that are characterized by clinical variability and pronounced genetic heterogeneity. The different nonsyndromic and syndromic forms of RD can be attributed to mutations in more than 200 genes. Consequently, next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are among the most promising approaches to identify mutations in RD. We screened a large cohort of patients comprising 89 independent cases and families with various subforms of RD applying different NGS platforms. While mutation screening in 50 cases was performed using a RD gene capture panel, 47 cases were analyzed using whole exome sequencing. One family was analyzed using whole genome sequencing. A detection rate of 61\% was achieved including mutations in 34 known and two novel RD genes. A total of 69 distinct mutations were identified, including 39 novel mutations. Notably, genetic findings in several families were not consistent with the initial clinical diagnosis. Clinical reassessment resulted in refinement of the clinical diagnosis in some of these families and confirmed the broad clinical spectrum associated with mutations in RD genes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DandekarTollervey1992,
  author    = {Dandekar, Thomas and Tollervey, David},
  title     = {Mutational analysis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe U4 snRNA by plasmid exchange},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-29969},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElkonLoayzaPuchKorkmazetal.2015,
  author    = {Elkon, Ran and Loayza-Puch, Fabricio and Korkmaz, Gozde and Lopes, Rui and van Breugel, Pieter C and Bleijerveld, Onno B and Altelaar, AF Maarten and Wolf, Elmar and Lorenzin, Francesca and Eilers, Martin and Agami, Reuven},
  title     = {Myc coordinates transcription and translation to enhance transformation and suppress invasiveness},
  series = {EMBO reports},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {EMBO reports},
  number    = {12},
  doi       = {10.15252/embr.201540717},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-150373},
  pages     = {1723-1736},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {c-Myc is one of the major human proto-oncogenes and is often associated with tumor aggression and poor clinical outcome. Paradoxically, Myc was also reported as a suppressor of cell motility, invasiveness, and metastasis. Among the direct targets of Myc are many components of the protein synthesis machinery whose induction results in an overall increase in protein synthesis that empowers tumor cell growth. At present, it is largely unknown whether beyond the global enhancement of protein synthesis, Myc activation results in translation modulation of specific genes. Here, we measured Myc-induced global changes in gene expression at the transcription, translation, and protein levels and uncovered extensive transcript-specific regulation of protein translation. Particularly, we detected a broad coordination between regulation of transcription and translation upon modulation of Myc activity and showed the connection of these responses to mTOR signaling to enhance oncogenic transformation and to the TGFβ pathway to modulate cell migration and invasiveness. Our results elucidate novel facets of Myc-induced cellular responses and provide a more comprehensive view of the consequences of its activation in cancer cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MartinSchlosserFurtwaengleretal.2021,
  author    = {Mart{\´i}n, Ovidio Jim{\´e}nez and Schlosser, Andreas and Furtw{\"a}ngler, Rhoikos and Wegert, Jenny and Gessler, Manfred},
  title     = {MYCN and MAX alterations in Wilms tumor and identification of novel N-MYC interaction partners as biomarker candidates},
  series = {Cancer Cell International},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Cancer Cell International},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12935-021-02259-2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265542},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common renal tumor in childhood. Among others, MYCN copy number gain and MYCN P44L and MAX R60Q mutations have been identified in WT. MYCN encodes a transcription factor that requires dimerization with MAX to activate transcription of numerous target genes. MYCN gain has been associated with adverse prognosis in different childhood tumors including WT. The MYCN P44L and MAX R60Q mutations, located in either the transactivating or basic helix-loop-helix domain, respectively, are predicted to be damaging by different pathogenicity prediction tools, but the functional consequences remain to be characterized. Methods We screened a large cohort of unselected WTs for MYCN and MAX alterations. Wild-type and mutant protein function were characterized biochemically, and we analyzed the N-MYC protein interactome by mass spectrometric analysis of N-MYC containing protein complexes. Results Mutation screening revealed mutation frequencies of 3\% for MYCN P44L and 0.9\% for MAX R60Q that are associated with a higher risk of relapse. Biochemical characterization identified a reduced transcriptional activation potential for MAX R60Q, while the MYCN P44L mutation did not change activation potential or protein stability. The protein interactome of N-MYC-P44L was likewise not altered as shown by mass spectrometric analyses of purified N-MYC complexes. Nevertheless, we could identify a number of novel N-MYC partner proteins, e.g. PEG10, YEATS2, FOXK1, CBLL1 and MCRS1, whose expression is correlated with MYCN in WT samples and several of these are known for their own oncogenic potential. Conclusions The strongly elevated risk of relapse associated with mutant MYCN and MAX or elevated MYCN expression corroborates their role in WT oncogenesis. Together with the newly identified co-expressed interactors they expand the range of potential biomarkers for WT stratification and targeting, especially for high-risk WT.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BohnertWirthSchmitzetal.2021,
  author    = {Bohnert, Simone and Wirth, Christoph and Schmitz, Werner and Trella, Stefanie and Monoranu, Camelia-Maria and Ondruschka, Benjamin and Bohnert, Michael},
  title     = {Myelin basic protein and neurofilament H in postmortem cerebrospinal fluid as surrogate markers of fatal traumatic brain injury},
  series = {International Journal of Legal Medicine},
  volume    = {135},
  journal   = {International Journal of Legal Medicine},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {1437-1596},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00414-021-02606-y},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-266929},
  pages     = {1525-1535},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The aim of this study was to investigate if the biomarkers myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilament-H (NF-H) yielded informative value in forensic diagnostics when examining cadaveric cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemically via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and comparing the corresponding brain tissue in fatal traumatic brain injury (TBI) autopsy cases by immunocytochemistry versus immunohistochemistry. In 21 trauma and 19 control cases, CSF was collected semi-sterile after suboccipital puncture and brain specimens after preparation. The CSF MBP (p = 0.006) and NF-H (p = 0.0002) levels after TBI were significantly higher than those in cardiovascular controls. Immunohistochemical staining against MBP and against NF-H was performed on cortical and subcortical samples from also biochemically investigated cases (5 TBI cases/5 controls). Compared to the controls, the TBI cases showed a visually reduced staining reaction against MBP or repeatedly ruptured neurofilaments against NF-H. Immunocytochemical tests showed MBP-positive phagocytizing macrophages in CSF with a survival time of > 24 h. In addition, numerous TMEM119-positive microglia could be detected with different degrees of staining intensity in the CSF of trauma cases. As a result, we were able to document that elevated levels of MBP and NF-H in the CSF should be considered as useful neuroinjury biomarkers of traumatic brain injury.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Hovestadt1990,
  author    = {Hovestadt, Thomas},
  title     = {M{\"o}glichkeiten und Kriterien f{\"u}r die Bestimmung von Minimalarealen von Tierpopulationen und {\"O}kosystembest{\"a}nden},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-30150},
  year      = {1990},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SebaldMachleidtWachter1980,
  author    = {Sebald, Walter and Machleidt, Werner and Wachter, Elmar},
  title     = {N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide binds specifically to a single glutamyl residue of the proteolipid subunit of the mitochondrial adenosinetriphosphatases from Neurospora crassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47394},
  year      = {1980},
  abstract  = {T~e N,N'-dicrclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteolipid subumt of the mitochondrial adenosinetriphosphatases (ATP phosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.3) of Neurosporacrassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were purified from mitochondria incubated with the radioactively labeled inhibitor. The specifically labeled subunit was cleaved with cyanogen bromide and N-bromosuccinimide, and the resultant fragments were separated by gel chromatography in the presence of 80\% (vol/vol) formic acid. The N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide label was recovered in each organism exclusively in a 17-residue fragment. Further analysis by automated solid-phase Edman degrada.ti.on revealed tha~ the bound label was present at only one positIOn, correspondmg to a glutamyl residue. The NN'~ icyc~ohexyl~a~bodiiJ?1~de-'!l0dified glutamyl residue is the ~nly Id~ntIcal aCidic posItIon m both proteins and occurs in the middle of a hydrophobic sequence of about 25 residues.},
  subject      = {Dicyclohexylcarbodiimid},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HartelGloggerJonesetal.2016,
  author    = {Hartel, Andreas J.W. and Glogger, Marius and Jones, Nicola G. and Abuillan, Wasim and Batram, Christopher and Hermann, Anne and Fenz, Susanne F. and Tanaka, Motomu and Engstler, Markus},
  title     = {N-glycosylation enables high lateral mobility of GPI-anchored proteins at a molecular crowding threshold},
  series = {Nature Communications},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Nature Communications},
  doi       = {10.1038/ncomms12870},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-171368},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The protein density in biological membranes can be extraordinarily high, but the impact of molecular crowding on the diffusion of membrane proteins has not been studied systematically in a natural system. The diversity of the membrane proteome of most cells may preclude systematic studies. African trypanosomes, however, feature a uniform surface coat that is dominated by a single type of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG). Here we study the density-dependence of the diffusion of different glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored VSG-types on living cells and in artificial membranes. Our results suggest that a specific molecular crowding threshold (MCT) limits diffusion and hence affects protein function. Obstacles in the form of heterologous proteins compromise the diffusion coefficient and the MCT. The trypanosome VSG-coat operates very close to its MCT. Importantly, our experiments show that N-linked glycans act as molecular insulators that reduce retarding intermolecular interactions allowing membrane proteins to function correctly even when densely packed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HempelmannHartlebvanStraatenetal.2021,
  author    = {Hempelmann, Alexander and Hartleb, Laura and van Straaten, Monique and Hashemi, Hamidreza and Zeelen, Johan P. and Bongers, Kevin and Papavasiliou, F. Nina and Engstler, Markus and Stebbins, C. Erec and Jones, Nicola G.},
  title     = {Nanobody-mediated macromolecular crowding induces membrane fission and remodeling in the African trypanosome},
  series = {Cell Reports},
  volume    = {37},
  journal   = {Cell Reports},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109923},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-270285},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The dense variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat of African trypanosomes represents the primary host-pathogen interface. Antigenic variation prevents clearing of the pathogen by employing a large repertoire of antigenically distinct VSG genes, thus neutralizing the host's antibody response. To explore the epitope space of VSGs, we generate anti-VSG nanobodies and combine high-resolution structural analysis of VSG-nanobody complexes with binding assays on living cells, revealing that these camelid antibodies bind deeply inside the coat. One nanobody causes rapid loss of cellular motility, possibly due to blockage of VSG mobility on the coat, whose rapid endocytosis and exocytosis are mechanistically linked to Trypanosoma brucei propulsion and whose density is required for survival. Electron microscopy studies demonstrate that this loss of motility is accompanied by rapid formation and shedding of nanovesicles and nanotubes, suggesting that increased protein crowding on the dense membrane can be a driving force for membrane fission in living cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BencurovaShityakovSchaacketal.2022,
  author    = {Bencurova, Elena and Shityakov, Sergey and Schaack, Dominik and Kaltdorf, Martin and Sarukhanyan, Edita and Hilgarth, Alexander and Rath, Christin and Montenegro, Sergio and Roth, G{\"u}nter and Lopez, Daniel and Dandekar, Thomas},
  title     = {Nanocellulose composites as smart devices with chassis, light-directed DNA Storage, engineered electronic properties, and chip integration},
  series = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology},
  issn      = {2296-4185},
  doi       = {10.3389/fbioe.2022.869111},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-283033},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The rapid development of green and sustainable materials opens up new possibilities in the field of applied research. Such materials include nanocellulose composites that can integrate many components into composites and provide a good chassis for smart devices. In our study, we evaluate four approaches for turning a nanocellulose composite into an information storage or processing device: 1) nanocellulose can be a suitable carrier material and protect information stored in DNA. 2) Nucleotide-processing enzymes (polymerase and exonuclease) can be controlled by light after fusing them with light-gating domains; nucleotide substrate specificity can be changed by mutation or pH change (read-in and read-out of the information). 3) Semiconductors and electronic capabilities can be achieved: we show that nanocellulose is rendered electronic by iodine treatment replacing silicon including microstructures. Nanocellulose semiconductor properties are measured, and the resulting potential including single-electron transistors (SET) and their properties are modeled. Electric current can also be transported by DNA through G-quadruplex DNA molecules; these as well as classical silicon semiconductors can easily be integrated into the nanocellulose composite. 4) To elaborate upon miniaturization and integration for a smart nanocellulose chip device, we demonstrate pH-sensitive dyes in nanocellulose, nanopore creation, and kinase micropatterning on bacterial membranes as well as digital PCR micro-wells. Future application potential includes nano-3D printing and fast molecular processors (e.g., SETs) integrated with DNA storage and conventional electronics. This would also lead to environment-friendly nanocellulose chips for information processing as well as smart nanocellulose composites for biomedical applications and nano-factories.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoetzKunzFinketal.2020,
  author    = {G{\"o}tz, Ralph and Kunz, Tobias C. and Fink, Julian and Solger, Franziska and Schlegel, Jan and Seibel, J{\"u}rgen and Kozjak-Pavlovic, Vera and Rudel, Thomas and Sauer, Markus},
  title     = {Nanoscale imaging of bacterial infections by sphingolipid expansion microscopy},
  series = {Nature Communications},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Nature Communications},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41467-020-19897-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231248},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Expansion microscopy (ExM) enables super-resolution imaging of proteins and nucleic acids on conventional microscopes. However, imaging of details of the organization of lipid bilayers by light microscopy remains challenging. We introduce an unnatural short-chain azide- and amino-modified sphingolipid ceramide, which upon incorporation into membranes can be labeled by click chemistry and linked into hydrogels, followed by 4x to 10x expansion. Confocal and structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enable imaging of sphingolipids and their interactions with proteins in the plasma membrane and membrane of intracellular organelles with a spatial resolution of 10-20nm. As our functionalized sphingolipids accumulate efficiently in pathogens, we use sphingolipid ExM to investigate bacterial infections of human HeLa229 cells by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Simkania negevensis with a resolution so far only provided by electron microscopy. In particular, sphingolipid ExM allows us to visualize the inner and outer membrane of intracellular bacteria and determine their distance to 27.6 +/- 7.7nm. Imaging of lipid bilayers using light microscopy is challenging. Here the authors label cells using a short chain click-compatible ceramide to visualize mammalian and bacterial membranes with expansion microscopy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DiersWagnerBaumetal.2019,
  author    = {Diers, J. and Wagner, J. and Baum, P. and Lichthardt, S. and Kastner, C. and Matthes, N. and L{\"o}b, S. and Matthes, H. and Germer, C.-T. and Wiegering, A.},
  title     = {Nationwide in-hospital mortality following colonic cancer resection according to hospital volume in Germany},
  series = {BJS Open},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {BJS Open},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1002/bjs5.50173},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-204385},
  pages     = {672-677},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Background: Colonic cancer is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to determine mortality rates following colonic cancer resection and the effect of hospital caseload on in-hospital mortality in Germany. Methods: Patients admitted with a diagnosis of colonic cancer undergoing colonic resection from 2012 to 2015 were identifed from a nationwide registry using procedure codes. The outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Hospitals were ranked according to their caseload for colonic cancer resection, and patients were categorized into five subgroups on the basis of hospital volume. Results: Some 129 196 colonic cancer resections were reviewed. The overall in-house mortality rate was 5⋅8 per cent, ranging from 6⋅9 per cent (1775 of 25 657 patients) in very low-volume hospitals to 4⋅8 per cent (1239 of 25 825) in very high-volume centres (P < 0⋅001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis the risk-adjusted odds ratio for in-house mortality was 0⋅75 (95 per cent c.i. 0⋅66 to 0⋅84) in very high-volume hospitals performing a mean of 85⋅0 interventions per year, compared with that in very low-volume hospitals performing a mean of only 12⋅7 interventions annually, after adjustment for sex, age, co-morbidity, emergency procedures, prolonged mechanical ventilation and transfusion. Conclusion: In Germany, patients undergoing colonic cancer resections in high-volume hospitals had with improved outcomes compared with patients treated in low-volume hospitals},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DiersWagnerBaumetal.2020,
  author    = {Diers, J. and Wagner, J. and Baum, P. and Lichthardt, S. and Kastner, C. and Matthes, N. and Matthes, H. and Germer, C.-T. and L{\"o}b, S. and Wiegering, A.},
  title     = {Nationwide in-hospital mortality rate following rectal resection for rectal cancer according to annual hospital volume in Germany},
  series = {BJS Open},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {BJS Open},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1002/bjs5.50254},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-212878},
  pages     = {310 -- 319},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background The impact of hospital volume after rectal cancer surgery is seldom investigated. This study aimed to analyse the impact of annual rectal cancer surgery cases per hospital on postoperative mortality and failure to rescue. Methods All patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and who had a rectal resection procedure code from 2012 to 2015 were identified from nationwide administrative hospital data. Hospitals were grouped into five quintiles according to caseload. The absolute number of patients, postoperative deaths and failure to rescue (defined as in-hospital mortality after a documented postoperative complication) for severe postoperative complications were determined. Results Some 64 349 patients were identified. The overall in-house mortality rate was 3·9 per cent. The crude in-hospital mortality rate ranged from 5·3 per cent in very low-volume hospitals to 2·6 per cent in very high-volume centres, with a distinct trend between volume categories (P < 0·001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis using hospital volume as random effect, very high-volume hospitals (53 interventions/year) had a risk-adjusted odds ratio of 0·58 (95 per cent c.i. 0·47 to 0·73), compared with the baseline in-house mortality rate in very low-volume hospitals (6 interventions per year) (P < 0·001). The overall postoperative complication rate was comparable between different volume quintiles, but failure to rescue decreased significantly with increasing caseload (15·6 per cent after pulmonary embolism in the highest volume quintile versus 38 per cent in the lowest quintile; P = 0·010). Conclusion Patients who had rectal cancer surgery in high-volume hospitals showed better outcomes and reduced failure to rescue rates for severe complications than those treated in low-volume hospitals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrankeTrendelenburgScheer1973,
  author    = {Franke, Werner W. and Trendelenburg, Michael F. and Scheer, Ulrich},
  title     = {Natural segregation of nucleolar components in the course of plant cell differentiation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-32182},
  year      = {1973},
  abstract  = {Segregation of the nucleolar components is described in the differentiated nucleus of the generative cell in the growing Clivia and Lilium pollen tubes. This finding of a natural nucleolar segregation is discussed against the background of current views of the correlations of nucleolar morphology and transcriptional activity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZhuShabalaCuinetal.2016,
  author    = {Zhu, Min and Shabala, Lana and Cuin, Tracey A and Huang, Xin and Zhou, Meixue and Munns, Rana and Shabala, Sergey},
  title     = {Nax loci affect SOS1-like Na\(^{+}\)/H\(^{+}\) exchanger expression and activity in wheat},
  series = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
  volume    = {67},
  journal   = {Journal of Experimental Botany},
  number    = {3},
  doi       = {10.1093/jxb/erv493},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-150236},
  pages     = {835-844},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Salinity stress tolerance in durum wheat is strongly associated with a plant's ability to control Na\(^{+}\) delivery to the shoot. Two loci, termed Nax1 and Nax2, were recently identified as being critical for this process and the sodium transporters HKT1;4 and HKT1;5 were identified as the respective candidate genes. These transporters retrieve Na\(^{+}\) from the xylem, thus limiting the rates of Na\(^{+}\) transport from the root to the shoot. In this work, we show that the Nax loci also affect activity and expression levels of the SOS1-like Na\(^{+}\)/H\(^{+}\) exchanger in both root cortical and stelar tissues. Net Na\(^{+}\) efflux measured in isolated steles from salt-treated plants, using the non-invasive ion flux measuring MIFE technique, decreased in the sequence: Tamaroi (parental line)>Nax1=Nax2>Nax1:Nax2 lines. This efflux was sensitive to amiloride (a known inhibitor of the Na\(^{+}\)/H\(^{+}\) exchanger) and was mirrored by net H\(^{+}\) flux changes. TdSOS1 relative transcript levels were 6-10-fold lower in Nax lines compared with Tamaroi. Thus, it appears that Nax loci confer two highly complementary mechanisms, both of which contribute towards reducing the xylem Na\(^{+}\) content. One enhances the retrieval of Na\(^{+}\) back into the root stele via HKT1;4 or HKT1;5, whilst the other reduces the rate of Na\(^{+}\) loading into the xylem via SOS1. It is suggested that such duality plays an important adaptive role with greater versatility for responding to a changing environment and controlling Na\(^{+}\) delivery to the shoot.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KohlSteffan‐Dewenter2022,
  author    = {Kohl, Patrick L. and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf},
  title     = {Nectar robbing rather than pollinator availability constrains reproduction of a bee-flowered plant at high elevations},
  series = {Ecosphere},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Ecosphere},
  number    = {6},
  doi       = {10.1002/ecs2.4077},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-287141},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Abiotic factors are generally assumed to determine whether species can exist at the extreme ends of environmental gradients, for example, at high elevations, whereas the role of biotic interactions is less clear. On temperate mountains, insect-pollinated plant species with bilaterally symmetrical flowers exhibit a parallel elevational decline in species richness and abundance with bees. This suggests that the lack of mutualistic interaction partners sets the elevational range limits of plants via a reduction in reproductive success. We used the bee-pollinated mountain plant Clinopodium alpinum (Lamiaceae), which blooms along a continuous 1000-m elevational gradient and has bilaterally symmetrical flowers, as a model to test the predicted parallel elevational decline in flower visitation and seed production. Although the community of flower visitors changed with elevation, the flower visitation rate by the most frequent visitors, bumble bees (33.8\% of legitimate visits), and the overall rate of flower visitation by potential pollinators did not vary significantly with elevation. However, we discovered that nectar robbing by bumble bees and nectar theft by ants, two interactions with potentially negative effects on flowers, sharply increased with elevation. Seed set depended on pollinators across elevations and followed a weak hump-shaped pattern, peaking at mid-elevations and decreasing by about 20\% toward both elevational range edges. Considering the mid- and high elevations, elevational variation in seed production could not be explained by legitimate bee visitation rates but was inversely correlated with the frequency of nectar robbing. Our observations challenge the hypothesis that a decrease in the availability of pollinators limits seed production of bee-flowered plants at high elevations but suggest that an increase in negative interactions (nectar robbing and larceny) constrains reproductive success.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScheerFranke1969,
  author    = {Scheer, Ulrich and Franke, Werner W.},
  title     = {Negative staining and adenosine triphosphatase activity of annulate lamellae of newt oocytes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-32087},
  year      = {1969},
  abstract  = {Semi -iso la ted annul a te lamellae were prepared from single newt oocy tes (Triturus alpestris) by a modified Call a n-T omlin technique. Such preparations were examined with the electron mi croscope, and the negative sta ining a ppearance of th e a nnulate lamellae is described . The annul a te lamellae can be de tected either adhering to the nuclear envelope or being detached from it. Sometimes they a re obse rved to be connected with slender tubular-like structures interpreted as pa rts of the endoplasmic reti culum. The results obta ined from negativ e sta ining a re combined with those from sections. Especially, the structural data on th e a nnula te lamellae and the nuclear envelope of the very same cell were compa red . Evidence is presented th a t in the oocytes studied the two kinds of porous cisternae, n amely a nnul a te lamellae and nuclear envelope, a re markedly distinguished in that the annul a te lamellae ex hibit a much higher pore frequency (generally about twice tha t found for the corresponding nuclear envelope) and have al so a rela tive pore area occupying as much as 32 \% to 55 \% of th e cistern al surface (compa red with 13 \% to 22 \% in the nuclear envelopes). T he pore di ame ter a nd all other ultras tructural details of the pore complexes, however, a re equi valent in both kinds of porous cisternae. Like the annuli of the nuclear pore complexes of various a nimal and pl ant cells, the a nnuli of the a nnula te lamellae pores reveal al so an eightfold symmetry of their subunits in negatively stained as well as in ectioned ma teria l. Furthermore, th e a nnul a te lamellae a re shown to be a site of activity of the Mg-Na-Kstimul a ted ATPase.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RoemerRoces2014,
  author    = {R{\"o}mer, Daniela and Roces, Flavio},
  title     = {Nest Enlargement in Leaf-Cutting Ants: Relocated Brood and Fungus Trigger the Excavation of New Chambers},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0097872},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-112860},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {During colony growth, leaf-cutting ants enlarge their nests by excavating tunnels and chambers housing their fungus gardens and brood. Workers are expected to excavate new nest chambers at locations across the soil profile that offer suitable environmental conditions for brood and fungus rearing. It is an open question whether new chambers are excavated in advance, or will emerge around brood or fungus initially relocated to a suitable site in a previously-excavated tunnel. In the laboratory, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the excavation of new nest chambers in the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex lundi. Specifically, we asked whether workers relocate brood and fungus to suitable nest locations, and to what extent the relocated items trigger the excavation of a nest chamber and influence its shape. When brood and fungus were exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions, either low temperatures or low humidity, both were relocated, but ants clearly preferred to relocate the brood first. Workers relocated fungus to places containing brood, demonstrating that subsequent fungus relocation spatially follows the brood deposition. In addition, more ants aggregated at sites containing brood. When presented with a choice between two otherwise identical digging sites, but one containing brood, ants' excavation activity was higher at this site, and the shape of the excavated cavity was more rounded and chamber-like. The presence of fungus also led to the excavation of rounder shapes, with higher excavation activity at the site that also contained brood. We argue that during colony growth, workers preferentially relocate brood to suitable locations along a tunnel, and that relocated brood spatially guides fungus relocation and leads to increased digging activity around them. We suggest that nest chambers are not excavated in advance, but emerge through a self-organized process resulting from the aggregation of workers and their density-dependent digging behavior around the relocated brood and fungus.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CosarinskyRoemerRoces2020,
  author    = {Cosarinsky, Marcela I. and R{\"o}mer, Daniela and Roces, Flavio},
  title     = {Nest Turrets of Acromyrmex Grass-Cutting Ants: Micromorphology Reveals Building Techniques and Construction Dynamics},
  series = {Insects},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Insects},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2075-4450},
  doi       = {10.3390/insects11020140},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200680},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Acromyrmex fracticornis grass-cutting ants construct conspicuous chimney-shaped nest turrets made of intermeshed grass fragments. We asked whether turrets are constructed by merely piling up nearby materials around the entrance, or whether ants incorporate different materials as the turret develops. By removing the original nest turrets and following their rebuilding process over three consecutive days, age-dependent changes in wall morphology and inner lining fabrics were characterized. Micromorphological descriptions based on thin sections of turret walls revealed the building behaviors involved. Ants started by collecting nearby twigs and dry grass fragments that are piled up around the nest entrance. Several large fragments held the structure like beams. As a net-like structure grew, soil pellets were placed in between the intermeshed plant fragments from the turret base to the top, reinforcing the structure. Concomitantly, the turret inner wall was lined with soil pellets, starting from the base. Therefore, the consolidation of the turret occurred both over time and from its base upwards. It is argued that nest turrets do not simply arise by the arbitrary deposition of nearby materials, and that workers selectively incorporate large materials at the beginning, and respond to the developing structure by reinforcing the intermeshed plant fragments over time.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeetzHechavarria2022,
  author    = {Beetz, M. Jerome and Hechavarr{\´i}a, Julio C.},
  title     = {Neural processing of naturalistic echolocation signals in bats},
  series = {Frontiers in Neural Circuits},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Neural Circuits},
  issn      = {1662-5110},
  doi       = {10.3389/fncir.2022.899370},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-274605},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Echolocation behavior, a navigation strategy based on acoustic signals, allows scientists to explore neural processing of behaviorally relevant stimuli. For the purpose of orientation, bats broadcast echolocation calls and extract spatial information from the echoes. Because bats control call emission and thus the availability of spatial information, the behavioral relevance of these signals is undiscussable. While most neurophysiological studies, conducted in the past, used synthesized acoustic stimuli that mimic portions of the echolocation signals, recent progress has been made to understand how naturalistic echolocation signals are encoded in the bat brain. Here, we review how does stimulus history affect neural processing, how spatial information from multiple objects and how echolocation signals embedded in a naturalistic, noisy environment are processed in the bat brain. We end our review by discussing the huge potential that state-of-the-art recording techniques provide to gain a more complete picture on the neuroethology of echolocation behavior.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeetzKrauselJundi2023,
  author    = {Beetz, M. Jerome and Kraus, Christian and el Jundi, Basil},
  title     = {Neural representation of goal direction in the monarch butterfly brain},
  series = {Nature Communications},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Nature Communications},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41467-023-41526-w},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-358073},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Neural processing of a desired moving direction requires the continuous comparison between the current heading and the goal direction. While the neural basis underlying the current heading is well-studied, the coding of the goal direction remains unclear in insects. Here, we used tetrode recordings in tethered flying monarch butterflies to unravel how a goal direction is represented in the insect brain. While recording, the butterflies maintained robust goal directions relative to a virtual sun. By resetting their goal directions, we found neurons whose spatial tuning was tightly linked to the goal directions. Importantly, their tuning was unaffected when the butterflies changed their heading after compass perturbations, showing that these neurons specifically encode the goal direction. Overall, we here discovered invertebrate goal-direction neurons that share functional similarities to goal-direction cells reported in mammals. Our results give insights into the evolutionarily conserved principles of goal-directed spatial orientation in animals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HensgenEnglandHombergetal.2021,
  author    = {Hensgen, Ronja and England, Laura and Homberg, Uwe and Pfeiffer, Keram},
  title     = {Neuroarchitecture of the central complex in the brain of the honeybee: Neuronal cell types},
  series = {Journal of Comparative Neurology},
  volume    = {529},
  journal   = {Journal of Comparative Neurology},
  doi       = {10.1002/cne.24941},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-215566},
  pages     = {159-186},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The central complex (CX) in the insect brain is a higher order integration center that controls a number of behaviors, most prominently goal directed locomotion. The CX comprises the protocerebral bridge (PB), the upper division of the central body (CBU), the lower division of the central body (CBL), and the paired noduli (NO). Although spatial orientation has been extensively studied in honeybees at the behavioral level, most electrophysiological and anatomical analyses have been carried out in other insect species, leaving the morphology and physiology of neurons that constitute the CX in the honeybee mostly enigmatic. The goal of this study was to morphologically identify neuronal cell types of the CX in the honeybee Apis mellifera. By performing iontophoretic dye injections into the CX, we traced 16 subtypes of neuron that connect a subdivision of the CX with other regions in the bee's central brain, and eight subtypes that mainly interconnect different subdivisions of the CX. They establish extensive connections between the CX and the lateral complex, the superior protocerebrum and the posterior protocerebrum. Characterized neuron classes and subtypes are morphologically similar to those described in other insects, suggesting considerable conservation in the neural network relevant for orientation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YadavSelvarajBenderetal.2016,
  author    = {Yadav, Preeti and Selvaraj, Bhuvaneish T. and Bender, Florian L. P. and Behringer, Marcus and Moradi, Mehri and Sivadasan, Rajeeve and Dombert, Benjamin and Blum, Robert and Asan, Esther and Sauer, Markus and Julien, Jean-Pierre and Sendtner, Michael},
  title     = {Neurofilament depletion improves microtubule dynamics via modulation of Stat3/stathmin signaling},
  series = {Acta Neuropathologica},
  volume    = {132},
  journal   = {Acta Neuropathologica},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00401-016-1564-y},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-188234},
  pages     = {93-110},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In neurons, microtubules form a dense array within axons, and the stability and function of this microtubule network is modulated by neurofilaments. Accumulation of neurofilaments has been observed in several forms of neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanisms how elevated neurofilament levels destabilize axons are unknown so far. Here, we show that increased neurofilament expression in motor nerves of pmn mutant mice, a model of motoneuron disease, causes disturbed microtubule dynamics. The disease is caused by a point mutation in the tubulin-specific chaperone E (Tbce) gene, leading to an exchange of the most C-terminal amino acid tryptophan to glycine. As a consequence, the TBCE protein becomes instable which then results in destabilization of axonal microtubules and defects in axonal transport, in particular in motoneurons. Depletion of neurofilament increases the number and regrowth of microtubules in pmn mutant motoneurons and restores axon elongation. This effect is mediated by interaction of neurofilament with the stathmin complex. Accumulating neurofilaments associate with stathmin in axons of pmn mutant motoneurons. Depletion of neurofilament by Nefl knockout increases Stat3-stathmin interaction and stabilizes the microtubules in pmn mutant motoneurons. Consequently, counteracting enhanced neurofilament expression improves axonal maintenance and prolongs survival of pmn mutant mice. We propose that this mechanism could also be relevant for other neurodegenerative diseases in which neurofilament accumulation and loss of microtubules are prominent features.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HabensteinThammRoessler2021,
  author    = {Habenstein, Jens and Thamm, Markus and R{\"o}ssler, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Neuropeptides as potential modulators of behavioral transitions in the ant Cataglyphis nodus},
  series = {Journal of Comparative Neurology},
  volume    = {529},
  journal   = {Journal of Comparative Neurology},
  number    = {12},
  doi       = {10.1002/cne.25166},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244751},
  pages     = {3155 -- 3170},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Age-related behavioral plasticity is a major prerequisite for the ecological success of insect societies. Although ecological aspects of behavioral flexibility have been targeted in many studies, the underlying intrinsic mechanisms controlling the diverse changes in behavior along the individual life history of social insects are not completely understood. Recently, the neuropeptides allatostatin-A, corazonin, and tachykinin have been associated with the regulation of behavioral transitions in social insects. Here, we investigated changes in brain localization and expression of these neuropeptides following major behavioral transitions in Cataglyphis nodus ants. Our immunohistochemical analyses in the brain revealed that the overall branching pattern of neurons immunoreactive (ir) for the three neuropeptides is largely independent of the behavioral stages. Numerous allatostatin-A- and tachykinin-ir neurons innervate primary sensory neuropils and high-order integration centers of the brain. In contrast, the number of corazonergic neurons is restricted to only four neurons per brain hemisphere with cell bodies located in the pars lateralis and axons extending to the medial protocerebrum and the retrocerebral complex. Most interestingly, the cell-body volumes of these neurons are significantly increased in foragers compared to freshly eclosed ants and interior workers. Quantification of mRNA expression levels revealed a stage-related change in the expression of allatostatin-A and corazonin mRNA in the brain. Given the presence of the neuropeptides in major control centers of the brain and the neurohemal organs, these mRNA-changes strongly suggest an important modulatory role of both neuropeptides in the behavioral maturation of Cataglyphis ants.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RoesingSalvadorGuentzeletal.2020,
  author    = {R{\"o}sing, Nils and Salvador, Ellaine and G{\"u}ntzel, Paul and Kempe, Christoph and Burek, Malgorzata and Holzgrabe, Ulrike and Soukhoroukov, Vladimir and Wunder, Christian and F{\"o}rster, Carola},
  title     = {Neuroprotective Effects of Isosteviol Sodium in Murine Brain Capillary Cerebellar Endothelial Cells (cerebEND) After Hypoxia},
  series = {Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience},
  issn      = {1662-5102},
  doi       = {10.3389/fncel.2020.573950},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-215013},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It damages neurons and other supporting cellular elements in the brain. However, the impairment is not only confined to the region of assault but the surrounding area as well. Besides, it also brings about damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which in turn leads to microvascular failure and edema. Hence, this necessitates an on-going, continuous search for intervention strategies and effective treatment. Of late, the natural sweetener stevioside proved to exhibit neuroprotective effects and therapeutic benefits against cerebral ischemia-induced injury. Its injectable formulation, isosteviol sodium (STVNA) also demonstrated favorable results. Nonetheless, its effects on the BBB have not yet been investigated to date. As such, this present study was designed to assess the effects of STVNA in our in vitro stroke model of the BBB.The integrity and permeability of the BBB are governed and maintained by tight junction proteins (TJPs) such as claudin-5 and occludin. Our data show increased claudin-5 and occludin expression in oxygen and glucose (OGD)-deprived murine brain capillary cerebellar endothelial cells (cerebEND) after STVNa treatment. Likewise, the upregulation of the transmembrane protein integrin-αv was also observed. Finally, cell volume was reduced with the simultaneous administration of STVNA and OGD in cerebEND cells. In neuropathologies such as stroke, the failure of cell volume control is a major feature leading to loss of cells in the penumbra as well as adverse outcomes. Our initial findings, therefore, point to the neuroprotective effects of STVNA at the BBB in vitro, which warrant further investigation for a possible future clinical intervention.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GoetzKoesterWinkleretal.1994,
  author    = {G{\"o}tz, Rudolf and K{\"o}ster, Reinhard and Winkler, Christoph and Raulf, Friedrich and Lottspeich, Friedrich and Schartl, Manfred and Thoenen, Hans},
  title     = {Neurotrophin-6 is a new member of the nerve growth factor family},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61544},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {DURING vertebrale development, many neurons depend for survival and differentiation on their target cells\(^{1-3}\). The best documented mediator of such a retrograde trophic action is the neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF)\(^1\). NGF and the other known members of tbe neurotrophin family, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT -3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT -4/5) are conserved as distinct genes over large evolutionary distances\(^{4 -6}\). Here we report the cloning of neurotrophin-6 (NT -6), a new member of this family from the teleost fish Xiphophorus. NT -6 distinguishes itself from the other known neurotrophins in that it is not found as a soluble protein in the medium of producing cells. The addition of heparin (but not chondroitin) effects the release of NT -6 from cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules. Recombinant purified NT -6 has a spectrum of actions similar to NGF on chick sympathetic and sensory neurons, albeit with a lower potency. NT -6 is expressed in tbe embryonie valvulla cerebelli; expression persists in some adult tissues. The interaction of NT-6 with heparin-binding molecuJes may modulate its action in the nervous system .},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DeLiraRamanSchulzeetal.2020,
  author    = {De Lira, Maria Nathalia and Raman, Sudha Janaki and Schulze, Almut and Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle and Avota, Elita},
  title     = {Neutral Sphingomyelinase-2 (NSM 2) Controls T Cell Metabolic Homeostasis and Reprogramming During Activation},
  series = {Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences},
  issn      = {2296-889X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fmolb.2020.00217},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-211311},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (NSM2) is a member of a superfamily of enzymes responsible for conversion of sphingomyelin into phosphocholine and ceramide at the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. Upon specific ablation of NSM2, T cells proved to be hyper-responsive to CD3/CD28 co-stimulation, indicating that the enzyme acts to dampen early overshooting activation of these cells. It remained unclear whether hyper-reactivity of NSM2-deficient T cells is supported by a deregulated metabolic activity in these cells. Here, we demonstrate that ablation of NSM2 activity affects metabolism of the quiescent CD4\(^+\) T cells which accumulate ATP in mitochondria and increase basal glycolytic activity. This supports enhanced production of total ATP and metabolic switch early after TCR/CD28 stimulation. Most interestingly, increased metabolic activity in resting NSM2-deficient T cells does not support sustained response upon stimulation. While elevated under steady-state conditions in NSM2-deficient CD4\(^+\) T cells, the mTORC1 pathway regulating mitochondria size, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production is impaired after 24 h of stimulation. Taken together, the absence of NSM2 promotes a hyperactive metabolic state in unstimulated CD4\(^+\) T cells yet fails to support sustained T cell responses upon antigenic stimulation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ReuschArnoldHeusseretal.1994,
  author    = {Reusch, P. and Arnold, S. and Heusser, C. and Wagner, K. and Weston, B. and Sebald, Walter},
  title     = {Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies define two different functional sites in human interleukin-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62418},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {Human interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a small four-helix-bundle protein which is essential for organizing defense reactions against macroparasites, in particular helminths. Human IL-4 also appears to exert a pathophysiological role during various IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Seven different monoclonal antibodies neutralizing the activity of human IL-4 were studied in order to identify functionally important epitopes. A collection of 41 purified IL-4 variants was used to analyse how defined amino acid replacements affect binding affinity for each individual mAb. Specific amino acid positions could be assigned to four different epitopes. mAbs recognizing epitopes on helix A and/or C interfered with IL-4 receptor binding and thus inhibited IL-4 function. However, other mAbs also inhibiting IL-4 function recognized an epitope on helix D of IL-4 and did not inhibit IL-4 binding to the receptor protein. One mAb, recognizing N-terminal and C-terminal residues, partially competed for binding to the receptor. The results of these mAb epitope analyses confirm and extend previous data on the functional consequences of the amino acid replacements which showed that amino acid residues in helices A and C of IL-4 provide a binding site for the cloned IL-4 receptor and that a signalling site in helix D interacts with a further receptor protein.},
  subject      = {Biochemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaschwitzFialaLeeetal.1989,
  author    = {Maschwitz, Ulich and Fiala, Brigitte and Lee, Ying Fah and Chey, Vun Khen and Tan, Fui Lian},
  title     = {New and little-known myrmecophytic associations from Bornean rain forests},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42957},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {The woody climber Millettia niuewenhuisii (Fabaceae) and the shrub Myrmeconauclea strigosa (Rubiaceae) in Sabah, Borneo are associated with ants. The hollow stems of Millettia nieuwenhuisii are regularly inhabited by an aggressive Cladomyrma sp., which keeps pseudococcids inside the stem. On Myrmeconauclea strigosa the ants live in hollow internodal swellings near the end of the branches. In this plant many different ant species use the nesting space in an opportunistic manner.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaschwitzFialaDolling1987,
  author    = {Maschwitz, U. and Fiala, Brigitte and Dolling, W. R.},
  title     = {New trophobiotic symbioses of ants with South East Asian bugs},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-34030},
  year      = {1987},
  abstract  = {A trophobiotic relationship between two species of phloem-feeding plataspid bugs and an ant, Meranoplus mucronatus, was discovered on tree trunks in Malaysia. Similar relationships were found between coreid bugs and Crematogaster sp. and Anoplolepis longipes, on bamboo in the same area. The ants recruit to groups of the bugs and feed on the liquid, sugar-rich faeces of the larvae, stimulating release of the honeydew by tactile signals. They protect all stages of the bugs from disturbance by biting and by the use of defensive secretions. Phloem-feeding bugs in the families Plataspidae and Coreidae need long sty lets to pierce the thick bark of their host tree. The different methods of accommodating the resting stylets in these two families are described. The plataspids are described as Tropidotylus servus sp. novo and T. minister sp. novo A coreid previously reported in association with M. mucronatus in Malaya is described as Hygia cliens sp. novo The coreids on bamboo were determined as Cloresmus spp. and Notobitus affinis.},
  language  = {en}
}