@article{FlorenHorchlerMueller2022,
  author    = {Floren, Andreas and Horchler, Peter J. and M{\"u}ller, Tobias},
  title     = {The impact of the neophyte tree Fraxinus pennsylvanica [Marshall] on beetle diversity under climate change},
  series = {Sustainability},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Sustainability},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {2071-1050},
  doi       = {10.3390/su14031914},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-262223},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {We studied the impact of the neophyte tree Fraxinus pennsylvanica on the diversity of beetles in floodplain forests along the river Elbe in Germany in 2016, 2017 and in 2020, where 80\% of all Fraxinus excelsior trees had died following severe droughts. Beetles were collected by insecticidal knock-down from 121 trees (64 F. excelsior and 57 F. pennsylvanica) and identified to 547 species in 15,214 specimens. The trees sampled in 2016 and 2017 showed no signs of drought stress or ash dieback and serve as a reference for the comparison with the 2020 fauna. The data proved that F. excelsior harbours the most diverse beetle community, which differed also significantly in guild composition from F. pennsylvanica. Triggered by extremely dry and long summer seasons, the 2020 ash dieback had profound and forest-wide impacts. Several endangered, red-listed beetle species of Saxonia Anhalt had increased in numbers and became secondary pests on F. excelsior. Diversity decreased whilst numbers of xylobionts increased on all trees, reaching 78\% on F. excelsior. Proportions of xylobionts remained constant on F. pennsylvanica. Phytophages were almost absent from all trees, but mycetophages increased on F. pennsylvanica. Our data suggest that as a result of the dieback of F. excelsior the neophyte F. pennsylvanica might become a rescue species for the European Ash fauna, as it provides the second-best habitat. We show how difficult it is to assess the dynamics and the ecological impact of neophytes, especially under conditions similar to those projected by climate change models. The diversity and abundance of canopy arthropods demonstrates their importance in understanding forest functions and maintenance of ecosystem services, illustrating that their consideration is essential for forest adaptation to climate change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FrickeRedlichZhangetal.2022,
  author    = {Fricke, Ute and Redlich, Sarah and Zhang, Jie and Tobisch, Cynthia and Rojas-Botero, Sandra and Benjamin, Caryl S. and Englmeier, Jana and Ganuza, Cristina and Riebl, Rebekka and Uhler, Johannes and Uphus, Lars and Ewald, J{\"o}rg and Kollmann, Johannes and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf},
  title     = {Plant richness, land use and temperature differently shape invertebrate leaf-chewing herbivory on plant functional groups},
  series = {Oecologia},
  volume    = {199},
  journal   = {Oecologia},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00442-022-05199-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325079},
  pages     = {407-417},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Higher temperatures can increase metabolic rates and carbon demands of invertebrate herbivores, which may shift leaf-chewing herbivory among plant functional groups differing in C:N (carbon:nitrogen) ratios. Biotic factors influencing herbivore species richness may modulate these temperature effects. Yet, systematic studies comparing leaf-chewing herbivory among plant functional groups in different habitats and landscapes along temperature gradients are lacking. This study was conducted on 80 plots covering large gradients of temperature, plant richness and land use in Bavaria, Germany. We investigated proportional leaf area loss by chewing invertebrates ('herbivory') in three plant functional groups on open herbaceous vegetation. As potential drivers, we considered local mean temperature (range 8.4-18.8 °C), multi-annual mean temperature (range 6.5-10.0 °C), local plant richness (species and family level, ranges 10-51 species, 5-25 families), adjacent habitat type (forest, grassland, arable field, settlement), proportion of grassland and landscape diversity (0.2-3 km scale). We observed differential responses of leaf-chewing herbivory among plant functional groups in response to plant richness (family level only) and habitat type, but not to grassland proportion, landscape diversity and temperature—except for multi-annual mean temperature influencing herbivory on grassland plots. Three-way interactions of plant functional group, temperature and predictors of plant richness or land use did not substantially impact herbivory. We conclude that abiotic and biotic factors can assert different effects on leaf-chewing herbivory among plant functional groups. At present, effects of plant richness and habitat type outweigh effects of temperature and landscape-scale land use on herbivory among legumes, forbs and grasses.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EnglmeierMitesserBenbowetal.2023,
  author    = {Englmeier, Jana and Mitesser, Oliver and Benbow, M. Eric and Hothorn, Torsten and von Hoermann, Christian and Benjamin, Caryl and Fricke, Ute and Ganuza, Cristina and Haensel, Maria and Redlich, Sarah and Riebl, Rebekka and Rojas Botero, Sandra and Rummler, Thomas and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf and Stengel, Elisa and Tobisch, Cynthia and Uhler, Johannes and Uphus, Lars and Zhang, Jie and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {Diverse effects of climate, land use, and insects on dung and carrion decomposition},
  series = {Ecosystems},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Ecosystems},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1432-9840},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10021-022-00764-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-325064},
  pages     = {397-411},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Land-use intensification and climate change threaten ecosystem functions. A fundamental, yet often overlooked, function is decomposition of necromass. The direct and indirect anthropogenic effects on decomposition, however, are poorly understood. We measured decomposition of two contrasting types of necromass, rat carrion and bison dung, on 179 study sites in Central Europe across an elevational climate gradient of 168-1122 m a.s.l. and within both local and regional land uses. Local land-use types included forest, grassland, arable fields, and settlements and were embedded in three regional land-use types (near-natural, agricultural, and urban). The effects of insects on decomposition were quantified by experimental exclusion, while controlling for removal by vertebrates. We used generalized additive mixed models to evaluate dung weight loss and carrion decay rate along elevation and across regional and local land-use types. We observed a unimodal relationship of dung decomposition with elevation, where greatest weight loss occurred between 600 and 700 m, but no effects of local temperature, land use, or insects. In contrast to dung, carrion decomposition was continuously faster with both increasing elevation and local temperature. Carrion reached the final decomposition stage six days earlier when insect access was allowed, and this did not depend on land-use effect. Our experiment identified different major drivers of decomposition on each necromass form. The results show that dung and carrion decomposition are rather robust to local and regional land use, but future climate change and decline of insects could alter decomposition processes and the self-regulation of ecosystems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RinawatiSteinLindner2013,
  author    = {Rinawati, Fitria and Stein, Katharina and Lindner, Andr{\´e}},
  title     = {Climate change impacts on biodiversity-the setting of a lingering global crisis},
  series = {Diversity},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Diversity},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.3390/d50100114},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131866},
  pages     = {114-123},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Climate change has created potential major threats to global biodiversity. The multiple components of climate change are projected to affect all pillars of biodiversity, from genes over species to biome level. Of particular concerns are "tipping points" where the exceedance of ecosystem thresholds will possibly lead to irreversible shifts of ecosystems and their functioning. As biodiversity underlies all goods and services provided by ecosystems that are crucial for human survival and wellbeing, this paper presents potential effects of climate change on biodiversity, its plausible impacts on human society as well as the setting in addressing a global crisis. Species affected by climate change may respond in three ways: change, move or die. Local species extinctions or a rapidly affected ecosystem as a whole respectively might move toward its particular "tipping point", thereby probably depriving its services to human society and ending up in a global crisis. Urgent and appropriate actions within various scenarios of climate change impacts on biodiversity, especially in tropical regions, are needed to be considered. Foremost a multisectoral approach on biodiversity issues with broader policies, stringent strategies and programs at international, national and local levels is essential to meet the challenges of climate change impacts on biodiversity.},
  language  = {en}
}