@article{BernardsSchacklefordGerberetal.1989,
  author    = {Bernards, R. and Schackleford, G. M. and Gerber, M. R. and Horowitz, J. M. and Friend, S. H. and Schartl, Manfred and Bogenmann, E. and Rapaport, J. M. and Mcgee, T. and Dryja, T. P.},
  title     = {Structure and expression of the murine retinoblastoma gene and characterization of its encoded protein},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61819},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchartlHolsteinRobertsonetal.1989,
  author    = {Schartl, Manfred and Holstein, Thomas and Robertson, Scott M. and Barnekow, Angelika},
  title     = {Preferential expression of a pp60c-src related protein tyrosine kinase activity in nerve cells of the early metazoan Hydra (Coelenterates)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86179},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {It has been suggested that the proto-oncogene c-src plays a functional role in developing neurons, and in the mature nerve cells of higher vertebrales. The coelenterate Hydra represents tbe most primitive known organism possessing nerve cells. With Southern blot hybridizations we have demonstrated src-related sequences in Hydra. Antisera specific for the c-src gene product (pp60 c-src) of birds and mammals precipitate a protein from Hydra cell extracts with a tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity. Studies of tissues and cells fractionated from a temperature sensitive mutant of Hydra which is depleted of interstitial (including nerve) cells at tbe non-permissive temperature, have indicated the src-like kinase of Hydra to be preferentially expressed in nerve cells. The high conservation of structural features and of the expression pattern indicates a basic function for pp60c-src in neurons.},
  subject      = {Protein-Tyrosin-Kinasen},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WittbrodtAdamMalitscheketal.1989,
  author    = {Wittbrodt, J. and Adam, D. and Malitschek, B. and Maueler, W. and Raulf, F. and Telling, A. and Robertson, M. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Novel putative receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the melanoma-inducing Tu locus in Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61800},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RaulfMaeuelerRobertsonetal.1989,
  author    = {Raulf, Friedrich and M{\"a}ueler, Winfried and Robertson, Scott M. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Localization of cellular src mRNA during development and in the differentiated bipolar neurons of the adult neural retina in Xiphophorus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86703},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {The expression of the c-src gene in embryonie and adult tissue of the teleost fish Xiphophorus helleri was analyzed by in-situ hybridization. The highly conserved fish c-src gene was found to be expressed at high levels in midterm embryos, where c-src mRNA was localized in developing neurons of the sensory layer of the differentiating retina and in the developing brain. In adult tissues the expression of c-src was found to persist in certain cell types of the brain and the neural retina, especially in the bipolar cells of the inner nuclear layer, which are postmitotic, fully differentiated mature neurons. Thus c-src in Xiphophorus appears to be a developmentally regulated proto-oncogene which is important for neuronal differentiation during organogenesis, but whose persistence of expression in certain terminally differentiated neurons strongly suggests a particular maintenance function for c-src in these cells as well.},
  subject      = {Schwertk{\"a}rpfling},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RaulfRobertsonSchartl1989,
  author    = {Raulf, F. and Robertson, S. M. and Schartl, Manfred},
  title     = {Evolution of the neuron-specific alternative splicing product of the c-src proto-oncogene},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61796},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {The observation of a slower migrating form of pp6oc-src in neural tissue of chicken and mouse has recently been shown to be due to an alternative transcript form of tbe c-src gene (Martinez et al.: Science 237:411-415, 1987; Levy et al.: Mol Cell Bio17:4142- 4145, 1987). An insertion of 18 basepairs between exons 3 and 4, presumed to be due to alternative splicing of a mini-exon, gives rise to six amino acid residues not found in the non-neuronal (termed flbroblastic) form of pp60\(^{c-src}\). Wehave addressed the question of the evolutionary origin of the c-src neuronal insert · and its functional signiflcance regarding neural-speciflc expression of the c-src gene. To this end we have investigated whether the c-src gene of a lower verlebrate (the teleost fish Xiphophorus) gives rise to a neural-specific transcript in an analogous manner. We could show that the fish c-src gene does encode for a "fibroblastic" and a "neuronal" form of transcript and that the neuronal transcript does indeed arise by way of alternative splicing of a mini-exon. The miniexon is also 18 basepairs long and we could demoostrate directly that this exon lies within the intron separating exons 3 and 4. For comparative purposes we have examined whether the fish c-yes gene, the member of the src gene family most closely related to c-src, also encodes a neural tissue-specific transcript. No evidence for a second transcript form in brain was obtained. This result suggests that the mini-exon arose within the c-src gene lineage sometime between the srclyes gene duplication event and the divergence of the evolutionary lineage giving rise to the teleost fish. Published genomic sequence of src-related genes in Drosophila and our own results with Hydra demoostrate no intron in these species at the analogous location, consistent with first appearance of this mini-exon sometime between 550 and 400 million years ago.},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}