@phdthesis{Ulbrich2010,
  author    = {Ulbrich, Jannes},
  title     = {Integrierung und biochemische Charakterisierung ektoper BMP Rezeptoren in Zellmembranen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-55462},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {BMPs vermitteln ihre zellul{\"a}ren Effekte durch Rekrutierung und Aktivierung von zwei Typen spezifischer, membranst{\"a}ndiger Rezeptoren. Die genauen Mechanismen der Rezeptorakivierung und die Komposition eines funktionellen, signalvermittelnden Komplexes auf der Zelloberfl{\"a}che sind in den letzten Jahren genau untersucht worden. Die dimere Natur aller BMPs, die Promiskuitivit{\"a}t der BMPs sowie der entsprechenden Rezeptoren und die unterschiedlichen Rezeptorkonformationen (PFC, BISC) erschweren jedoch die experimentelle Zug{\"a}nglichkeit dieser Proteinfamilie. Um den Einfluss der Membranverankerung der Rezeptoren auf deren Affinit{\"a}t zu einzelnen Liganden zu untersuchen, wurden verschiedene Methoden evaluiert, die eine quantitative Kopplung an Plasmamembranen erm{\"o}glichten. Die BMP Rezeptorektodom{\"a}nen wurden u.a. mittels einer lysin-spezifischen Kopplung lipidiert, oder aber als His6-Ektodom{\"a}nen an membranintegrierte Chelatlipide gekoppelt.},
  subject      = {Knochen-Morphogenese-Proteine},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Schul2013,
  author    = {Schul, Daniela},
  title     = {Spatio-temporal investigation and quantitative analysis of the BMP signaling pathway},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-84224},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are key regulators for a lot of diverse cellular processes. During embryonic development these proteins act as morphogens and play a crucial role particularly in organogenesis. BMPs have a direct impact on distinct cellular fates by means of concentration-gradients in the developing embryos. Using the diverse signaling input information within the embryo due to the gradient, the cells transduce the varying extracellular information into distinct gene expression profiles and cell fate decisions. Furthermore, BMP proteins bear important functions in adult organisms like tissue homeostasis or regeneration. In contrast to TGF-ß signaling, currently only little is known about how cells decode and quantify incoming BMP signals. There is poor knowledge about the quantitative relationships between signal input, transducing molecules, their states and location, and finally their ability to incorporate graded systemic inputs and produce qualitative responses. A key requirement for efficient pathway modulation is the complete comprehension of this signaling network on a quantitative level as the BMP signaling pathway, just like many other signaling pathways, is a major target for medicative interference. I therefore at first studied the subcellular distribution of Smad1, which is the main signal transducing protein of the BMP signaling pathway, in a quantitative manner and in response to various types and levels of stimuli in murine c2c12 cells. Results indicate that the subcellular localization of Smad1 is not dependent on the initial BMP input. Surprisingly, only the phospho-Smad1 level is proportionally associated to ligand concentration. Furthermore, the activated transducer proteins were entirely located in the nucleus. Besides the subcellular localization of Smad1, I have analyzed the gene expression profile induced by BMP signaling. Therefore, I examined two endogenous immediate early BMP targets as well as the expression of the stably transgenic Gaussia Luciferase. Interestingly, the results of these independent experimental setups and read-outs suggest oscillating target gene expression. The amplitudes of the oscillations showed a precise concentration-dependence for continuous and transient stimulation. Additionally, even short-time stimulation of 15' activates oscillating gene-expression pulses that are detectable for at least 30h post-stimulation. Only treatment with a BMP type I receptor kinase inhibitor leads to the complete abolishment of the target gene expression. This indicated that target gene expression oscillations depend directly on BMP type I receptor kinase activity.},
  subject      = {Knochen-Morphogenese-Proteine},
  language  = {en}
}