@article{Andres2013,
  author    = {Andres, Katharina},
  title     = {'Fashion's Final Frontier': The Correlation of Gender Roles and Fashion in Star Trek},
  series = {Culture Unbound},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Culture Unbound},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128827},
  pages     = {639-649},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Since its creation in 1966, Star Trek has been a dominant part of popular culture and as thus served as the source for many cultural references. Star Trek's creator Gene Roddenberry wanted to realize his vision of a utopia but at the same time, he used the futuristic setting of the show to comment on the present time, on actual social and political circumstances. This means that each series can be regarded as a mirror image of the time in which it was created. The clothing of the characters in the different series is one part of that image. The uniforms of The Original Se-ries show influences of the 1960s pop art movement as well as the mini-skirt trend that experienced its peak in that decade. In the course of almost 40 years, howev-er, many things changed. In the 1990s, in Deep Space Nine and Voyager, a unisex uniform replaced the mini-dresses, with few exceptions; the colorful shirts gave way to ones that were mostly black. This trend continues into the new century. This essay interprets the evolution of the female officers' uniforms from femi-nized dresses to androgynous clothing over the development of the series as a reflection of the change of gender roles in contemporary American society. The general functions of the female characters' uniforms are the central object of its analysis while the few, but noteworthy exceptions to this pattern are given specif-ic attention. Finally, one of the most intriguing lines of enquiry is, how the pre-quel series Enterprise, supposed to be set before The Original Series, but pro-duced and aired from 2001 to 2005, fits in the picture.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Skiera2013,
  author    = {Skiera, Christina},
  title     = {1H NMR spectroscopic determination of deterioration marker compounds in fats and oils},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-95756},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {In food and pharmaceutical analysis, the classical indices peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV) and p-anisidine value (ANV) still play an important role as quality and authenticity control parameters of fats and oils. These indices are sum parameters for certain deterioration products (PV for hydroperoxides, AV for free fatty acids, ANV for aldehydes) and are obtained using volumetric or UV/VIS spectroscopic analytical approaches. 1H NMR spectroscopy provides a fast and simple alternative to these classical approaches. In the present work, novel 1H NMR methods to determine hydroperoxides, free fatty acids and aldehydes in fats and oils were developed. Hydroperoxides: The influence of solvent, water, free fatty acids and sample weight on the hydroperoxide group proton (OOH) signal was investigated. On the basis of the obtained results, the sample preparation procedure of the new 1H NMR method was established. A rough assignment of the hydroperoxide group signals in edible fats and oils to methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate was conducted. Furthermore, to gain information on how many different hydroperoxide species originate from trioleate autoxidation, a kinetic study on trioleate monohydroperoxides was performed. The evaluation of the data strongly indicates that all of the conceivable 18 trioleate monohydroperoxides were formed during trioleate autoxidation. The analytical performance of the NMR method was compared to that of the classical PV approach by means of the so-called "relative sensitivity" according to Mandel. It was shown that both methods exhibit a similar analytical performance. A total of 444 edible oil samples were analysed using both methods. For some oil varieties considerable discrepancies were found between the results. In the case of black seed oil and olive oil two substances were identified that influence the classical PV determination and thus cause positive (black seed oil) and negative (olive oil) deviations from the theoretical PV expected from the NMR values. Free fatty acids: In order to find the optimal solvent mixture to measure the carboxyl group protons (COOH) of free fatty acids in fats and oils, the effect of solvent on the COOH signal was investigated for different mixtures of CDCl3 and DMSO-d6. The comparison of the NMR method with the classical AV method by means of the relative sensitivity revealed that both methods exhibit a similar analytical performance. 420 edible oil samples were analysed by both approaches. Except for pumpkin seed oil, where slight deviations were observed, there was a good compliance between the results obtained from the two methods. Furthermore, the applicability of the 1H NMR assay to further lipids with relevance in pharmacy was tested. For hard fat, castor oil, waxes and oleyl oleate modifications of the original sample preparation procedure of the NMR method were necessary to achieve comparable results for both methods. Aldehydes: The new 1H NMR method enables the determination of the molar amounts of n-alkanals, (E)-2-alkenals and (E,E)-2,4-alkadienals. It was illustrated that the ANV can be modelled as a linear combination of the NMR integrals of these aldehyde species. A functional relationship was derived on the basis In conclusion, the new 1H NMR methods provide an excellent alternative to of calibration experiments. The suitability of the model was shown by comparing the NMR-determined ANVs with the measured classical ANVs of 79 commercially available edible oils of different oil types. In conclusion, the new 1H NMR methods provide an excellent alternative to the determination of the classical indices PV, AV and ANV. They have several advantages over the classical methods including the consumption of small solvent amounts, the ability to automatize measurement and to acquire several different parameters out of the same NMR spectrum. Especially concerning their selectivity, the 1H NMR methods are highly superior to the classical methods.},
  subject      = {Fett},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KarabegGrauthoffKollertetal.2013,
  author    = {Karabeg, Margherita M. and Grauthoff, Sandra and Kollert, Sina Y. and Weidner, Magdalena and Heiming, Rebecca S. and Jansen, Friederike and Popp, Sandy and Kaiser, Sylvia and Lesch, Klaus-Peter and Sachser, Norbert and Schmitt, Angelika G. and Lewejohann, Lars},
  title     = {5-HTT Deficiency Affects Neuroplasticity and Increases Stress Sensitivity Resulting in Altered Spatial Learning Performance in the Morris Water Maze but Not in the Barnes Maze},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {10},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0078238},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129978},
  pages     = {e78238},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether spatial hippocampus-dependent learning is affected by the serotonergic system and stress. Therefore, 5-HTT knockout (-/-), heterozygous (+/-) and wildtype (+/+) mice were subjected to the Barnes maze (BM) and the Morris water maze (WM), the latter being discussed as more aversive. Additionally, immediate early gene (IEG) expression, hippocampal adult neurogenesis (aN), and blood plasma corticosterone were analyzed. While the performance of 5-HTT-/- mice in the BM was undistinguishable from both other genotypes, they performed worse in the WM. However, in the course of the repeated WM trials 5-HTT-/- mice advanced to wildtype level. The experience of a single trial of either the WM or the BM resulted in increased plasma corticosterone levels in all genotypes. After several trials 5-HTT-/- mice exhibited higher corticosterone concentrations compared with both other genotypes in both tests. Corticosterone levels were highest in 5-HTT-/- mice tested in the WM indicating greater aversiveness of the WM and a greater stress sensitivity of 5-HTT deficient mice. Quantitative immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus revealed increased cell counts positive for the IEG products cFos and Arc as well as for proliferation marker Ki67 and immature neuron marker NeuroD in 5-HTT-/- mice compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice, irrespective of the test. Most differences were found in the suprapyramidal blade of the dentate gyrus of the septal hippocampus. Ki67-immunohistochemistry revealed a genotype x environment interaction with 5-HTT genotype differences in na{\"i}ve controls and WM experience exclusively yielding more Ki67-positive cells in 5-HTT+/+ mice. Moreover, in 5-HTT-/- mice we demonstrate that learning performance correlates with the extent of aN. Overall, higher baseline IEG expression and increased an in the hippocampus of 5-HTT-/- mice together with increased stress sensitivity may constitute the neurobiological correlate of raised alertness, possibly impeding optimal learning performance in the more stressful WM.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BloemerPachelHofmannetal.2013,
  author    = {Bl{\"o}mer, Nadja and Pachel, Christina and Hofmann, Urlich and Nordbeck, Peter and Bauer, Wolfgang and Mathes, Denise and Frey, Anna and Bayer, Barbara and Vogel, Benjamin and Ertl, Georg},
  title     = {5-Lipoxygenase facilitates healing after myocardial infarction},
  series = {Basic Research in Cardiology},
  volume    = {108},
  journal   = {Basic Research in Cardiology},
  number    = {4},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00395-013-0367-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132602},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Early healing after myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by a strong inflammatory reaction. Most leukotrienes are pro-inflammatory and are therefore potential mediators of healing and remodeling after myocardial ischemia. The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) has a key role in the transformation of arachidonic acid in leukotrienes. Thus, we tested the effect of 5-LOX on healing after MI. After chronic coronary artery ligation, early mortality was significantly increased in 5-LOX\(^{-/-}\) when compared to matching wildtype (WT) mice due to left ventricular rupture. This effect could be reproduced in mice treated with the 5-LOX inhibitor Zileuton. A perfusion mismatch due to the vasoactive potential of leukotrienes is not responsible for left ventricular rupture since local blood flow assessed by magnetic resonance perfusion measurements was not different. However, after MI, there was an accentuation of the inflammatory reaction with an increase of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Yet, mortality was not changed in chimeric mice (WT vs. 5-LOX\(^{-/-}\) bone marrow in 5-LOX\(^{-/-}\) animals), indicating that an altered function of 5-LOX\(^{-/-}\) inflammatory cells is not responsible for the phenotype. Collagen production and accumulation of fibroblasts were significantly reduced in 5-LOX\(^{-/-}\) mice in vivo after MI. This might be due to an impaired migration of 5-LOX\(^{-/-}\) fibroblasts, as shown in vitro to serum. In conclusion, a lack or inhibition of 5-LOX increases mortality after MI because of healing defects. This is not mediated by a change in local blood flow, but through an altered inflammation and/or fibroblast function.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HertleinSturmJakobetal.2013,
  author    = {Hertlein, Tobias and Sturm, Volker and Jakob, Peter and Ohlsen, Knut},
  title     = {\(^{19}\)F Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Perfluorocarbons for the Evaluation of Response to Antibiotic Therapy in a Staphylococcus aureus Infection Model},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0064440},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130113},
  pages     = {e64440},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in recent decades has highlighted the importance of developing new drugs to treat infections. However, in addition to the design of new drugs, the development of accurate preclinical testing methods is essential. In vivo imaging technologies such as bioluminescence imaging (BLI) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are promising approaches. In a previous study, we showed the effectiveness of \(^{19}\)F MRI using perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsions for detecting the site of Staphylococcus aureus infection. In the present follow-up study, we investigated the use of this method for in vivo visualization of the effects of antibiotic therapy. Methods/Principal findings Mice were infected with S. aureus Xen29 and treated with 0.9\% NaCl solution, vancomycin or linezolid. Mock treatment led to the highest bioluminescence values during infection followed by vancomycin treatment. Counting the number of colony-forming units (cfu) at 7 days post-infection (p.i.) showed the highest bacterial burden for the mock group and the lowest for the linezolid group. Administration of PFCs at day 2 p.i. led to the accumulation of \(^{19}\)F at the rim of the abscess in all mice (in the shape of a hollow sphere), and antibiotic treatment decreased the \(^{19}\)F signal intensity and volume. Linezolid showed the strongest effect. The BLI, cfu, and MRI results were comparable. Conclusions \(^{19}\)F-MRI with PFCs is an effective non-invasive method for assessing the effects of antibiotic therapy in vivo. This method does not depend on pathogen specific markers and can therefore be used to estimate the efficacy of antibacterial therapy against a broad range of clinically relevant pathogens, and to localize sites of infection.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KuehlhornRathSchmoeckeletal.2013,
  author    = {K{\"u}hlhorn, Franziska and Rath, Matthias and Schmoeckel, Katrin and Cziupka, Katharina and Nguyen, Huu Hung and Hildebrandt, Petra and H{\"u}nig, Thomas and Sparwasser, Tim and Huehn, Jochen and P{\"o}tschke, Christian and Br{\"o}ker, Barbara M.},
  title     = {\(Foxp3^+\) Regulatory T Cells Are Required for Recovery from Severe Sepsis},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0065109},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130940},
  pages     = {e65109},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in bacterial sepsis remains controversial because antibody-mediated depletion experiments gave conflicting results. We employed DEREG mice (DEpletion of REGulatory T cells) and a caecal ligation and puncture model to elucidate the role of \(CD4^+Foxp3^+\) Tregs in sepsis. In DEREG mice natural Tregs can be visualized easily and selectively depleted by diphtheria toxin because the animals express the diphtheria toxin receptor and enhanced green fluorescent protein as a fusion protein under the control of the foxp3 locus. We confirmed rapid Treg-activation and an increased ratio of Tregs to Teffs in sepsis. Nevertheless, 24 h after sepsis induction, Treg-depleted and control mice showed equally strong inflammation, immune cell immigration into the peritoneum and bacterial dissemination. During the first 36 h of disease survival was not influenced by Treg-depletion. Later, however, only Treg-competent animals recovered from the insult. We conclude that the suppressive capacity of Tregs is not sufficient to control overwhelming inflammation and early mortality, but is a prerequisite for the recovery from severe sepsis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MayMederakeShehataDieler2013,
  author    = {May-Mederake, Birgit and Shehata-Dieler, Wafaa},
  title     = {A Case Study Assessing the Auditory and Speech Development of Four Children Implanted with Cochlear Implants by the Chronological Age of 12 Months},
  series = {Case Reports in Otolaryngology},
  volume    = {2013},
  journal   = {Case Reports in Otolaryngology},
  number    = {359218},
  doi       = {10.1155/2013/359218},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128750},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Children with severe hearing loss most likely receive the greatest benefit from a cochlear implant (CI) when implanted at less than 2 years of age. Children with a hearing loss may also benefit greater from binaural sensory stimulation. Four children who received their first CI under 12 months of age were included in this study. Effects on auditory development were determined using the German LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire, closed- and open-set monosyllabic word tests, aided free-field, the Mainzer and G{\"o}ttinger speech discrimination tests, Monosyllabic-Trochee-Polysyllabic (MTP), and Listening Progress Profile (LiP). Speech production and grammar development were evaluated using a German language speech development test (SETK), reception of grammar test (TROG-D) and active vocabulary test (AWST-R). The data showed that children implanted under 12 months of age reached open-set monosyllabic word discrimination at an age of 24 months. LiP results improved over time, and children recognized 100\% of words in the MTP test after 12 months. All children performed as well as or better than their hearing peers in speech production and grammar development. SETK showed that the speech development of these children was in general age appropriate. The data suggests that early hearing loss intervention benefits speech and language development and supports the trend towards early cochlear implantation. Furthermore, the data emphasizes the potential benefits associated with bilateral implantation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MarcusVogelSchubertetal.2013,
  author    = {Marcus, U. and Vogel, U. and Schubert, A. and Claus, H. and Baetzing-Feigenbaum, J. and Hellenbrand, W. and Wichmann, O.},
  title     = {A cluster of invasive meningococcal disease in young men who have sex with men in Berlin, October 2012 to May 2013},
  series = {Eurosurveillance},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {Eurosurveillance},
  number    = {28},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131711},
  pages     = {6-8},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LudwigSaemannAlexanderetal.2013,
  author    = {Ludwig, K. U. and S{\"a}mann, P. and Alexander, M. and Becker, J. and Bruder, J. and Moll, K. and Spieler, D. and Czisch, M. and Warnke, A. and Docherty, S. J. and Davis, O. S. P. and Plomin, R. and N{\"o}then, M. M. and Landerl, K. and M{\"u}ller-Myhsok, B. and Hoffmann, P. and Schumacher, J. and Schulte-K{\"o}rne, G. and Czamara, D.},
  title     = {A common variant in Myosin-18B contributes to mathematical abilities in children with dyslexia and intraparietal sulcus variability in adults},
  series = {Translational Psychiatry},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Translational Psychiatry},
  number    = {e229},
  doi       = {10.1038/tp.2012.148},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131513},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The ability to perform mathematical tasks is required in everyday life. Although heritability estimates suggest a genetic contribution, no previous study has conclusively identified a genetic risk variant for mathematical performance. Research has shown that the prevalence of mathematical disabilities is increased in children with dyslexia. We therefore correlated genome-wide data of 200 German children with spelling disability, with available quantitative data on mathematic ability. Replication of the top findings in additional dyslexia samples revealed that rs133885 was a genome-wide significant marker for mathematical abilities\((P_{comb}=7.71 x 10^{-10}, n=699)\), with an effect size of 4.87\%. This association was also found in a sample from the general population (P=0.048, n=1080), albeit with a lower effect size. The identified variant encodes an amino-acid substitution in MYO18B, a protein with as yet unknown functions in the brain. As areas of the parietal cortex, in particular the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), are involved in numerical processing in humans, we investigated whether rs133885 was associated with IPS morphology using structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 79 neuropsychiatrically healthy adults. Carriers of the MYO18B risk-genotype displayed a significantly lower depth of the right IPS. This validates the identified association between rs133885 and mathematical disability at the level of a specific intermediate phenotype.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KnorrRudolfNuernberger2013,
  author    = {Knorr, Johannes and Rudolf, Philipp and Nuernberger, Patrick},
  title     = {A comparative study on chirped-pulse upconversion and direct multichannel MCT detection},
  doi       = {10.1364/OE.21.030693},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-111334},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {A comparative study is carried out on two spectroscopic techniques employed to detect ultrafast absorption changes in the mid-infrared spectral range, namely direct multichannel detection via HgCdTe (MCT) photodiode arrays and the newly established technique of chirped-pulse upconversion (CPU). Whereas both methods are meanwhile individually used in a routine manner, we directly juxtapose their applicability in femtosecond pump-probe experiments based on 1 kHz shot-to-shot data acquisition. Additionally, we examine different phase-matching conditions in the CPU scheme for a given mid-infrared spectrum, thereby simultaneously detecting signals which are separated by more than 200 cm-1.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaeuerleinRiedelBakeretal.2013,
  author    = {B{\"a}uerlein, Carina A. and Riedel, Simone S. and Baker, Jeanette and Brede, Christian and Jord{\´a}n Garrote, Ana-Laura and Chopra, Martin and Ritz, Miriam and Beilhack, Georg F. and Schulz, Stephan and Zeiser, Robert and Schlegel, Paul G. and Einsele, Hermann and Negrin, Robert S. and Beilhack, Andreas},
  title     = {A diagnostic window for the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease prior to visible clinical symptoms in a murine model},
  series = {BMC Medicine},
  journal   = {BMC Medicine},
  doi       = {10.1186/1741-7015-11-134},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96797},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) poses a major limitation for broader therapeutic application of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Early diagnosis of aGVHD remains difficult and is based on clinical symptoms and histopathological evaluation of tissue biopsies. Thus, current aGVHD diagnosis is limited to patients with established disease manifestation. Therefore, for improved disease prevention it is important to develop predictive assays to identify patients at risk of developing aGVHD. Here we address whether insights into the timing of the aGVHD initiation and effector phases could allow for the detection of migrating alloreactive T cells before clinical aGVHD onset to permit for efficient therapeutic intervention. Methods Murine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) mismatched and minor histocompatibility antigen (miHAg) mismatched allo-HCT models were employed to assess the spatiotemporal distribution of donor T cells with flow cytometry and in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Daily flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells allowed us to identify migrating alloreactive T cells based on homing receptor expression profiles. Results We identified a time period of 2 weeks of massive alloreactive donor T cell migration in the blood after miHAg mismatch allo-HCT before clinical aGVHD symptoms appeared. Alloreactive T cells upregulated α4β7 integrin and P-selectin ligand during this migration phase. Consequently, targeted preemptive treatment with rapamycin, starting at the earliest detection time of alloreactive donor T cells in the peripheral blood, prevented lethal aGVHD. Conclusions Based on this data we propose a critical time frame prior to the onset of aGVHD symptoms to identify alloreactive T cells in the peripheral blood for timely and effective therapeutic intervention.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DegenkolbeKoenigZimmeretal.2013,
  author    = {Degenkolbe, Elisa and K{\"o}nig, Jana and Zimmer, Julia and Walther, Maria and Reißner, Carsten and Nickel, Joachim and Pl{\"o}ger, Frank and Raspopovic, Jelena and Sharpe, James and Dathe, Katharina and Hecht, Jacqueline T. and Mundlos, Stefan and Doelken, Sandra C. and Seemann, Petra},
  title     = {A GDF5 Point Mutation Strikes Twice - Causing BDA1 and SYNS2},
  series = {PLOS Genetics},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {PLOS Genetics},
  number    = {10},
  issn      = {1553-7404},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1003846},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-127556},
  pages     = {e1003846},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Growth and Differentiation Factor 5 (GDF5) is a secreted growth factor that belongs to the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) family and plays a pivotal role during limb development. GDF5 is a susceptibility gene for osteoarthritis (OA) and mutations in GDF5 are associated with a wide variety of skeletal malformations ranging from complex syndromes such as acromesomelic chondrodysplasias to isolated forms of brachydactylies or multiple synostoses syndrome 2 (SYNS2). Here, we report on a family with an autosomal dominant inherited combination of SYNS2 and additional brachydactyly type A1 (BDA1) caused by a single point mutation in GDF5 (p.W414R). Functional studies, including chondrogenesis assays with primary mesenchymal cells, luciferase reporter gene assays and Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis, of the GDF5 W-414R variant in comparison to other GDF5 mutations associated with isolated BDA1 (p.R399C) or SYNS2 (p.E491K) revealed a dual pathomechanism characterized by a gain-and loss-of-function at the same time. On the one hand insensitivity to the main GDF5 antagonist NOGGIN (NOG) leads to a GDF5 gain of function and subsequent SYNS2 phenotype. Whereas on the other hand, a reduced signaling activity, specifically via the BMP receptor type IA (BMPR1A), is likely responsible for the BDA1 phenotype. These results demonstrate that one mutation in the overlapping interface of antagonist and receptor binding site in GDF5 can lead to a GDF5 variant with pathophysiological relevance for both, BDA1 and SYNS2 development. Consequently, our study assembles another part of the molecular puzzle of how loss and gain of function mutations in GDF5 affect bone development in hands and feet resulting in specific types of brachydactyly and SYNS2. These novel insights into the biology of GDF5 might also provide further clues on the pathophysiology of OA.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchusterJohannsenRoewer2013,
  author    = {Schuster, Frank and Johannsen, Stephan and Roewer, Norbert},
  title     = {A Minimal-Invasive Metabolic Test Detects Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility in a Patient after Sevoflurane-Induced Metabolic Crisis},
  series = {Case Reports in Anesthesiology},
  journal   = {Case Reports in Anesthesiology},
  doi       = {10.1155/2013/953859},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-97080},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Malignant hyperthermia is a rare but life-threatening complication of general anesthesia in predisposed patients usually triggered by potent inhalation anesthetics and/or the depolarizing muscle relaxant succinylcholine. The authors present a case of delayed sevoflurane-induced malignant hyperthermia in a 21-year-old male patient that was sufficiently treated by discontinuation of trigger agent application and dantrolene infusion. After surviving an MH episode diagnostic procedures are indicated to increase patient safety. In the presented case, the use of a novel minimal-invasive metabolic test with intramuscular injection of halothane and caffeine successfully confirmed MH susceptibility and hence might be an alternative for invasive in vitro contracture testing in selected cases.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GersztenSahgalSheehanetal.2013,
  author    = {Gerszten, Peter C. and Sahgal, Arjun and Sheehan, Jason P. and Kersh, Ronald and Chen, Stephanie and Flickinger, John C. and Quader, Mubina and Fahim, Daniel and Grills, Inga and Shin, John H. and Winey, Brian and Oh, Kevin and Sweeney, Reinhart A. and Guckenberger, Matthias},
  title     = {A multi-national report on methods for institutional credentialing for spine radiosurgery},
  series = {Radiation Oncology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Radiation Oncology},
  number    = {158},
  doi       = {10.1186/1748-717X-8-158},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131485},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy and radiosurgery are rapidly emerging treatment options for both malignant and benign spine tumors. Proper institutional credentialing by physicians and medical physicists as well as other personnel is important for the safe and effective adoption of spine radiosurgery. This article describes the methods for institutional credentialing for spine radiosurgery at seven highly experienced international institutions. Methods: All institutions (n = 7) are members of the Elekta Spine Radiosurgery Research Consortium and have a dedicated research and clinical focus on image-guided spine radiosurgery. A questionnaire consisting of 24 items covering various aspects of institutional credentialing for spine radiosurgery was completed by all seven institutions. Results: Close agreement was observed in most aspects of spine radiosurgery credentialing at each institution. A formal credentialing process was believed to be important for the implementation of a new spine radiosurgery program, for patient safety and clinical outcomes. One institution has a written policy specific for spine radiosurgery credentialing, but all have an undocumented credentialing system in place. All institutions rely upon an in-house proctoring system for the training of both physicians and medical physicists. Four institutions require physicians and medical physicists to attend corporate sponsored training. Two of these 4 institutions also require attendance at a non-corporate sponsored academic society radiosurgery course. Corporate as well as non-corporate sponsored training were believed to be complimentary and both important for training. In 5 centers, all cases must be reviewed at a multidisciplinary conference prior to radiosurgery treatment. At 3 centers, neurosurgeons are not required to be involved in all cases if there is no evidence for instability or spinal cord compression. Backup physicians and physicists are required at only 1 institution, but all institutions have more than one specialist trained to perform spine radiosurgery. All centers believed that credentialing should also be device specific, and all believed that professional societies should formulate guidelines for institutions on the requirements for spine radiosurgery credentialing. Finally, in 4 institutions radiation therapists were required to attend corporate-sponsored device specific training for credentialing, and in only 1 institution were radiation therapists required to also attend academic society training for credentialing. Conclusions: This study represents the first multi-national report of the current practice of institutional credentialing for spine radiosurgery. Key methodologies for safe implementation and credentialing of spine radiosurgery have been identified. There is strong agreement among experienced centers that credentialing is an important component of the safe and effective implementation of a spine radiosurgery program.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScharmannThornhamGrafeetal.2013,
  author    = {Scharmann, Mathias and Thornham, Daniel G. and Grafe, T. Ulmar and Federle, Walter},
  title     = {A Novel Type of Nutritional Ant-Plant Interaction: Ant Partners of Carnivorous Pitcher Plants Prevent Nutrient Export by Dipteran Pitcher Infauna},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0063556},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130952},
  pages     = {e63556},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Many plants combat herbivore and pathogen attack indirectly by attracting predators of their herbivores. Here we describe a novel type of insect-plant interaction where a carnivorous plant uses such an indirect defence to prevent nutrient loss to kleptoparasites. The ant Camponotus schmitzi is an obligate inhabitant of the carnivorous pitcher plant Nepenthes bicalcarata in Borneo. It has recently been suggested that this ant-plant interaction is a nutritional mutualism, but the detailed mechanisms and the origin of the ant-derived nutrient supply have remained unexplained. We confirm that N. bicalcarata host plant leaves naturally have an elevated \(^{15}N/^{14}N\) stable isotope abundance ratio (\(\delta ^{15}N\)) when colonised by C. schmitzi. This indicates that a higher proportion of the plants' nitrogen is insect-derived when C. schmitzi ants are present (ca. 100\%, vs. 77\% in uncolonised plants) and that more nitrogen is available to them. We demonstrated direct flux of nutrients from the ants to the host plant in a \(^{15}N\) pulse-chase experiment. As C. schmitzi ants only feed on nectar and pitcher contents of their host, the elevated foliar \(\delta ^{15}N\) cannot be explained by classic ant-feeding (myrmecotrophy) but must originate from a higher efficiency of the pitcher traps. We discovered that C. schmitzi ants not only increase the pitchers' capture efficiency by keeping the pitchers' trapping surfaces clean, but they also reduce nutrient loss from the pitchers by predating dipteran pitcher inhabitants (infauna). Consequently, nutrients the pitchers would have otherwise lost via emerging flies become available as ant colony waste. The plants' prey is therefore conserved by the ants. The interaction between C. schmitzi, N. bicalcarata and dipteran pitcher infauna represents a new type of mutualism where animals mitigate the damage by nutrient thieves to a plant.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KlementFrobelAlbersetal.2013,
  author    = {Klement, Rainer Johannes and Frobel, Thomas and Albers, Torsten and Fikenzer, Sven and Prinzhausen, Jan and K{\"a}mmerer, Ulrike},
  title     = {A pilot case study on the impact of a self-prescribed ketogenic diet on biochemical parameters and running performance in healthy and physically active individuals},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78901},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: Ketogenic diets (KDs) have gained some popularity not only as effective weight-loss diets and treatment options for several diseases, but also among healthy and physically active individuals for various reasons. However, data on the effects of ketosis in the latter group of individuals are scarce. We therefore collected pilot data on the physiological response to a self-prescribed ketogenic diet lasting 5-7 weeks in a small cohort of healthy and physically active individuals. Methods: Twelve subjects (7 males, 5 females, age 24-60 years) who followed moderate to intensive exercise routines underwent blood testing, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and spiroergometry during an incremental treadmill test. On the next day, they went on a self-prescribed KD for a median of 38 days (range 35-50 days), after which the same tests were performed again. Ketosis was self-monitored by urinary ketone strips. Subjective feeling during the diet was assessed by a questionnaire after the intervention. Due to the small and heterogenous sample, the results are interpreted in the context of the already existing literature. Results: The KDs were tolerated well by the majority of individuals. Impaired recovery from exercise remained the most frequently reported side effect until the end of the study. Most blood parameters remained stable during the intervention. However, there were significant elevations of total and LDL cholesterol concentrations (p<0.01) and a trend towards increased HDL-cholesterol (p=0.05). The drastic reduction of carbohydrates had no statistically significant influence on running performance judged by the time to exhaustion, VO2max and respiratory compensation points. BIA measurements showed significant increases in phase angle (p=0.01) indicating improvements of body composition with an estimated decrease of 3.4 kg of fat mass (p=0.002) and gain of 1.3 kg of fat free mass. We discuss the validity of these estimates taking into account a possibly altered hydration status due to the KD. Conclusions: Active healthy individuals will probably experience no major problems during a short term KD lasting several weeks. The drastically reduced carbohydrate content of the diet seems to be no limiting factor for running performance. In addition, improvements in body composition can be expected. While most biochemical parameters are not influenced by the diet, there seems to be an impact on the blood lipid profile that could be considered problematic with respect to cardiovascular disease risk. However, the predictive role of cholesterol levels alone in individuals undergoing regular physical activity remains to be elucidated.},
  subject      = {Fettgehalt},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DmochewitzFoertschZwergeretal.2013,
  author    = {Dmochewitz, Lydia and F{\"o}rtsch, Christina and Zwerger, Christian and Vaeth, Martin and Felder, Edward and Huber-Lang, Markus and Barth, Holger},
  title     = {A Recombinant Fusion Toxin Based on Enzymatic Inactive C3bot1 Selectively Targets Macrophages},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0054517},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131189},
  pages     = {e54517},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: The C3bot1 protein (~23 kDa) from Clostridium botulinum ADP-ribosylates and thereby inactivates Rho. C3bot1 is selectively taken up into the cytosol of monocytes/macrophages but not of other cell types such as epithelial cells or fibroblasts. Most likely, the internalization occurs by a specific endocytotic pathway via acidified endosomes. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, we tested whether enzymatic inactive C3bot1E174Q serves as a macrophage-selective transport system for delivery of enzymatic active proteins into the cytosol of such cells. Having confirmed that C3bot1E174Q does not induce macrophage activation, we used the actin ADP-ribosylating C2I (~50 kDa) from Clostridium botulinum as a reporter enzyme for C3bot1E174Q-mediated delivery into macrophages. The recombinant C3bot1E174Q-C2I fusion toxin was cloned and expressed as GST-protein in Escherichia coli. Purified C3bot1E174Q-C2I was recognized by antibodies against C2I and C3bot and showed C2I-specific enzyme activity in vitro. When applied to cultured cells C3bot1E174Q-C2I ADP-ribosylated actin in the cytosol of macrophages including J774A.1 and RAW264.7 cell lines as well as primary cultured human macrophages but not of epithelial cells. Together with confocal fluorescence microscopy experiments, the biochemical data indicate the selective uptake of a recombinant C3-fusion toxin into the cytosol of macrophages. Conclusions/Significance: In summary, we demonstrated that C3bot1E174Q can be used as a delivery system for fast, selective and specific transport of enzymes into the cytosol of living macrophages. Therefore, C3-based fusion toxins can represent valuable molecular tools in experimental macrophage pharmacology and cell biology as well as attractive candidates to develop new therapeutic approaches against macrophage-associated diseases.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{JosephNedumparambil2013,
  author    = {Joseph Nedumparambil, George},
  title     = {A Search of the Roots of Syro-Malabar Church in Kerala},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-77747},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {A Search of the Roots of Syro-Malabar Church in Kerala},
  subject      = {Syro-Malabarische Kirche},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PfeifferGoetzXiangetal.2013,
  author    = {Pfeiffer, Verena and G{\"o}tz, Rudolf and Xiang, Chaomei and Camarero, Guadelupe and Braun, Attila and Zhang, Yina and Blum, Robert and Heinsen, Helmut and Nieswandt, Bernhard and Rapp, Ulf R.},
  title     = {Ablation of BRaf Impairs Neuronal Differentiation in the Postnatal Hippocampus and Cerebellum},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {3},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0058259},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130304},
  pages     = {e58259},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {This study focuses on the role of the kinase BRaf in postnatal brain development. Mice expressing truncated, non-functional BRaf in neural stem cell-derived brain tissue demonstrate alterations in the cerebellum, with decreased sizes and fuzzy borders of the glomeruli in the granule cell layer. In addition we observed reduced numbers and misplaced ectopic Purkinje cells that showed an altered structure of their dendritic arborizations in the hippocampus, while the overall cornus ammonis architecture appeared to be unchanged. In male mice lacking BRaf in the hippocampus the size of the granule cell layer was normal at postnatal day 12 (P12) but diminished at P21, as compared to control littermates. This defect was caused by a reduced ability of dentate gyrus progenitor cells to differentiate into NeuN positive granule cell neurons. In vitro cell culture of P0/P1 hippocampal cells revealed that BRaf deficient cells were impaired in their ability to form microtubule-associated protein 2 positive neurons. Together with the alterations in behaviour, such as autoaggression and loss of balance fitness, these observations indicate that in the absence of BRaf all neuronal cellular structures develop, but neuronal circuits in the cerebellum and hippocampus are partially disturbed besides impaired neuronal generation in both structures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FaragFroehlerOexleetal.2013,
  author    = {Farag, Heba Gamal and Froehler, Sebastian and Oexle, Konrad and Ravindran, Ethiraj and Schindler, Detlev and Staab, Timo and Huebner, Angela and Kraemer, Nadine and Chen, Wei and Kaindl, Angela M.},
  title     = {Abnormal centrosome and spindle morphology in a patient with autosomal recessive primary microcephaly type 2 due to compound heterozygous WDR62 gene mutation},
  series = {Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases},
  number    = {178},
  issn      = {1750-1172},
  doi       = {10.1186/1750-1172-8-178},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-123505},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare neurodevelopmental disease with severe microcephaly at birth due to a pronounced reduction in brain volume and intellectual disability. Biallelic mutations in the WD repeat-containing protein 62 gene WDR62 are the genetic cause of MCPH2. However, the exact underlying pathomechanism of MCPH2 remains to be clarified. Methods/results: We characterized the clinical, radiological, and cellular features that add to the human MCPH2 phenotype. Exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing in a German family with two affected daughters with primary microcephaly revealed in the index patient the compound heterozygous mutations c. 1313G>A (p.R438H) / c.2864-2867delACAG (p.D955Afs*112) of WDR62, the second of which is novel. Radiological examination displayed small frontal lobes, corpus callosum hypoplasia, simplified hippocampal gyration, and cerebellar hypoplasia. We investigated the cellular phenotype in patient-derived lymphoblastoid cells and compared it with that of healthy female controls. WDR62 expression in the patient's immortalized lymphocytes was deranged, and mitotic spindle defects as well as abnormal centrosomal protein localization were apparent. Conclusion: We propose that a disruption of centrosome integrity and/or spindle organization may play an important role in the development of microcephaly in MCPH2.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiedelMofoloAvotaetal.2013,
  author    = {Riedel, Alice and Mofolo, Boitumelo and Avota, Elita and Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle and Meintjes, Ayton and Mulder, Nicola and Kneitz, Susanne},
  title     = {Accumulation of Splice Variants and Transcripts in Response to PI3K Inhibition in T Cells},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0050695},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130335},
  pages     = {e50695},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background Measles virus (MV) causes T cell suppression by interference with phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) activation. We previously found that this interference affected the activity of splice regulatory proteins and a T cell inhibitory protein isoform was produced from an alternatively spliced pre-mRNA. Hypothesis Differentially regulated and alternatively splice variant transcripts accumulating in response to PI3K abrogation in T cells potentially encode proteins involved in T cell silencing. Methods To test this hypothesis at the cellular level, we performed a Human Exon 1.0 ST Array on RNAs isolated from T cells stimulated only or stimulated after PI3K inhibition. We developed a simple algorithm based on a splicing index to detect genes that undergo alternative splicing (AS) or are differentially regulated (RG) upon T cell suppression. Results Applying our algorithm to the data, 9\% of the genes were assigned as AS, while only 3\% were attributed to RG. Though there are overlaps, AS and RG genes differed with regard to functional regulation, and were found to be enriched in different functional groups. AS genes targeted extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, while RG genes were mainly enriched in cytokine-receptor interaction and Jak-STAT. When combined, AS/RG dependent alterations targeted pathways essential for T cell receptor signaling, cytoskeletal dynamics and cell cycle entry. Conclusions PI3K abrogation interferes with key T cell activation processes through both differential expression and alternative splicing, which together actively contribute to T cell suppression.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RiedelMofoloAvotaetal.2013,
  author    = {Riedel, Alice and Mofolo, Boitumelo and Avota, Elita and Schneider-Schaulies, Sibylle and Meintjes, Ayton and Mulder, Nicola and Kneitz, Susanne},
  title     = {Accumulation of Splice Variants and Transcripts in Response to PI3K Inhibition in T Cells},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-77917},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: Measles virus (MV) causes T cell suppression by interference with phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) activation. We previously found that this interference affected the activity of splice regulatory proteins and a T cell inhibitory protein isoform was produced from an alternatively spliced pre-mRNA. Hypothesis: Differentially regulated and alternatively splice variant transcripts accumulating in response to PI3K abrogation in T cells potentially encode proteins involved in T cell silencing. Methods: To test this hypothesis at the cellular level, we performed a Human Exon 1.0 ST Array on RNAs isolated from T cells stimulated only or stimulated after PI3K inhibition. We developed a simple algorithm based on a splicing index to detect genes that undergo alternative splicing (AS) or are differentially regulated (RG) upon T cell suppression. Results: Applying our algorithm to the data, 9\% of the genes were assigned as AS, while only 3\% were attributed to RG. Though there are overlaps, AS and RG genes differed with regard to functional regulation, and were found to be enriched in different functional groups. AS genes targeted extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, while RG genes were mainly enriched in cytokine-receptor interaction and Jak-STAT. When combined, AS/RG dependent alterations targeted pathways essential for T cell receptor signaling, cytoskeletal dynamics and cell cycle entry. Conclusions: PI3K abrogation interferes with key T cell activation processes through both differential expression and alternative splicing, which together actively contribute to T cell suppression.},
  subject      = {Biologie},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Luecking2013,
  author    = {L{\"u}cking, Thomas},
  title     = {Acquisition Behavior in High-Technology Industries - The Role of Product Diversification, Technological Change, and IP Protection},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-85065},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Frequent acquisition activities in high-technology industries are due to the intense competition, driven by short product life cycles, more complex products/services and prevalent network effects. This dissertation theoretically analyzes the circumstances leading to technology-driven acquisitions and empirically tests these within a clearly defined market scenario.},
  subject      = {Mergers and Acquisitions},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MorschhaeuserRamirezZavalaWeyleretal.2013,
  author    = {Morschh{\"a}user, Joachim and Ram{\´i}rez-Zavala, Bernardo and Weyler, Michael and Gildor, Tsvia and Schmauch, Christian and Kornitzer, Daniel and Arkowitz, Robert},
  title     = {Activation of the Cph1-Dependent MAP Kinase Signaling Pathway Induces White-Opaque Switching in Candida albicans},
  series = {PLoS Pathogens},
  journal   = {PLoS Pathogens},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.ppat.1003696},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-97281},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Depending on the environmental conditions, the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans can undergo different developmental programs, which are controlled by dedicated transcription factors and upstream signaling pathways. C. albicans strains that are homozygous at the mating type locus can switch from the normal yeast form (white) to an elongated cell type (opaque), which is the mating-competent form of this fungus. Both white and opaque cells use the Ste11-Hst7-Cek1/Cek2 MAP kinase signaling pathway to react to the presence of mating pheromone. However, while opaque cells employ the transcription factor Cph1 to induce the mating response, white cells recruit a different downstream transcription factor, Tec1, to promote the formation of a biofilm that facilitates mating of opaque cells in the population. The switch from the white to the opaque cell form is itself induced by environmental signals that result in the upregulation of the transcription factor Wor1, the master regulator of white-opaque switching. To get insight into the upstream signaling pathways controlling the switch, we expressed all C. albicans protein kinases from a tetracycline-inducible promoter in a switching-competent strain. Screening of this library of strains showed that a hyperactive form of Ste11 lacking its N-terminal domain (Ste11ΔN467) efficiently stimulated white cells to switch to the opaque phase, a behavior that did not occur in response to pheromone. Ste11ΔN467-induced switching specifically required the downstream MAP kinase Cek1 and its target transcription factor Cph1, but not Cek2 and Tec1, and forced expression of Cph1 also promoted white-opaque switching in a Wor1-dependent manner. Therefore, depending on the activation mechanism, components of the pheromone-responsive MAP kinase pathway can be reconnected to stimulate an alternative developmental program, switching of white cells to the mating-competent opaque phase.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HolzapfelProdingerPilgeetal.2013,
  author    = {Holzapfel, Boris Michael and Prodinger, Peter M. and Pilge, Hakan and Banke, Ingo J. and B{\"u}rklein, Dominik and Miethke, Thomas and Gradinger, Reiner},
  title     = {Acute Osteomyelitis of the Humerus mimicking Malignancy: Streptococcus pneumoniae as Exceptional Pathogen in an Immunocompetent Adult},
  series = {BMC Infectious Diseases},
  journal   = {BMC Infectious Diseases},
  doi       = {10.1186/1471-2334-13-266},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-95790},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background Chronic osteomyelitis due to direct bone trauma or vascular insufficiency is a frequent problem in orthopaedic surgery. In contrast, acute haematogenous osteomyelitis represents a rare entity that almost exclusively affects prepubescent children or immunodeficient adults. Case Presentation In this article, we report the case of acute pneumococcal osteomyelitis of the humerus in an immunocompetent and otherwise healthy 44-year-old male patient presenting with minor inflammation signs and misleading clinical features. Conclusions The diagnosis had to be confirmed by open biopsy which allowed the initiation of a targeted therapy. A case of pneumococcal osteomyelitis of a long bone, lacking predisposing factors or trauma, is unique in adults and has not been reported previously.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GunrebenGeisKleinschnitz2013,
  author    = {Gunreben, Ignaz and Geis, Christian and Kleinschnitz, Christoph},
  title     = {Acute tetraparesis secondary to bilateral precentral gyral cerebral ischemia: a case report},
  series = {Journal of Medical Case Reports},
  journal   = {Journal of Medical Case Reports},
  doi       = {10.1186/1752-1947-7-61},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96179},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Introduction Sudden tetraparesis represents a neurological emergency and is most often caused by traumatic spinal cord injury, spinal epidural bleeding or brainstem ischemia and less frequently by medial disc herniation or spinal ischemia. Case presentation Here we report the rare case of an 82-year-old Caucasian man who developed severe tetraparesis four days after radical cystoprostatectomy. An emergency diagnostic study for spinal cord affection was normal. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute bilateral ischemic strokes in the precentral gyri as the underlying cause. Conclusions This case report underlines the need to also consider unusual causes of tetraparesis in an emergency situation apart from spinal cord or brain stem injury in order not to leave severe symptomatology unclear and possibly miss therapeutic options.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{QuinklerBeuschleinHahneretal.2013,
  author    = {Quinkler, Marcus and Beuschlein, Felix and Hahner, Stefanie and Meyer, Gesine and Sch{\"o}fl, Christof and Stalla, G{\"u}nter K.},
  title     = {Adrenal Cortical Insufficiency-a Life Threatening Illness With Multiple Etiologies},
  series = {Deutsches {\"A}rzteblatt International},
  volume    = {110},
  journal   = {Deutsches {\"A}rzteblatt International},
  doi       = {10.3238/arztebl.2013.0882},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131662},
  pages     = {51-52},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: The clinical signs of adrenal cortical insufficiency (incidence, ca. 25 per million per year; prevalence, ca. 400 per million) are nonspecific, and misdiagnoses are therefore common. Glucocorticoid substitution therapy has been in use for 50 years but is not a wholly adequate treatment. Our understanding of this disease remains incomplete in many ways. Methods: We selectively searched the Medline database for publications on adrenal cortical insufficiency, with particular attention to studies from the year 2000 onward (search terms: "adrenal insufficiency" or "Addison's disease" or "hypopituitarism"). Results: Hydrocortisone substitution therapy is often given in doses of 10-25 mg/day, timed according to the circadian rhythm. Gastrointestinal and other, febrile infections account for 30-50\% of life-threatening adrenocortical crises. Such crises affect 8 of 100 persons with adrenal cortical insufficiency per year and must be treated by the immediate administration of glucocorticoids and fluids. When persons with adrenal cortical insufficiency are acutely ill or are otherwise under unusual stress, they may need additional amounts of hydrocortisone, often in the range of 5-10 mg but occasionally as high as 200 mg. The sustained administration of excessive amounts of steroid can shorten patients' lives by several years. Inappropriate substitution therapy can cause other major medical conditions, such as metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis. Conclusion: Important measures for the prevention of adrenocortical crises include improved care by treating physicians, education of patients and their families, the provision of emergency identifying documents, and the prescription of glucocorticoid emergency kits.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EderRothermundDeHouwer2013,
  author    = {Eder, Andreas B. and Rothermund, Klaus and De Houwer, Jan},
  title     = {Affective Compatibility between Stimuli and Response Goals: A Primer for a New Implicit Measure of Attitudes},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0079210},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129872},
  pages     = {e79210},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {We examined whether a voluntary response becomes associated with the (affective) meaning of intended response effects. Four experiments revealed that coupling a keypress with positive or negative consequences produces affective compatibility effects when the keypress has to be executed in response to positively or negatively evaluated stimulus categories. In Experiment 1, positive words were evaluated faster with a keypress that turned the words ON (versus OFF), whereas negative words were evaluated faster with a keypress that turned the words OFF (versus ON). Experiment 2 showed that this compatibility effect is reversed if an aversive tone is turned ON and OFF with keypresses. Experiment 3 revealed that keypresses acquire an affective meaning even when the association between the responses and their effects is variable and intentionally reconfigured before each trial. Experiment 4 used affective response effects to assess implicit ingroup favoritism, showing that the measure is sensitive to the valence of categories and not to the valence of exemplars. Results support the hypothesis that behavioral reactions become associated with the affective meaning of the intended response goal, which has important implications for the understanding and construction of implicit attitude measures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Loew2013,
  author    = {L{\"o}w, Fabian},
  title     = {Agricultural crop mapping from multi-scale remote sensing data - Concepts and applications in heterogeneous Middle Asian agricultural landscapes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-102093},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Agriculture is mankind's primary source of food production and plays the key role for cereal supply to humanity. One of the future challenges will be to feed a constantly growing population, which is expected to reach more than nine billion by 2050. The potential to expand cropland is limited, and enhancing agricultural production efficiency is one important means to meet the future food demand. Hence, there is an increasing demand for dependable, accurate and comprehensive agricultural intelligence on crop production. The value of satellite earth observation (EO) data for agricultural monitoring is well recognized. One fundamental requirement for agricultural monitoring is routinely updated information on crop acreage and the spatial distribution of crops. With the technical advancement of satellite sensor systems, imagery with higher temporal and finer spatial resolution became available. The classification of such multi-temporal data sets is an effective and accurate means to produce crop maps, but methods must be developed that can handle such large and complex data sets. Furthermore, to properly use satellite EO for agricultural production monitoring a high temporal revisit frequency over vast geographic areas is often necessary. However, this often limits the spatial resolution that can be used. The challenge of discriminating pixels that correspond to a particular crop type, a prerequisite for crop specific agricultural monitoring, remains daunting when the signal encoded in pixels stems from several land uses (mixed pixels), e.g. over heterogeneous landscapes where individual fields are often smaller than individual pixels. The main purposes of the presented study were (i) to assess the influence of input dimensionality and feature selection on classification accuracy and uncertainty in object-based crop classification, (ii) to evaluate if combining classifier algorithms can improve the quality of crop maps (e.g. classification accuracy), (iii) to assess the spatial resolution requirements for crop identification via image classification. Reporting on the map quality is traditionally done with measures that stem from the confusion matrix based on the hard classification result. Yet, these measures do not consider the spatial variation of errors in maps. Measures of classification uncertainty can be used for this purpose, but they have attained only little attention in remote sensing studies. Classifier algorithms like the support vector machine (SVM) can estimate class memberships (the so called soft output) for each classified pixel or object. Based on these estimations, measures of classification uncertainty can be calculated, but it has not been analysed in detail, yet, if these are reliable in predicting the spatial distribution of errors in maps. In this study, SVM was applied for the classification of agricultural crops in irrigated landscapes in Middle Asia at the object-level. Five different categories of features were calculated from RapidEye time series data as classification input. The reliability of classification uncertainty measures like entropy, derived from the soft output of SVM, with regard to predicting the spatial distribution of error was evaluated. Further, the impact of the type and dimensionality of the input data on classification uncertainty was analysed. The results revealed that SMVs applied to the five feature categories separately performed different in classifying different types of crops. Incorporating all five categories of features by concatenating them into one stacked vector did not lead to an increase in accuracy, and partly reduced the model performance most obviously because of the Hughes phenomena. Yet, applying the random forest (RF) algorithm to select a subset of features led to an increase of classification accuracy of the SVM. The feature group with red edge-based indices was the most important for general crop classification, and the red edge NDVI had an outstanding importance for classifying crops. Two measures of uncertainty were calculated based on the soft output from SVM: maximum a-posteriori probability and alpha quadratic entropy. Irrespective of the measure used, the results indicate a decline in classification uncertainty when a dimensionality reduction was performed. The two uncertainty measures were found to be reliable indicators to predict errors in maps. Correctly classified test cases were associated with low uncertainty, whilst incorrectly test cases tended to be associated with higher uncertainty. The issue of combining the results of different classifier algorithms in order to increase classification accuracy was addressed. First, the SVM was compared with two other non-parametric classifier algorithms: multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) and RF. Despite their comparatively high classification performance, each of the tested classifier algorithms tended to make errors in different parts of the input space, e.g. performed different in classifying crops. Hence, a combination of the complementary outputs was envisaged. To this end, a classifier combination scheme was proposed, which is based on existing algebraic operators. It combines the outputs of different classifier algorithms at the per-case (e.g. pixel or object) basis. The per-case class membership estimations of each classifier algorithm were compared, and the reliability of each classifier algorithm with respect to classifying a specific crop class was assessed based on the confusion matrix. In doing so, less reliable classifier algorithms were excluded at the per-class basis before the final combination. Emphasis was put on evaluating the selected classification algorithms under limiting conditions by applying them to small input datasets and to reduced training sample sets, respectively. Further, the applicability to datasets from another year was demonstrated to assess temporal transferability. Although the single classifier algorithms performed well in all test sites, the classifier combination scheme provided consistently higher classification accuracies over all test sites and in different years, respectively. This makes this approach distinct from the single classifier algorithms, which performed different and showed a higher variability in class-wise accuracies. Further, the proposed classifier combination scheme performed better when using small training set sizes or when applied to small input datasets, respectively. A framework was proposed to quantitatively define pixel size requirements for crop identification via image classification. That framework is based on simulating how agricultural landscapes, and more specifically the fields covered by one crop of interest, are seen by instruments with increasingly coarser resolving power. The concept of crop specific pixel purity, defined as the degree of homogeneity of the signal encoded in a pixel with respect to the target crop type, is used to analyse how mixed the pixels can be (as they become coarser) without undermining their capacity to describe the desired surface properties (e.g. to distinguish crop classes via supervised or unsupervised image classification). This tool can be modulated using different parameterizations to explore trade-offs between pixel size and pixel purity when addressing the question of crop identification. Inputs to the experiments were eight multi-temporal images from the RapidEye sensor. Simulated pixel sizes ranged from 13 m to 747.5 m, in increments of 6.5 m. Constraining parameters for crop identification were defined by setting thresholds for classification accuracy and uncertainty. Results over irrigated agricultural landscapes in Middle Asia demonstrate that the task of finding the optimum pixel size did not have a "one-size-fits-all" solution. The resulting values for pixel size and purity that were suitable for crop identification proved to be specific to a given landscape, and for each crop they differed across different landscapes. Over the same time series, different crops were not identifiable simultaneously in the season and these requirements further changed over the years, reflecting the different agro-ecological conditions the investigated crops were growing in. Results further indicate that map quality (e.g. classification accuracy) was not homogeneously distributed in a landscape, but that it depended on the spatial structures and the pixel size, respectively. The proposed framework is generic and can be applied to any agricultural landscape, thereby potentially serving to guide recommendations for designing dedicated EO missions that can satisfy the requirements in terms of pixel size to identify and discriminate crop types. Regarding the operationalization of EO-based techniques for agricultural monitoring and its application to a broader range of agricultural landscapes, it can be noted that, despite the high performance of existing methods (e.g. classifier algorithms), transferability and stability of such methods remain one important research issue. This means that methods developed and tested in one place might not necessarily be portable to another place or over several years, respectively. Specifically in Middle Asia, which was selected as study region in this thesis, classifier combination makes sense due to its easy implementation and because it enhanced classification accuracy for classes with insufficient training samples. This observation makes it interesting for operational contexts and when field reference data availability is limited. Similar to the transferability of methods, the application of only one certain kind of EO data (e.g. with one specific pixel size) over different landscapes needs to be revisited and the synergistic use of multi-scale data, e.g. combining remote sensing imagery of both fine and coarse spatial resolution, should be fostered. The necessity to predict and control the effects of spatial and temporal scale on crop classification is recognized here as a major goal to achieve in EO-based agricultural monitoring.},
  subject      = {Fernerkundung},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DrechslerRitzTomaschitzetal.2013,
  author    = {Drechsler, Christiane and Ritz, Eberhard and Tomaschitz, Andreas and Pilz, Stefan and Sch{\"o}nfeld, Stephan and Blouin, Katja and Bidlingmaier, Martin and Hammer, Fabian and Krane, Vera and M{\"a}rz, Winfried and Allolio, Bruno and Fassnacht, Martin and Wanner, Christoph},
  title     = {Aldosterone and cortisol affect the risk of sudden cardiac death in haemodialysis patients},
  series = {European Heart Journal},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {European Heart Journal},
  doi       = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehs361},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132562},
  pages     = {578-585},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: Sudden cardiac death is common and accounts largely for the excess mortality of patients on maintenance dialysis. It is unknown whether aldosterone and cortisol increase the incidence of sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients. Methods and results: We analysed data from 1255 diabetic haemodialysis patients participating in the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study (4D Study). Categories of aldosterone and cortisol were determined at baseline and patients were followed for a median of 4 years. By Cox regression analyses, hazard ratios (HRs) were determined for the effect of aldosterone, cortisol, and their combination on sudden death and other adjudicated cardiovascular outcomes. The mean age of the patients was 66 ± 8 years (54\% male). Median aldosterone was <15 pg/mL (detection limit) and cortisol 16.8 µg/dL. Patients with aldosterone levels >200 pg/mL had a significantly higher risk of sudden death (HR: 1.69; 95\% CI: 1.06-2.69) compared with those with an aldosterone <15 pg/mL. The combined presence of high aldosterone (>200 pg/mL) and high cortisol (>21.1 µg/dL) levels increased the risk of sudden death in striking contrast to patients with low aldosterone (<15 pg/mL) and low cortisol (<13.2 µg/dL) levels (HR: 2.86, 95\% CI: 1.32-6.21). Furthermore, all-cause mortality was significantly increased in the patients with high levels of both hormones (HR: 1.62, 95\% CI: 1.01-2.62). Conclusions: The joint presence of high aldosterone and high cortisol levels is strongly associated with sudden cardiac death as well as all-cause mortality in haemodialysed type 2 diabetic patients. Whether a blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor decreases the risk of sudden death in these patients must be examined in future trials.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ElsebergBorrmannNuechter2013,
  author    = {Elseberg, Jan and Borrmann, Dorit and N{\"u}chter, Andreas},
  title     = {Algorithmic Solutions for Computing Precise Maximum Likelihood 3D Point Clouds from Mobile Laser Scanning Platforms},
  series = {Remote Sensing},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Remote Sensing},
  number    = {11},
  doi       = {10.3390/rs5115871},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130478},
  pages     = {5871-5906},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Mobile laser scanning puts high requirements on the accuracy of the positioning systems and the calibration of the measurement system. We present a novel algorithmic approach for calibration with the goal of improving the measurement accuracy of mobile laser scanners. We describe a general framework for calibrating mobile sensor platforms that estimates all configuration parameters for any arrangement of positioning sensors, including odometry. In addition, we present a novel semi-rigid Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm that corrects the vehicle position at every point in time along its trajectory, while simultaneously improving the quality and precision of the entire acquired point cloud. Using this algorithm, the temporary failure of accurate external positioning systems or the lack thereof can be compensated for. We demonstrate the capabilities of the two newly proposed algorithms on a wide variety of datasets.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AndersTrautmann2013,
  author    = {Anders, Diana and Trautmann, Axel},
  title     = {Allergic anaphylaxis due to subcutaneously injected heparin},
  series = {Allergy, Asthma \& Clinical Immunology},
  journal   = {Allergy, Asthma \& Clinical Immunology},
  doi       = {10.1186/1710-1492-9-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96214},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Heparins are one of the most used class of anticoagulants in daily clinical practice. Despite their widespread application immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to heparins are rare. Among these, the delayed-type reactions to s.c. injected heparins are well-known usually presenting as circumscribed eczematous plaques at the injection sites. In contrast, potentially life-threatening systemic immediate-type anaphylactic reactions to heparins are extremely rare. Recently, some cases of non-allergic anaphylaxis could be attributed to undesirable heparin contaminants. A 43-year-old patient developed severe anaphylaxis symptoms within 5-10 minutes after s.c. injection of enoxaparin. Titrated skin prick testing with wheal and flare responses up to an enoxaparin dilution of 1:10.000 indicated a probable allergic mechanism of the enoxaparin-induced anaphylaxis. The basophil activation test as an additional in-vitro test method was negative. Furthermore, skin prick testing showed rather broad cross-reactivity among different heparin preparations tested. In the presented case, history, symptoms, and results of skin testing strongly suggested an IgE-mediated allergic hypersensitivity against different heparins. Therefore, as safe alternative anticoagulants the patient could receive beneath coumarins the hirudins or direct thrombin inhibitors. Because these compounds have a completely different molecular structure compared with the heparin-polysaccharides.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FujiKappEinsele2013,
  author    = {Fuji, Shigeo and Kapp, Markus and Einsele, Hermann},
  title     = {Alloreactivity of virus-specific T cells: possible implication of graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia effects},
  series = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  number    = {330},
  doi       = {10.3389/fimmu.2013.00330},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129260},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Immune reconstitution of functional virus-specific T cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been intensively investigated. However, the possible role of crossreactivity of these virus-specific T cells against allogeneic targets is still unclear. Theoretically, as in the field of organ transplantation, virus-specific T cells possess crossreactivity potential after allogeneic HSCT. Such crossreactivity is assumed to play a role in graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia effects. In this article, we aim to give a comprehensive overview of current understanding about crossreactivity of virus-specific T cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BoehmVasliMaureretal.2013,
  author    = {B{\"o}hm, Johann and Vasli, Nasim and Maurer, Marie and Cowling, Belinda and Shelton, G. Diane and Kress, Wolfram and Toussaint, Anne and Prokic, Ivana and Schara, Ulrike and Anderson, Thomas James and Weis, Joachim and Tiret, Laurent and Laporte, Jocelyn},
  title     = {Altered Splicing of the BIN1 Muscle-Specific Exon in Humans and Dogs with Highly Progressive Centronuclear Myopathy},
  series = {PLOS Genetics},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {PLOS Genetics},
  number    = {6},
  issn      = {1553-7404},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1003430},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-127590},
  pages     = {e1003430},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Amphiphysin 2, encoded by BIN1, is a key factor for membrane sensing and remodelling in different cell types. Homozygous BIN1 mutations in ubiquitously expressed exons are associated with autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy (CNM), a mildly progressive muscle disorder typically showing abnormal nuclear centralization on biopsies. In addition, misregulation of BIN1 splicing partially accounts for the muscle defects in myotonic dystrophy (DM). However, the muscle-specific function of amphiphysin 2 and its pathogenicity in both muscle disorders are not well understood. In this study we identified and characterized the first mutation affecting the splicing of the muscle-specific BIN1 exon 11 in a consanguineous family with rapidly progressive and ultimately fatal centronuclear myopathy. In parallel, we discovered a mutation in the same BIN1 exon 11 acceptor splice site as the genetic cause of the canine Inherited Myopathy of Great Danes (IMGD). Analysis of RNA from patient muscle demonstrated complete skipping of exon 11 and BIN1 constructs without exon 11 were unable to promote membrane tubulation in differentiated myotubes. Comparative immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analyses of patient and canine biopsies revealed common structural defects, emphasizing the importance of amphiphysin 2 in membrane remodelling and maintenance of the skeletal muscle triad. Our data demonstrate that the alteration of the muscle-specific function of amphiphysin 2 is a common pathomechanism for centronuclear myopathy, myotonic dystrophy, and IMGD. The IMGD dog is the first faithful model for human BIN1-related CNM and represents a mammalian model available for preclinical trials of potential therapies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AtanasovBenkertThelenetal.2013,
  author    = {Atanasov, Georgi and Benkert, Christoph and Thelen, Armin and Tappe, Dennis and Frosch, Matthias and Teichmann, Dieter and Barth, Thomas F. E. and Wittekind, Christian and Schubert, Stefan and Jonas, Sven},
  title     = {Alveolar echinococcosis-spreading disease challenging clinicians: A case report and literature review},
  series = {World Journal of Gastroenterology},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {World Journal of Gastroenterology},
  number    = {26},
  doi       = {10.3748/wjg.v19.i26.4257},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131525},
  pages     = {4257-4261},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a potentially deadly disease; recent studies have shown that the endemic area of Echinococcus multilocularis, its causative agent, is larger than previously known. This disease has low prevalence and remains underreported in Europe. Emerging clinical data show that diagnostic difficulties are still common. We report on a 76-year old patient suffering from AE lesions restricted to the left lobe of the liver who underwent a curative extended left hemihepatectomy. Prior to the resection a liver biopsy under the suspicion of an atypical malignancy was performed. After the intervention he developed a pseudoaneurysm of the hepatic artery that was successfully coiled. Surprisingly, during surgery, the macroscopic appearance of the tumour revealed a growth pattern that was rather typical for cystic echinococcosis (CE), i.e., a gross tumour composed of multiple large vesicles with several centimeters in diameter. In addition, there were neither extensive adhesions nor infiltrations of the neighboring pancreas and diaphragm as was expected from previous imaging results. The unexpected diagnosis of AE was confirmed by definite histopathology, specific polymerase chain reaction and serology results. This is a rare case of unusual macroscopic presentation of AE that posed immense diagnostic challenges and had an eventful course. To our knowledge this is the first case of an autochthonous infection in this particular geographic area of Germany, the federal state of Saxony. This report may provide new hints for an expanding area of risk for AE and emphasizes the risk of complications in the scope of diagnostic procedures and the limitations of modern radiological imaging.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Zancolli2013,
  author    = {Zancolli, Giulia},
  title     = {Amphibian diversity along the slope of Mount Kilimanjaro: from species to genes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-91792},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {1. Since the early nineteenth century describing (and understanding) patterns of distribution of biodiversity across the Earth has represented one of the most significant intellectual challenges to ecologists and biogeographers. Among the most striking patterns of species richness are: the latitudinal and elevational gradients, with peaks in number of species at low latitudes and somewhere at mid altitudes, although other patterns, e.g. declines with increasing elevation, are often observed. Even in highly diverse tropical regions, species richness is not evenly distributed but there are "hotspots" of biodiversity where an exceptional number of species, especially endemics, are concentrated. Unfortunately, such areas are also experiencing dramatic loss of habitat. Among vertebrate taxa, amphibians are facing the most alarming number of extinctions. Habitat destruction, pollution and emergence of infectious diseases such as chytridiomycosis, are causing worldwide population declines. Responses to these drivers can be multidirectional and subtle, i.e. they may not be captured at the species but at the genetic level. Moreover, present patterns of diversity can result from the influence of past geological, climatic and environmental changes. In this study, I used a multidisciplinary and multilevel approach to understand how and to which extent the landscape influences amphibian diversity. Mount Kilimanjaro is an exceptional tropical region where the landscape is rapidly evolving due to land use changes; additionally, there is a broad lack of knowledge of its amphibian fauna. During two rainy seasons in 2011, I recorded anurans from the foothills to 3500 m altitude; in addition, I focused on two river frog species and collected tissue samples for genetic analysis and swabs for detection of chytridiomycosis, the deadly disease caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). 2. I analyzed how species richness and composition change with increasing elevation and anthropogenic disturbance. In order to disentangle the observed patterns of species diversity and distribution, I incorporated inferences from historical biogeography and compared the assemblage of Mt. Kilimanjaro and Mt. Meru (both recent volcanoes) with those of the older Eastern Arc Mountains. Species richness decreased with elevation and locally increased in presence of water bodies, but I did not detect effects of either anthropogenic disturbance or vegetation structure on species richness and composition. Moreover, I found a surprisingly low number of forest species. Historical events seem to underlie the current pattern of species distribution; the young age of Mt. Kilimanjaro and the complex biogeographic processes which occurred in East Africa during the last 20 million years prevented montane forest frogs from colonizing the volcano. 3. I focused on the genetic level of biodiversity and investigated how the landscape, i.e. elevation, topographic relief and land cover, influence genetic variation, population structure and gene flow of two ecologically similar and closely related river frog species, namely Amietia angolensis and Amietia wittei. I detected greater genetic differentiation among populations in the highland species (A. wittei) and higher genetic variation in the lowland species (A. angolensis), although genetic diversity was not significantly correlated with elevation. Importantly, human settlements seemed to restrict gene flow in A. angolensis, whereas steep slopes were positively correlated with gene flow in A. wittei. This results show that even ecologically similar species can respond differently to landscape processes and that the spatial configuration of topographic features combined with species-specific biological attributes can affect dispersal and gene flow in disparate ways. 4. River frogs of the genus Amietia seem to be particularly susceptible to chytridiomycosis, showing the highest pathogen load in Kenya and other African countries. In the last study, I collected swab samples from larvae of A. angolensis and A. wittei for Bd detection. Both species resulted Bd-positive. The presence of Bd on Mt. Kilimanjaro has serious implication. For instance, Bd can be transported by footwear of hikers from contaminated water and soil. Tourists visiting Mt. Kilimanjaro may translocate Bd zoospores to other areas such as the nearby Eastern Arc Mts. where endemic and vulnerable species may still be na{\"i}ve to the fungus and thus suffer of population declines. 5. My study significantly contributed to the knowledge of the amphibian fauna of Mt. Kilimanjaro and of East Africa in general, and it represents a valuable tool for future conservation actions and measures. Finally, it highlights the importance of using a multidisciplinary (i.e. community ecology, historical biogeography, landscape genetics, disease ecology) and multilevel (i.e. community, species, population, gene) approach to disentangle patterns of biodiversity.},
  subject      = {Kilimandscharo},
  language  = {en}
}
@unpublished{GeiselhartGielenLazaretal.2013,
  author    = {Geiselhart, Roman and Gielen, Rob H. and Lazar, Mircea and Wirth, Fabian R.},
  title     = {An Alternative Converse Lyapunov Theorem for Discrete-Time Systems},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78512},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {This paper presents an alternative approach for obtaining a converse Lyapunov theorem for discrete-time systems. The proposed approach is constructive, as it provides an explicit Lyapunov function. The developed converse theorem establishes existence of global Lyapunov functions for globally exponentially stable (GES) systems and semi-global practical Lyapunov functions for globally asymptotically stable systems. Furthermore, for specific classes of sys- tems, the developed converse theorem can be used to establish non-conservatism of a particular type of Lyapunov functions. Most notably, a proof that conewise linear Lyapunov functions are non-conservative for GES conewise linear systems is given and, as a by-product, tractable construction of polyhedral Lyapunov functions for linear systems is attained.},
  subject      = {Ljapunov-Funktion},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GageikStrohmeierMontenegro2013,
  author    = {Gageik, Nils and Strohmeier, Michael and Montenegro, Sergio},
  title     = {An Autonomous UAV with an Optical Flow Sensor for Positioning and Navigation},
  series = {International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems},
  journal   = {International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems},
  doi       = {10.5772/56813},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96368},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {A procedure to control all six DOF (degrees of freedom) of a UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) without an external reference system and to enable fully autonomous flight is presented here. For 2D positioning the principle of optical flow is used. Together with the output of height estimation, fusing ultrasonic, infrared and inertial and pressure sensor data, the 3D position of the UAV can be computed, controlled and steered. All data processing is done on the UAV. An external computer with a pathway planning interface is for commanding purposes only. The presented system is part of the AQopterI8 project, which aims to develop an autonomous flying quadrocopter for indoor application. The focus of this paper is 2D positioning using an optical flow sensor. As a result of the performed evaluation, it can be concluded that for position hold, the standard deviation of the position error is 10cm and after landing the position error is about 30cm.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SirenStetterHirschbergetal.2013,
  author    = {Sir{\´e}n, Anna-Leena and Stetter, Christian and Hirschberg, Markus and Nieswandt, Bernhard and Ernestus, Ralf-Ingo and Heckmann, Manfred},
  title     = {An experimental protocol for in vivo imaging of neuronal structural plasticity with 2-photon microscopy in mice},
  series = {Experimental \& Translational Stroke Medicine},
  journal   = {Experimental \& Translational Stroke Medicine},
  doi       = {10.1186/2040-7378-5-9},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96908},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Introduction Structural plasticity with synapse formation and elimination is a key component of memory capacity and may be critical for functional recovery after brain injury. Here we describe in detail two surgical techniques to create a cranial window in mice and show crucial points in the procedure for long-term repeated in vivo imaging of synaptic structural plasticity in the mouse neocortex. Methods Transgenic Thy1-YFP(H) mice expressing yellow-fluorescent protein (YFP) in layer-5 pyramidal neurons were prepared under anesthesia for in vivo imaging of dendritic spines in the parietal cortex either with an open-skull glass or thinned skull window. After a recovery period of 14 days, imaging sessions of 45-60 min in duration were started under fluothane anesthesia. To reduce respiration-induced movement artifacts, the skull was glued to a stainless steel plate fixed to metal base. The animals were set under a two-photon microscope with multifocal scanhead splitter (TriMScope, LaVision BioTec) and the Ti-sapphire laser was tuned to the optimal excitation wavelength for YFP (890 nm). Images were acquired by using a 20×, 0.95 NA, water-immersion objective (Olympus) in imaging depth of 100-200 μm from the pial surface. Two-dimensional projections of three-dimensional image stacks containing dendritic segments of interest were saved for further analysis. At the end of the last imaging session, the mice were decapitated and the brains removed for histological analysis. Results Repeated in vivo imaging of dendritic spines of the layer-5 pyramidal neurons was successful using both open-skull glass and thinned skull windows. Both window techniques were associated with low phototoxicity after repeated sessions of imaging. Conclusions Repeated imaging of dendritic spines in vivo allows monitoring of long-term structural dynamics of synapses. When carefully controlled for influence of repeated anesthesia and phototoxicity, the method will be suitable to study changes in synaptic structural plasticity after brain injury.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Audretsch2013,
  author    = {Audretsch, Christof},
  title     = {Analysing Quorum Sensing and Biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-92189},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Staphylococcus aureus (SA) causes nosocomial infections including life threatening sepsis by multi-resistant strains (MRSA). It has the ability to form biofilms to protect it from the host immune system and from anti staphylococcal drugs. Biofilm and planctonic life style is regulated by a complex Quorum-Sensing (QS) system with agr as a central regulator. To study biofilm formation and QS mechanisms in SA a Boolean network was build (94 nodes, 184 edges) including two different component systems such as agr, sae and arl. Important proteins such as Sar, Rot and SigB were included as further nodes in the model. System analysis showed there are only two stable states biofilm forming versus planctonic with clearly different subnetworks turned on. Validation according to gene expression data confirmed this. Network consistency was tested first according to previous knowledge and literature. Furthermore, the predicted node activity of different in silico knock-out strains agreed well with corresponding micro array experiments and data sets. Additional validation included the expression of further nodes (Northern blots) and biofilm production compared in different knock-out strains in biofilm adherence assays. The model faithfully reproduces the behaviour of QS signalling mutants. The integrated model allows also prediction of various other network mutations and is supported by experimental data from different strains. Furthermore, the well connected hub proteins elucidate how integration of different inputs is achieved by the QS network. For in silico as well as in vitro experiments it was found that the sae-locus is also a central modulator of biofilm production. Sae knock-out strains showed stronger biofilms. Wild type phenotype was rescued by sae complementation. To elucidate the way in which sae takes influence on biofilm formation the network was used and Venn-diagrams were made, revealing nodes regulated by sae and changed in biofilms. In these Venn-diagrams nucleases and extracellular proteins were found to be promising nodes. The network revealed DNAse to be of great importance. Therefore qualitatively the DNAse amount, produced by different SA mutants was measured, it was tried to dissolve biofilms with according amounts of DNAse and the concentration of nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides were measured in biofilms of different SA mutants. With its thorough validation the network model provides a powerful tool to study QS and biofilm formation in SA, including successful predictions for different knock-out mutant behaviour, QS signalling and biofilm formation. This includes implications for the behaviour of MRSA strains and mutants. Key regulatory mutation combinations (agr-, sae-, sae-/agr-, sigB+, sigB+/sae-) were directly tested in the model but also in experiments. High connectivity was a good guide to identify master regulators, whose detailed behaviour was studied both in vitro and in the model. Together, both lines of evidence support in particular a refined regulatory role for sae and agr with involvement in biofilm repression and/or SA dissemination. With examination of the composition of different mutant biofilms as well as with the examination of the reaction cascade that connects sae to the biofilm forming ability of SA and also by postulating that nucleases might play an important role in that, first steps were taken in proving and explaining regulatory links leading from sae to biofilms. Furthermore differences in biofilms of different mutant SA strains were found leading us in perspective towards a new understanding of biofilms including knowledge how to better regulate, fight and use its different properties.},
  subject      = {Staphylococcus aureus},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{DasGupta2013,
  author    = {Das Gupta, Mithun},
  title     = {Analyse von MicroRNA-Profilen in humanen dendritischen Zellen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-108326},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The field of microRNA research has gained enormous significance during recent years. Current studies have shown that microRNAs play an important role in many biological processes via posttranscriptional gene regulation. This also applies for the TLR-mediated recognition of pathogens by immune cells. Among others, the microRNAs miR-132, miR-146a and miR-155 have been characterized by various authors. However, the specific role of microRNAs in the defense against fungal infections by Aspergillus fumigatus has not been investigated so far, although this ubiquitous mold causes severe infections in immuno-compromised patients. As dendritic cells play a pivotal part in the in vivo recognition of A. fumigatus, the present study investigates the reaction of these cells to A. fumigatus and other pathogens on the microRNA level. For this purpose, dendritic cells were incubated with different forms of A. fumigatus and other pathogens for up to twelve hours. Subsequently, the expression of miR-132, miR-146a and miR-155 was quantified by real-time PCR. Levels of miR-132 in dendritic cells were significantly increased after stimulation with living germ tubes of A. fum, but showed no change after treatment with LPS. Relative expression level of miR-146a was moderately elevated upon stimulation with LPS, but did not respond to co-cultivation with living germ tubes. MiR-155 was highly induced by both stimuli. These results show, that dependent on the stimulus, microRNAs are differentially regulated in dendritic cells. Among the tested microRNAs, miR-155 showed the strongest and most stable expression values. Therefore, further experiments focused on this mircoRNA. It was shown, that the up-regulation of miR-155 is dependent on the germination stage of the fungus. Induction of miR-155 was low with conidia, moderate with hyphae and high with germ tubes. The extent of miR-155 induction also corresponded with the multiplicity of infection (MOI), with higher MOIs triggering a stronger miR-155 response. These results suggest that miR-132 and miR-155 play an important role in the immunologic reaction of DCs against A. fumigatus and that a further characterization of these microRNA, especially with respect to their specific function in DCs, could contribute to the understanding of the biological mechanisms of Aspergillosis.},
  subject      = {Aspergillus fumigatus},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrehmKoziolKrohne2013,
  author    = {Brehm, Klaus and Koziol, Uriel and Krohne, Georg},
  title     = {Anatomy and development of the larval nervous system in Echinococcus multilocularis},
  series = {Frontiers in Zoology},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Zoology},
  doi       = {10.1186/1742-9994-10-24},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96504},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background The metacestode larva of Echinococcus multilocularis (Cestoda: Taeniidae) develops in the liver of intermediate hosts (typically rodents, or accidentally in humans) as a labyrinth of interconnected cysts that infiltrate the host tissue, causing the disease alveolar echinococcosis. Within the cysts, protoscoleces (the infective stage for the definitive canid host) arise by asexual multiplication. These consist of a scolex similar to that of the adult, invaginated within a small posterior body. Despite the importance of alveolar echinococcosis for human health, relatively little is known about the basic biology, anatomy and development of E. multilocularis larvae, particularly with regard to their nervous system. Results We describe the existence of a subtegumental nerve net in the metacestode cysts, which is immunoreactive for acetylated tubulin-α and contains small populations of nerve cells that are labeled by antibodies raised against several invertebrate neuropeptides. However, no evidence was found for the existence of cholinergic or serotoninergic elements in the cyst wall. Muscle fibers occur without any specific arrangement in the subtegumental layer, and accumulate during the invaginations of the cyst wall that form brood capsules, where protoscoleces develop. The nervous system of the protoscolex develops independently of that of the metacestode cyst, with an antero-posterior developmental gradient. The combination of antibodies against several nervous system markers resulted in a detailed description of the protoscolex nervous system, which is remarkably complex and already similar to that of the adult worm. Conclusions We provide evidence for the first time of the existence of a nervous system in the metacestode cyst wall, which is remarkable given the lack of motility of this larval stage, and the lack of serotoninergic and cholinergic elements. We propose that it could function as a neuroendocrine system, derived from the nervous system present in the bladder tissue of other taeniids. The detailed description of the development and anatomy of the protoscolex neuromuscular system is a necessary first step toward the understanding of the developmental mechanisms operating in these peculiar larval stages.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HuangBelharazemLietal.2013,
  author    = {Huang, Bei and Belharazem, Djeda and Li, Li and Kneitz, Susanne and Schnabel, Philipp A. and Rieker, Ralf J. and K{\"o}rner, Daniel and Nix, Wilfried and Schalke, Berthold and M{\"u}ller-Hermelink, Hans Konrad and Ott, German and Rosenwald, Andreas and Str{\"o}bel, Philipp and Marx, Alexander},
  title     = {Anti-apoptotic signature in thymic squamous cell carcinomas - functional relevance of anti-apoptotic BIRC3 expression in the thymic carcinoma cell line 1889c},
  series = {Frontiers in Oncology},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Oncology},
  number    = {316},
  doi       = {10.3389/fonc.2013.00316},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132214},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The molecular pathogenesis of thymomas and thymic arcinomas (TCs) is poorly understood and results of adjuvant therapy are unsatisfactory in case of metastatic disease and tumor recurrence. For these clinical settings, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Recently, limited sequencing efforts revealed that a broad spectrum of genes that play key roles in various common cancers are rarely affected in thymomas and TCs, suggesting that other oncogenic principles might be important.This made us re-analyze historic expression data obtained in a spectrumof thymomas and thymic squamous cell carcinomas (TSCCs) with a custom-made cDNA microarray. By cluster analysis, different anti-apoptotic signatures were detected in type B3 thymoma and TSCC, including overexpression of BIRC3 in TSCCs. This was confirmed by qRT-PCR in the original and an independent validation set of tumors. In contrast to several other cancer cell lines, the BIRC3-positive TSCC cell line, 1889c showed spontaneous apoptosis after BIRC3 knock-down. Targeting apoptosis genes is worth testing as therapeutic principle in TSCC.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{vanDintherZhangWeidaueretal.2013,
  author    = {van Dinther, Maarten and Zhang, Juan and Weidauer, Stella E. and Boschert, Verena and Muth, Eva-Maria and Knappik, Achim and de Gorter, David J. J. and van Kasteren, Puck B. and Frisch, Christian and M{\"u}ller, Thomas D. and ten Dijke, Peter},
  title     = {Anti-Sclerostin Antibody Inhibits Internalization of Sclerostin and Sclerostin-Mediated Antagonism of Wnt/LRP6 Signaling},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {4},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0062295},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130981},
  pages     = {e62295},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Sclerosteosis is a rare high bone mass disease that is caused by inactivating mutations in the SOST gene. Its gene product, Sclerostin, is a key negative regulator of bone formation and might therefore serve as a target for the anabolic treatment of osteoporosis. The exact molecular mechanism by which Sclerostin exerts its antagonistic effects on Wnt signaling in bone forming osteoblasts remains unclear. Here we show that Wnt3a-induced transcriptional responses and induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, an early marker of osteoblast differentiation, require the Wnt co-receptors LRP5 and LRP6. Unlike Dickkopf1 (DKK1), Sclerostin does not inhibit Wnt-3a-induced phosphorylation of LRP5 at serine 1503 or LRP6 at serine 1490. Affinity labeling of cell surface proteins with \([^{125} I]\) Sclerostin identified LRP6 as the main specific Sclerostin receptor in multiple mesenchymal cell lines. When cells were challenged with Sclerostin fused to recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) this was internalized, likely via a Clathrin-dependent process, and subsequently degraded in a temperature and proteasome-dependent manner. Ectopic expression of LRP6 greatly enhanced binding and cellular uptake of Sclerostin-GFP, which was reduced by the addition of an excess of non-GFP-fused Sclerostin. Finally, an anti-Sclerostin antibody inhibited the internalization of Sclerostin-GFP and binding of Sclerostin to LRP6. Moreover, this antibody attenuated the antagonistic activity of Sclerostin on canonical Wnt-induced responses.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BeierGaetschenbergerAzzamietal.2013,
  author    = {Beier, Hildburg and G{\"a}tschenberger, Heike and Azzami, Klara and Tautz, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Antibacterial Immune Competence of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Is Adapted to Different Life Stages and Environmental Risks},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0066415},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96895},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {The development of all honey bee castes proceeds through three different life stages all of which encounter microbial infections to a various extent. We have examined the immune strength of honey bees across all developmental stages with emphasis on the temporal expression of cellular and humoral immune responses upon artificial challenge with viable Escherichia coli bacteria. We employed a broad array of methods to investigate defence strategies of infected individuals: (a) fate of bacteria in the haemocoel; (b) nodule formation and (c) induction of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Newly emerged adult worker bees and drones were able to activate efficiently all examined immune reactions. The number of viable bacteria circulating in the haemocoel of infected bees declined rapidly by more than two orders of magnitude within the first 4-6 h post-injection (p.i.), coinciding with the occurrence of melanised nodules. Antimicrobial activity, on the other hand, became detectable only after the initial bacterial clearance. These two temporal patterns of defence reactions very likely represent the constitutive cellular and the induced humoral immune response. A unique feature of honey bees is that a fraction of worker bees survives the winter season in a cluster mostly engaged in thermoregulation. We show here that the overall immune strength of winter bees matches that of young summer bees although nodulation reactions are not initiated at all. As expected, high doses of injected viable E.coli bacteria caused no mortality in larvae or adults of each age. However, drone and worker pupae succumbed to challenge with E.coli even at low doses, accompanied by a premature darkening of the pupal body. In contrast to larvae and adults, we observed no fast clearance of viable bacteria and no induction of AMPs but a rapid proliferation of E.coli bacteria in the haemocoel of bee pupae ultimately leading to their death.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Busch2013,
  author    = {Busch, Martin},
  title     = {Aortic Dendritic Cell Subsets in Healthy and Atherosclerotic Mice and The Role of the miR-17~92 Cluster in Dendritic Cells},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-71683},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Atherosclerosis is accepted to be a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial vessel wall. Several cellular subsets of the immune system are involved in its initiation and progression, such as monocytes, macrophages, T and B cells. Recent research has demonstrated that dendritic cells (DCs) contribute to atherosclerosis, too. DCs are defined by their ability to sense and phagocyte antigens, to migrate and to prime other immune cells, such as T cells. Although all DCs share these functional characteristics, they are heterogeneous with respect to phenotype and origin. Several markers have been used to describe DCs in different lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs; however, none of them has proven to be unambiguous. The expression of surface molecules is highly variable depending on the state of activation and the surrounding tissue. Furthermore, DCs in the aorta or the atherosclerotic plaque can be derived from designated precursor cells or from monocytes. In addition, DCs share both their marker expression and their functional characteristics with other myeloid cells like monocytes and macrophages. The repertoire of aortic DCs in healthy and atherosclerotic mice has just recently started to be explored, but yet there is no systemic study available, which describes the aortic DC compartment. Because it is conceivable that distinct aortic DC subsets exert dedicated functions, a detailed description of vascular DCs is required. The first part of this thesis characterizes DC subsets in healthy and atherosclerotic mice. It describes a previously unrecognized DC subset and also sheds light on the origin of vascular DCs. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to regulate several cellular functions, such as apoptosis, differentiation, development or proliferation. Although several cell types have been characterized extensively with regard to the miRNAs involved in their regulation, only few studies are available that focus on the role of miRNAs in DCs. Because an improved understanding of the regulation of DC functions would allow for new therapeutic options, research on miRNAs in DCs is required. The second part of this thesis focuses on the role of the miRNA cluster miR- 17~92 in DCs by exploring its functions in healthy and atherosclerotic mice. This thesis clearly demonstrates for the first time an anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective role for the miR17-92 cluster. A model for its mechanism is suggested.},
  subject      = {Aorta},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RestMayoralFernandez2013,
  author    = {Rest, Christina and Mayoral, Mar{\´i}a Jos{\´e} and Fern{\´a}ndez, Gustavo},
  title     = {Aqueous Self-Sorting in Extended Supramolecular Aggregates},
  series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijms14011541},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129435},
  pages     = {1541-1565},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Self-organization and self-sorting processes are responsible for the regulation and control of the vast majority of biological processes that eventually sustain life on our planet. Attempts to unveil the complexity of these systems have been devoted to the investigation of the binding processes between artificial molecules, complexes or aggregates within multicomponent mixtures, which has facilitated the emergence of the field of self-sorting in the last decade. Since, artificial systems involving discrete supramolecular structures, extended supramolecular aggregates or gel-phase materials in organic solvents or—to a lesser extent—in water have been investigated. In this review, we have collected diverse strategies employed in recent years to construct extended supramolecular aggregates in water upon self-sorting of small synthetic molecules. We have made particular emphasis on co-assembly processes in binary mixtures leading to supramolecular structures of remarkable complexity and the influence of different external variables such as solvent and concentration to direct recognition or discrimination processes between these species. The comprehension of such recognition phenomena will be crucial for the organization and evolution of complex matter.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TappeHaeuplerSchaeferetal.2013,
  author    = {Tappe, Dennis and Haeupler, Alexandra and Sch{\"a}fer, Hansj{\"o}rg and Racz, Paul and Cramer, Jakob P. and Poppert, Sven},
  title     = {Armillifer armillatus Pentastomiasis in African Immigrant, Germany},
  series = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
  volume    = {19},
  journal   = {Emerging Infectious Diseases},
  number    = {3},
  doi       = {10.3201/eid1903.121508},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129054},
  pages     = {507-508},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ManchiaAdliAkulaetal.2013,
  author    = {Manchia, Mirko and Adli, Mazda and Akula, Nirmala and Arda, Raffaella and Aubry, Jean-Michel and Backlund, Lena and Banzato, Claudio E. M. and Baune, Bernhard T. and Bellivier, Frank and Bengesser, Susanne and Biernacka, Joanna M. and Brichant-Petitjean, Clara and Bui, Elise and Calkin, Cynthia V. and Cheng, Andrew Tai Ann and Chillotti, Caterina and Cichon, Sven and Clark, Scott and Czerski, Piotr M. and Dantas, Clarissa and Del Zompo, Maria and DePaulo, J. Raymond and Detera-Wadleigh, Sevilla D. and Etain, Bruno and Falkai, Peter and Fris{\´e}n, Louise and Frye, Mark A. and Fullerton, Jan and Gard, S{\´e}bastien and Garnham, Julie and Goes, Fernando S. and Grof, Paul and Gruber, Oliver and Hashimoto, Ryota and Hauser, Joanna and Heilbronner, Urs and Hoban, Rebecca and Hou, Liping and Jamain, St{\´e}phane and Kahn, Jean-Pierre and Kassem, Layla and Kato, Tadafumi and Kelsoe, John R. and Kittel-Schneider, Sarah and Kliwicki, Sebastian and Kuo, Po-Hsiu and Kusumi, Ichiro and Laje, Gonzalo and Lavebratt, Catharina and Leboyer, Marion and Leckband, Susan G. and L{\´o}pez Jaramillo, Carlos A. and Maj, Mario and Malafosse, Alain and Martinsson, Lina and Masui, Takuya and Mitchell, Philip B. and Mondimore, Frank and Monteleone, Palmiero and Nallet, Audrey and Neuner, Maria and Nov{\´a}k, Tom{\´a}s and O'Donovan, Claire and {\"O}sby, Urban and Ozaki, Norio and Perlis, Roy H. and Pfennig, Andrea and Potash, James B. and Reich-Erkelenz, Daniela and Reif, Andreas and Reininghaus, Eva and Richardson, Sara and Rouleau, Guy A. and Rybakowski, Janusz K. and Schalling, Martin and Schofield, Peter R. and Schubert, Oliver K. and Schweizer, Barbara and Seem{\"u}ller, Florian and Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria and Severino, Giovanni and Seymour, Lisa R. and Slaney, Claire and Smoller, Jordan W. and Squassina, Alessio and Stamm, Thomas and Steele, Jo and Stopkova, Pavla and Tighe, Sarah K. and Tortorella, Alfonso and Turecki, Gustavo and Wray, Naomi R. and Wright, Adam and Zandi, Peter P. and Zilles, David and Bauer, Michael and Rietschel, Marcella and McMahon, Francis J. and Schulze, Thomas G. and Alda, Martin},
  title     = {Assessment of Response to Lithium Maintenance Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: A Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen) Report},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {6},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0065636},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130938},
  pages     = {e65636},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Objective: The assessment of response to lithium maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder (BD) is complicated by variable length of treatment, unpredictable clinical course, and often inconsistent compliance. Prospective and retrospective methods of assessment of lithium response have been proposed in the literature. In this study we report the key phenotypic measures of the "Retrospective Criteria of Long-Term Treatment Response in Research Subjects with Bipolar Disorder" scale currently used in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics (ConLiGen) study. Materials and Methods: Twenty-nine ConLiGen sites took part in a two-stage case-vignette rating procedure to examine inter-rater agreement [Kappa (\(\kappa\))] and reliability [intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC)] of lithium response. Annotated first-round vignettes and rating guidelines were circulated to expert research clinicians for training purposes between the two stages. Further, we analyzed the distributional properties of the treatment response scores available for 1,308 patients using mixture modeling. Results: Substantial and moderate agreement was shown across sites in the first and second sets of vignettes (\(\kappa\) = 0.66 and \(\kappa\) = 0.54, respectively), without significant improvement from training. However, definition of response using the A score as a quantitative trait and selecting cases with B criteria of 4 or less showed an improvement between the two stages (\(ICC_1 = 0.71\) and \(ICC_2 = 0.75\), respectively). Mixture modeling of score distribution indicated three subpopulations (full responders, partial responders, non responders). Conclusions: We identified two definitions of lithium response, one dichotomous and the other continuous, with moderate to substantial inter-rater agreement and reliability. Accurate phenotypic measurement of lithium response is crucial for the ongoing ConLiGen pharmacogenomic study.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Niederlechner2013,
  author    = {Niederlechner, Stefanie},
  title     = {Assessment of the basic molecular mechanisms underlying L-glutamine's cytoprotective effects after intestinal injury},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-77399},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Critical illness like sepsis, shock, and intestinal bowel disease are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the US and around the world. At present, studies to define new therapeutic interventions that can protect tissues and cells against injury and attenuate inflammation are fields of intense investigation. While research over the past decade has clearly identified GLN as a vital stress substrate facilitating cellular survival following injury, the initiation steps in GLN's cytoprotective molecular mechanism still remain elusive. Previously published work suggested that stabilization of ECM proteins and activation of ECM receptor osmosignaling may play a central role in the orchestration of many cellular pathways following stress. Thus, I hypothesized that preservation of ECM protein and EGFR levels as well as ECM receptor signaling play key roles in the molecular mechanisms underlying GLN's protection against thermal injury in the intestine. I was able to confirm via Western blotting and by using silencing RNA against FN, Ntn-1, EGFR, and their negative controls, that GLN-mediated preservation of FN, Ntn-1, and EGFR levels is critical in GLN's protection against hyperthermia in IEC-6 cells. By using a selective FN-Integrin interaction inhibitor GRGDSP, its negative control peptide GRGESP, and Src-kinase inhibitor PP2, I showed that FN-Integrin signaling and Src-kinase activation are essential in GLN-mediated protection in the intestine. This applied to EGFR signaling as demonstrated using the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. In addition to GRGDSP and AG1478, ERK1/2 inhibitors PD98059 and UO126 as well as the p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 revealed that GLN is protective by activating ERK1/2 and dephosphorylating p38MAPK via FN-Integrin and EGFR signaling. However, GLN-mediated PI3-K/Akt/Hsp70 activation seems to occur independently of FN-Integrin and EGFR signaling as indicated by Western blots as well as experiments using the PI3-K inhibitor LY294002, GRGDSP, and AG1478. The results showed that GLN activates cell survival signaling pathways via integrins as well as EGFRs after hyperthermia. Moreover, I found that GLN-mediated preservation of FN expression after HS is regulated via PI3-K signaling. Whether GLN-mediated PI3-K signaling happens simultaneously to FN-Integrin and EGFR signaling or whether PI3-K signaling coordinates FN-Integrin and EGFR signaling needs to be investigated in future studies. Further, experiments with PD98059 and GRGDSP revealed that ERK1/2 assists in mediating transactivation of HSF-1 following HS. This leads to increases in Hsp70 expression via FN-Integrin signaling, which is known to attenuate apoptosis after thermal injury. Fluorescence microscopy results indicated that HS and GLN regulate cell are size changes and the morphology of F-actin via FN-Integrin signaling. Experiments using GRGDSP and GRGESP showed that GLN enhances cellular survival via FN-Integrin signaling in a manner that does not require increased intracellular GLN concentrations (as quantified using LC-MS/MS). In summary, my thesis work gives new and potentially clinically relevant mechanistic insights into GLN-mediated molecular cell survival pathways. These results warrant clinical translation to assess if clinical outcome of critically ill patients suffering from gastrointestinal diseases can be improved by GLN treatment and/or by targeting the molecular pathways found in my studies.},
  subject      = {Glutamin},
  language  = {en}
}