@phdthesis{Glasgow2017,
  author    = {Glasgow, Rupert},
  title     = {The Minimal Self},
  publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-95826-052-8 (print)},
  doi       = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-053-5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-145252},
  school      = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  pages     = {392},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The aim of The Minimal Self is to undertake a conceptual analysis of the term 'self' and thereby establish the minimal conditions that must be met to ascribe selfhood to an entity. This conceptual analysis focuses on what is termed 'intrinsic reflexivity', which is taken as the defining feature of selfhood. Three underlying categories of intrinsic reflexivity are distinguished: self-maintenance, self-reproduction and self-containment. These three fundamental categories provide a framework within which it is possible to distinguish entities that can be designated 'selves' from entities that are merely 'self-like', thus establishing the logical preconditions for the 'emergence' of selfhood. By examining the fuzzy borderlines between selves and the merely self-like as manifest in phenomena such as dissipative systems, genetic material, viruses and bacteria, it becomes possible to ascertain a form of 'minimal selfhood', a mode of being shared by all selves qua selves. Free-living single-celled organisms such as protozoa are paradigmatic instances of minimal selfhood to the extent that they can be characterized in terms of the three intrinsically reflexive processes of self-maintenance, self-reproduction and self-containment. Minimal selfhood is also presupposed by more complex multicellular selves such as animals. Such an analysis is found to shed light on the origin of life and on the nature of organisms and biological individuals.},
  subject      = {Selbst},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Glasgow2018,
  author    = {Glasgow, Rupert},
  title     = {Minimal Selfhood and the Origins of Consciousness},
  edition   = {1. Auflage},
  publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  isbn      = {978-3-95826-078-8 (Print)},
  doi       = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-079-5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-157470},
  publisher      = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  pages     = {260},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The aim of the book is to ground the logical origins of consciousness in what I have previously called the 'minimal self'. The idea is that elementary forms of consciousness are logically dependent not, as is commonly assumed, on ownership of an anatomical brain or nervous system, but on the intrinsic reflexivity that defines minimal selfhood. The book seeks to trace the logical pathway by which minimal selfhood gives rise to the possible appearance of consciousness. It is argued that in specific circumstances it thus makes sense to ascribe elementary consciousness to certain predatory single-celled organisms such as amoebae and dinoflagellates as well as to some of the simpler animals. Such an argument involves establishing exactly what those specific circumstances are and determining how elementary consciousness differs in nature and scope from its more complex manifestations.},
  subject      = {Selbst},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrauseWeber2018,
  author    = {Krause, Stefan and Weber, Silvana},
  title     = {Lift me up by looking down: social comparison effects of narratives},
  series = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Psychology},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01889},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-190624},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Stories are a powerful means to change recipients' views on themselves by being transported into the story world and by identifying with story characters. Previous studies showed that recipients temporarily change in line with a story and its characters (assimilation). Conversely, assimilation might be less likely when recipients are less identified with story protagonists or less transported into a story by comparing themselves with a story character. This may lead to changes, which are opposite to a story and its characters (contrast). In two experiments, we manipulated transportation and experience taking via two written reviews (Experiment 1; N = 164) and by varying the perspective of the story's narrator (Experiment 2; N = 79) of a short story about a negligent student. Recipients' self-ratings in comparison to others, motives, and problem-solving behavior served as dependent variables. However, neither the review nor the perspective manipulation affected transportation or experience taking while reading the story. Against our expectations, highly transported recipients (in Study 1) and recipients with high experience taking (in Study 2) showed more persistency working on an anagram-solving task, even when controlling for trait conscientiousness. Our findings are critically discussed in light of previous research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Markel2009,
  author    = {Markel, Petra},
  title     = {If It's to Be, It Starts With Me! The Bidirectional Relation between Goals and the Self},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42972},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen Selbst und pers{\"o}nlichen Zielen genauer untersucht. Hierzu wurde zun{\"a}chst ein reaktionszeitbasiertes Maß zur impliziten Messung von Selbstaktivierung entwickelt (Studien 1 und 2). Im n{\"a}chsten Schritt wurde untersucht, ob ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen Selbst undpers{\"o}nlichen Zielen besteht. Hierf{\"u}r wurde mit Hilfe des neu entwickelten Maßes getestet, ob Probanden, die {\"u}ber pers{\"o}nliche Ziele nachdenken eine erh{\"o}hte Selbstaktivierung zeigen (Studien 3 und 4). Schließlich wurde analysiert, ob eine bidirektionale Beziehung zwischen Selbst und pers{\"o}nlichen Zielen besteht. Dazu wurde gepr{\"u}ft, ob positive Bewertungen mit h{\"o}herer Wahrscheinlichkeit als Ziele konstruiert werden, wenn das Selbst vor Abgabe der Bewertungen aktiviert worden ist (Studien 5 und 6). Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass das neu entwickelte Bildermaß zur impliziten Messung von Selbstaktivierung geeignet ist. Weiterhin konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine direkte Verkn{\"u}pfung zwischen Selbst und pers{\"o}nlichen Zielen besteht. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit liefern erste Evidenz f{\"u}r Selbstaktivierung als Folge einer Aktivierung pers{\"o}nlicher Ziele und zeigen dar{\"u}ber hinaus, dass diese Beziehung bidirektional zu sein scheint. Probanden konstruieren Bewertungen unter SA mit gr{\"o}ßerer Wahrscheinlichkeit als Ziele, was sich in st{\"a}rkerer direkter Verhaltensbereitschaft (motivationale Tendenzen), mehr zielrelevantem Verhalten und auch mehr Motivation in instrumentellen Aufgaben zur Zielerreichung zeigt.},
  subject      = {Ziel},
  language  = {en}
}