@article{WagnerClarkeEllgring1983,
  author    = {Wagner, H. and Clarke, A. H. and Ellgring, Johann Heinrich},
  title     = {Eye-contact and individual looking - The role of chance},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42078},
  year      = {1983},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{VollmerEllgring1988,
  author    = {Vollmer, Heinz C. and Ellgring, Johann Heinrich},
  title     = {Die Vorhersage der vorzeitigen Therapiebeendigung bei Drogenabh{\"a}ngigen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42069},
  year      = {1988},
  abstract  = {In zwei Therapieeinrichtungen zur Drogen-Entw{\"o}hnungsbehandlung wurde bei 194 Dro- , genabh{\"a}ngigen untersucht, inwiefern Anamnesedaten und Pers{\"o}nlichkeits variablen eine Vorhersage der vorzeitigen Therapiebeendigung gestatten. Lediglich eine Variable wies f{\"u}r Patienten beider Behandlungseinrichtungen gleichermaßen prognostische Valenz auf: Patienten mit gerichtlicher Auflage schlossen die Therapie h{\"a}ufiger regul{\"a}r ab als Patienten ohne Auflage. Oie Art der gerichtlichen Auflage oder auch die Dauer der noch ausstehenden Strafzeit korrelierten dagegen nicht mit der Art der Therapiebeendigung. Ansonsten gab es f{\"u}r beide Therapieeinrichtungen und f{\"u}r die verschiedenen Arten der vorzeitigen Beendigung (Entlassung bzw. Abbruch) unterschiedliche, manchmal auch entgegengesetzte, prognostische Kriterien. Ein Patient, der in einer Einrichtung abbruchgef{\"a}hrdet ist, kann in einer anderen Einrichtung gute Chancen haben, die Behandlung regul{\"a}r abzuschließen. Aus der Literatur bekannte Kriterien wie zum Beispiel Alter und Schulbildung zeigten in dieser Studie nur in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Einrichtung prognostische Valenz und dies spezifisch f{\"u}r Abbruch bzw. vorzeitige Entlassung. Andere Pr{\"a}diktoren wie Geschlecht, psychische Auff{\"a}lligkeiten und Depression korrelierten {\"u}berhaupt nicht mit vorzeitiger Therapiebeendigung. Auch Patienten, die zu Beginn der Therapie als gering motiviert einzustufen sind, haben gute Chancen, die Behandlung regul{\"a}r abzuschließen. Auf der Grundlage einer Diskriminanzanalyse der FPI-Items war eine vorzeitige Entlassung besser vorhersag bar als ein Therapieabbruch. Nach den Daten dieser Studie ist zu vermuten, daß bestimmte Kombinationen von Einrichtungs-, Therapeuten- und Patienten variablen einen Einfluß auf die Art der Therapiebeendigung haben.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EllgringWagnerClarke1980,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Wagner, Helmut and Clarke, Andrew H.},
  title     = {Bin{\"a}re Kodierung von Sprechen und Blicken: Validit{\"a}t, Reliabilit{\"a}t und ihre Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der zeitlichen Aufl{\"o}sung},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-43163},
  year      = {1980},
  abstract  = {Validit{\"a}t und Reliabilit{\"a}t der Sprechkodierung einer Beobachtergruppe wurden in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der zeitlichen Aufl{\"o}sung untersucht. Die Validit{\"a}t wurde anhand der {\"U}bereinstimmung der Beobachter mit einem automatischen Sprachdetektor berechnet. Die Reliabilit{\"a}tswerte f{\"u}r die Kodierung von Sprechen und Blikken ergaben sich aus der {\"U}bereinstimmung der Beobachter untereinander. Im wesentlichen zeigten sich folgende Ergebnisse: 1. Die Validit{\"a}t/Reliabilit{\"a}t der Sprechkodierung ist eine monotone, nichtlineare Funktion der gew{\"a}hlten Aufl{\"o}sung. Die systematischen Fehler, die auf Latenz und Tr{\"a}gheit der menschlichen Beobachter zur{\"u}ckgehen, werden bei einer Aufl{\"o}sung von 400 msec nahezu vollst{\"a}ndig unterdr{\"u}ckt. 2. Weder bei der Erfassung des Sprech- noch des Blickverhaltens lassen sich Anzeichen f{\"u}r Observer-Drift feststellen. Trainierte und untrainierte Beobachter unterscheiden sich nicht signifikant. 3. Die Kodierung des Sprechverhaltens ist geringf{\"u}gig reliabler als die des Blickverhaltens. Dieser Unterschied kann in der Praxis vernachl{\"a}ssigt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EllgringvonCranach1972,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and von Cranach, M.},
  title     = {Processes of learning in the recognition of eye-signals},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42055},
  year      = {1972},
  abstract  = {In a learning experiment 10 Ss as receivers judged looking signals of a sender. Providing feedback about the real direction of gaze produced learning in the direction of an improvement of discrimination performance; the improvement was independent of visual acuity of receivers and was not. correlated to extraversion and neuroticism. Performance at the beginning was poorer and learning progress better for fixation points which were further away from the face. Results are discussed with reference to improving accuracy of observers on the variable 'looking behavior', important in studies on nonverbal communication. A pretraining of observers which allows explicit feedback about the real direction of gaze is proposed.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EllgringSeilerPerlethetal.1990,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Seiler, S. and Perleth, B. and Gasser, T. and Oertel, W.},
  title     = {An integrated approach for the neurological and psychological support of Parkinson patients},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42456},
  year      = {1990},
  abstract  = {Introduction Although symptomatic therapy is available for Parkinson's disease, patients and relatives are faced with continuous severe psychological problems. These psychological problems include: 1. lack of emotional expression, 2. bradephrenia, 3. depression, 4. lack of motivation,S. social anxiety, 6. stress induced increase of symptoms. The first four of these may be at least in part due to the dopamine deficiency. However, even as part of the primary symptoms they have social and communicative impact for patients and relatives. Social anxiety and stress induced increase of symptoms on the other hand clearly result from an interaction of somatic and psychological factors. Social anxiety mainly develops in Parkinson I s disease as an indirect consequence of the motor symptoms. Patients are afraid of being negatively evaluated in the public, of receiving negative comments etc. Thus r social withdrawal increases and the improvement of neurological symptoms following drug treatment may not be fully exploited on the psychosocial level. Stress induced increase of motor symptoms is a commonly observed phenomenon in Parkinson's disease. Even minor stressors, mainly social in nature, can have extreme effects and may elicit or increase tremor or rigidity. A patient can be well in one moment, but unable to move in the next when being aware that he has to leave the house in an hour. Given this situation, patients and relatives have to develop strategies fo~ an emotional balance in the presence of a continuous confrontation with the direct and indirect consequences of the disease. A precondition for developing new psychologically based strategies is an optimwn medical treatment. The integrated approach for neurological and psychological support has the following goals: 1. improving medical treatment for the individual patient, 2. improving psychological coping and psychosocial adaptation for patients and relatives, and 3. evaluating and improving medical and psychological therapy. CONCLUSION Psychological intervention can provide considerable help for a substantial part of Parkinson patients. The main target is coping with stressful social situations. Relaxation and cognitive restructuring together with situational behavioral analysis and training of social skills specifically adapted to the disease are" the main strategies. Various problems remain open at the moment, like the maintenance of motivation which is especially critical for Parkinson patients. Parkins on 's disease is a neurological disease with a known pathological substrate and a therapy which is effective at least for several years on a symptomatic level. The symptoms are tightly connected with psychological emotional and cognitive processes. Moreover, patients and relatives have to cope with symptoms which strongly influence social interaction. And they have to cope together with this situation over a period of ten or twenty years. Thus not only for the patient but also for the health of the relatives, psychological aid is urgently needed. We suggest to integrate psychological approach into the neurological diagnosis and treatment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EllgringSchneiderFriedrichetal.1992,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Schneider, F. and Friedrich, J. and Fus, I. and Beyer, T. and Heimann, H. and Himer, W.},
  title     = {The effects of neuroleptics on facial action in schizophrenic patients},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-43269},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {This paper describes the influence of neuroleptic therapy on facial action in drug-naive schizophrenics. In a comparative study of medicated and unmedicated schizophrenic patients, the coordinates of 12 small light-reflecting points, attached to subjects' faces, were computer-recorded and analyzed automatically during a semistandardized clinical interview. In addition, facial activity in videotaped interviews was coded using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). Each sample group comprised of eight patients with the DSMIII- R diagnostic criteria "schizophrenia" or "schizophreniform disorder". Subjects were studied on two occasions, one shortly after admission to the hospital, the other three weeks later. Group I was unmedicated during the first session, whereas group2 was medicated throughout the study. Three weeks after the start of medication, at the second interview, both recording methods showed a reduction in facial activity and facial expression across all subjects in group 1. The facial action of patients in group2, however, remained unchanged.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EllgringSchneider1993,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Schneider, E.},
  title     = {Parkinson und Demenz},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-43047},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {Auf der Delegierten-Konferenz der dPV in Hannover waren eine Reihe von Fragen wr Demenz im Zusammenhang mit dem Morbus Parkinson gestellt worden, zu denen hier Stellung genommen werden soll. Die Fragen und Antworten sind jeweil mit einem ? f{\"u}r die Fragen und einem ! f{\"u}r die Antworten gekennzeichnet.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EllgringOertelUlmetal.1992,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Oertel, W. H. and Ulm, G. and Gasser, T. and Perleth, B. and Seiler, S.},
  title     = {Partnership and depression in Parkinson's Disease},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42516},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {In this study, the influence of partnership on depression and coping with Parkinson's disease has been investigated. Twentythree single female patients, 46 married patients (23 female, 23 male) with unimpaired partnership and 42 patients (21 female, 21 male) whose partnership had worsened since the onset of disease, were compared with regard to depression and self reported extent of psychosocial distress. Single female patients tended to have higher depression scores than patients in a stable partnership, especially in items concerning personal worthlessness and senselessness of life. Patients differed in the extent of distress concerning social behavior, psychological problems/anxiety and efficiency. Within the group of single female patients two subgroups emerged: (1) patients with low extent of distress in all aspects; (2) patients who were highly distressed by psychological problems and physical disability but weakly distressed from social interaction. Male and female patients living in a stable partnership reported only a generally low to moderate extent of distress. More than half of the male and female patients who reported an impairment of their relationship also had scores of moderate to severe depression. These patients also had the h~ghest extent of distress in each ofthe aspects assessed. The results are dicussed with regard to possible interactive effects ofthe disease, quality of the partnership and availability of coping strategies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EllgringKlos1987,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Klos, Thomas},
  title     = {Manuelle versus elektronische Analyse von Sprechpausen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-43233},
  year      = {1987},
  abstract  = {Es wird gezeigt, daß die digitale Sprachanalyse bei der Messung von Sprechpausen unter bestimmten Umst{\"a}nden Fehler aufweist. Am Beispiel von 16 standardisierten Interviews mit depressiven Patienten wurden Sprechpausen von Patienten und Interviewern nach zwei Methoden gemessen: mit einer einfachen manuellen Methode deren Interraterreliabilit{\"a}t bei .88 und h{\"o}her lag und nach Methoden der digitalen Sprachverarbeitung. Die Ergebnisse beider Analysen wurden verglichen. Dabei zeigte sich, daß die manuelle Methode f{\"u}r Sprechpausen oberhalb 390 ms reliabel ist und gleiche oder bessere Ergebnisse bringt. Bei qualitativ schlechten Tonaufnahmen ist diese manuelle Methode vorteilhaft.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{EllgringGaebel1992,
  author    = {Ellgring, Johann Heinrich and Gaebel, W.},
  title     = {Experimental psychopathology in biological psychiatry and pharmacology},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-43246},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}