@article{AdolfBraunFussetal.2020,
  author    = {Adolf, Christian and Braun, Leah T. and Fuss, Carmina T. and Hahner, Stefanie and K{\"u}nzel, Heike and Handgriff, Laura and Sturm, Lisa and Heinrich, Daniel A. and Schneider, Holger and Bidlingmaier, Martin and Reincke, Martin},
  title     = {Spironolactone reduces biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women with primary aldosteronism},
  series = {Endocrine},
  volume    = {69},
  journal   = {Endocrine},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {1355-008X},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12020-020-02348-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-315966},
  pages     = {625-633},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Context Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most frequent form of endocrine hypertension. Besides its deleterious impact on cardiovascular target organ damage, PA is considered to cause osteoporosis. Patients and methods We assessed bone turnover in a subset of 36 postmenopausal women with PA. 18 patients had unilateral PA and were treated by adrenalectomy, whereas 18 patients had bilateral PA and received mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) therapy respectively. 18 age- and BMI-matched females served as controls. To estimate bone remodeling, we measured the bone turnover markers intact procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide, bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b in plasma by chemiluminescent immunoassays at time of diagnosis and one year after initiation of treatment. Study design Observational longitudinal cohort study. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Results Compared with controls, patients with PA had mildly elevated osteocalcin at baseline (p = 0.013), while the other bone markers were comparable between both groups. There were no differences between the unilateral and the bilateral PA subgroup. One year after initiation of MRA treatment with spironolactone bone resorption and bone formation markers had significantly decreased in patients with bilateral PA. In contrast, patients adrenalectomized because of unilateral PA showed no significant change of bone turnover markers. Conclusion This study shows that aldosterone excess in postmenopausal women with PA is not associated with a relevant increase of bone turnover markers at baseline. However, we observed a significant decrease of bone markers in patients treated with spironolactone, but not in patients treated by adrenalectomy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Koechel2020,
  author    = {K{\"o}chel, Katrin},
  title     = {Sekund{\"a}rneoplasien bei Patienten mit prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-20715},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-207156},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Der prim{\"a}re Hyperaldosteronismus ist die h{\"a}ufigste Ursache einer sekund{\"a}ren Hypertonie. Ein Aldosteron{\"u}berschuss kann in vitro und in vivo DNA-Sch{\"a}den verursachen. In einzelnen Fallberichten wurde {\"u}ber eine Koinzidenz des prim{\"a}ren Hyperaldosteronismus mit Nierenzellkarzinomen wie auch anderen Tumoren berichtet. Die Pr{\"a}valenz benigner und maligner Neoplasien bei Patienten mit prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus wurde bislang jedoch noch nicht untersucht. In der multizentrischen MEPHISTO-Studie wurde die Pr{\"a}valenz von benignen und malignen Tumorerkrankungen bei 338 Patienten mit best{\"a}tigtem prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus untersucht. Hypertensive Probanden der populationsbasierten SHIP-Studie dienten als gematchte Kontrollgruppe. Bei 120 (35,5\%) der 338 Patienten mit prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus war eine Tumorerkrankung diagnostiziert worden, 30 der Patienten hatten zwei oder mehr Neoplasien. Das Auftreten eines Malignoms wurde bei 9,5\% der Patienten mit prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus und bei 6,0\% der hypertensiven Kontrollgruppe dokumentiert (p=0,08). Patienten mit prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus und einem Malignom in der Vorgeschichte wiesen bei der Diagnose des prim{\"a}ren Hyperaldosteronismus h{\"o}here Aldosteronspiegel auf (p=0,009). Es konnte zudem ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der H{\"o}he des Aldosteronspiegels und der Malignompr{\"a}valenz beobachtet werden (p=0,03). Insgesamt wurden unter den Patienten mit prim{\"a}ren Hyperaldosteronismus 158 Neoplasien nachgewiesen, die in 62\% der F{\"a}lle benigne und in 25\% der F{\"a}lle maligne waren (14\% Neoplasien unbekannter Dignit{\"a}t). Ein Nierenzellkarzinom wurde bei 5 Patienten (13\% aller malignen Tumore) diagnostiziert, in der hypertensiven Kontrollgruppe trat kein Nierenzellkarzinom auf. Im Vergleich zur hypertensiven Kontrollgruppe wurde bei Patienten mit prim{\"a}rem Hyperaldosteronismus ein Trend hin zu einer erh{\"o}hten Pr{\"a}valenz von Malignomen beobachtet, der beim Nierenzellkarzinom besonders deutlich ausgepr{\"a}gt und signifikant mit der H{\"o}he des Aldosteronspiegels assoziiert war.},
  subject      = {Sekund{\"a}rtumor},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{DrechslerRitzTomaschitzetal.2013,
  author    = {Drechsler, Christiane and Ritz, Eberhard and Tomaschitz, Andreas and Pilz, Stefan and Sch{\"o}nfeld, Stephan and Blouin, Katja and Bidlingmaier, Martin and Hammer, Fabian and Krane, Vera and M{\"a}rz, Winfried and Allolio, Bruno and Fassnacht, Martin and Wanner, Christoph},
  title     = {Aldosterone and cortisol affect the risk of sudden cardiac death in haemodialysis patients},
  series = {European Heart Journal},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {European Heart Journal},
  doi       = {10.1093/eurheartj/ehs361},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132562},
  pages     = {578-585},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Background: Sudden cardiac death is common and accounts largely for the excess mortality of patients on maintenance dialysis. It is unknown whether aldosterone and cortisol increase the incidence of sudden cardiac death in dialysis patients. Methods and results: We analysed data from 1255 diabetic haemodialysis patients participating in the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study (4D Study). Categories of aldosterone and cortisol were determined at baseline and patients were followed for a median of 4 years. By Cox regression analyses, hazard ratios (HRs) were determined for the effect of aldosterone, cortisol, and their combination on sudden death and other adjudicated cardiovascular outcomes. The mean age of the patients was 66 ± 8 years (54\% male). Median aldosterone was <15 pg/mL (detection limit) and cortisol 16.8 µg/dL. Patients with aldosterone levels >200 pg/mL had a significantly higher risk of sudden death (HR: 1.69; 95\% CI: 1.06-2.69) compared with those with an aldosterone <15 pg/mL. The combined presence of high aldosterone (>200 pg/mL) and high cortisol (>21.1 µg/dL) levels increased the risk of sudden death in striking contrast to patients with low aldosterone (<15 pg/mL) and low cortisol (<13.2 µg/dL) levels (HR: 2.86, 95\% CI: 1.32-6.21). Furthermore, all-cause mortality was significantly increased in the patients with high levels of both hormones (HR: 1.62, 95\% CI: 1.01-2.62). Conclusions: The joint presence of high aldosterone and high cortisol levels is strongly associated with sudden cardiac death as well as all-cause mortality in haemodialysed type 2 diabetic patients. Whether a blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor decreases the risk of sudden death in these patients must be examined in future trials.},
  language  = {en}
}