@article{BeerHelfrichFoerster2020,
  author    = {Beer, Katharina and Helfrich-F{\"o}rster, Charlotte},
  title     = {Post-embryonic Development of the Circadian Clock Seems to Correlate With Social Life Style in Bees},
  series = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
  issn      = {2296-634X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fcell.2020.581323},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-216450},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Social life style can influence many aspects of an animal's daily life, but it has not yet been clarified, whether development of the circadian clock in social and solitary living bees differs. In a comparative study, with the social honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the solitary mason bee, Osmia bicornis, we now found indications for a differentially timed clock development in social and solitary bees. Newly emerged solitary bees showed rhythmic locomotion right away and the number of neurons in the brain that produce the clock component pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) did not change during aging of the adult solitary bee. Honey bees on the other hand, showed no circadian locomotion directly after emergence and the neuronal clock network continued to grow after emergence. Social bees appear to emerge at an early developmental stage at which the circadian clock is still immature, but bees are already able to fulfill in-hive tasks.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{YilmazAksoyCamlitepeetal.2014,
  author    = {Yilmaz, Ayse and Aksoy, Volkan and Camlitepe, Yilmaz and Giurfa, Martin},
  title     = {Eye structure, activity rhythms, and visually-driven behavior are tuned to visual niche in ants},
  series = {Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience},
  doi       = {10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00205},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-119595},
  pages     = {205},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Insects have evolved physiological adaptations and behavioral strategies that allow them to cope with a broad spectrum of environmental challenges and contribute to their evolutionary success. Visual performance plays a key role in this success. Correlates between life style and eye organization have been reported in various insect species. Yet, if and how visual ecology translates effectively into different visual discrimination and learning capabilities has been less explored. Here we report results from optical and behavioral analyses performed in two sympatric ant species, Formica cunicularia and Camponotus aethiops. We show that the former are diurnal while the latter are cathemeral. Accordingly, F. cunicularia workers present compound eyes with higher resolution, while C. aethiops workers exhibit eyes with lower resolution but higher sensitivity. The discrimination and learning of visual stimuli differs significantly between these species in controlled dual-choice experiments: discrimination learning of small-field visual stimuli is achieved by F. cunicularia but not by C. aethiops, while both species master the discrimination of large-field visual stimuli. Our work thus provides a paradigmatic example about how timing of foraging activities and visual environment match the organization of compound eyes and visually-driven behavior. This correspondence underlines the relevance of an ecological/evolutionary framework for analyses in behavioral neuroscience.},
  language  = {en}
}