@article{MuellerLoebnitzOstermannFranzkeetal.2013,
  author    = {Mueller-Loebnitz, Christoph and Ostermann, Helmut and Franzke, Anke and Loeffler, Juergen and Uharek, Lutz and Topp, Max and Einsele, Hermann},
  title     = {Immunological Aspects of Candida and Aspergillus Systemic Fungal Infections},
  series = {Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases},
  number    = {ID 102934},
  doi       = {10.1155/2013/102934},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129327},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Patients with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) have a high risk of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) even after neutrophil regeneration. Immunological aspects might play a very important role in the IFI development in these patients. Some data are available supporting the identification of high-risk patients with IFI for example patients receiving stem cells fromTLR4 haplotype S4 positive donors. Key defense mechanisms against IFI include the activation of neutrophils, the phagocytosis of germinating conidia by dendritic cells, and the fight of the cells of the innate immunity such as monocytes and natural killer cells against germlings and hyphae. Furthermore, immunosuppressive drugs interact with immune effector cells influencing the specific fungal immune defense and antimycotic drugs might interact with immune response. Based on the current knowledge on immunological mechanism in Aspergillus fumigatus, the first approaches of an immunotherapy using human T cells are in development. This might be an option for the future of aspergillosis patients having a poor prognosis with conventional treatment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MoussetBuchheidtHeinzetal.2014,
  author    = {Mousset, Sabine and Buchheidt, Dieter and Heinz, Werner and Ruhnke, Markus and Cornely, Oliver A. and Egerer, Gerlinde and Kr{\"u}ger, William and Link, Hartmut and Neumann, Silke and Ostermann, Helmut and Panse, Jens and Penack, Olaf and Rieger, Christina and Schmidt-Hieber, Martin and Silling, Gerda and S{\"u}dhoff, Thomas and Ullmann, Andrew J. and Wolf, Hans-Heinrich and Maschmeyer, Georg and B{\"o}hme, Angelika},
  title     = {Treatment of invasive fungal infections in cancer patients—updated recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO)},
  series = {Annals of Hematology},
  volume    = {96},
  journal   = {Annals of Hematology},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00277-013-1867-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-121340},
  pages     = {13-32},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {Invasive fungal infections are a main cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy regimens. Early antifungal treatment is mandatory to improve survival. Today, a number of effective and better-tolerated but more expensive antifungal agents compared to the former gold standard amphotericin B deoxycholate are available. Clinical decision-making must consider results from numerous studies and published guidelines, as well as licensing status and cost pressure. New developments in antifungal prophylaxis improving survival rates result in a continuous need for actualization. The treatment options for invasive Candida infections include fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B and its lipid formulations, as well as echinocandins. Voriconazole, amphotericin B, amphotericin B lipid formulations, caspofungin, itraconazole, and posaconazole are available for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Additional procedures, such as surgical interventions, immunoregulatory therapy, and granulocyte transfusions, have to be considered. The Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology here presents its 2008 recommendations discussing the dos and do-nots, as well as the problems and possible solutions, of evidence criteria selection.},
  language  = {en}
}