@article{BorisjukRolletschekFuchsetal.2011, author = {Borisjuk, Ljudmilla and Rolletschek, Hardy and Fuchs, Johannes and Melkus, Gerd and Neuberger, Thomas}, title = {Low and High Field Magnetic Resonance for \(in\) \(Vivo\) Analysis of Seeds}, series = {Materials}, volume = {4}, journal = {Materials}, number = {8}, doi = {10.3390/ma4081426}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-140910}, pages = {1426-1439}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Low field NMR has been successfully used for the evaluation of seed composition and quality, but largely only in crop species. We show here that 1.5T NMR provides a reliable means for analysing the seed lipid fraction present in a wide range of species, where both the seed size and lipid concentration differed by >10 fold. Little use of high field NMR has been made in seed research to date, even though it potentially offers many opportunities for studying seed development, metabolism and storage. Here we demonstrate how 17.5T and 20T NMR can be applied to image seed structure, and analyse lipid and metabolite distribution. We suggest that further technical developments in NMR/MRI will facilitate significant advances in our understanding of seed biology.}, language = {en} } @article{SchwenderKoenigKlapperstuecketal.2014, author = {Schwender, Joerg and Koenig, Christina and Klapperstueck, Matthias and Heinzel, Nicolas and Munz, Eberhard and Hebbelmann, Inga and Hay, Jordan O. and Denolf, Peter and De Bodt, Stefanie and Redestig, Henning and Caestecker, Evelyne and Jakob, Peter M. and Borisjuk, Ljudmilla and Rolletschek, Hardy}, title = {Transcript abundance on its own cannot be used to infer fluxes in central metabolism}, series = {Frontiers in Plant Science}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science}, issn = {1664-462X}, doi = {10.3389/fpls.2014.00668}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114586}, year = {2014}, abstract = {An attempt has been made to define the extent to which metabolic flux in central plant metabolism is reflected by changes in the transcriptome and metabolome, based on an analysis of in vitro cultured immature embryos of two oilseed rape (Brassica napus) accessions which contrast for seed lipid accumulation. Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) was used to constrain a flux balance metabolic model which included 671 biochemical and transport reactions within the central metabolism. This highly confident flux information was eventually used for comparative analysis of flux vs. transcript (metabolite). Metabolite profiling succeeded in identifying 79 intermediates within the central metabolism, some of which differed quantitatively between the two accessions and displayed a significant shift corresponding to flux. An RNA-Seq based transcriptome analysis revealed a large number of genes which were differentially transcribed in the two accessions, including some enzymes/proteins active in major metabolic pathways. With a few exceptions, differential activity in the major pathways (glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acid, and fatty acid synthesis) was not reflected in contrasting abundances of the relevant transcripts. The conclusion was that transcript abundance on its own cannot be used to infer metabolic activity/fluxes in central plant metabolism. This limitation needs to be borne in mind in evaluating transcriptome data and designing metabolic engineering experiments.}, language = {en} } @article{RadchukRajivPotokinaetal.2019, author = {Radchuk, Volodymyr and Rajiv, Sharma and Potokina, Elena and Radchuk, Ruslana and Weier, Diana and Munz, Eberhard and Schreiber, Miriam and Mascher, Martin and Stein, Nils and Wicker, Thomas and Kilian, Benjamin and Borisjuk, Ljudmilla}, title = {The highly divergent \(Jekyll\) genes, required for sexual reproduction, are lineage specific for the related grass tribes Triticeae and Bromeae}, series = {Plant Journal}, volume = {98}, journal = {Plant Journal}, number = {6}, doi = {10.1111/tpj.14363}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224769}, pages = {961-974}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Phylogenetically related groups of species contain lineage-specific genes that exhibit no sequence similarity to any genes outside the lineage. We describe here that the Jekyll gene, required for sexual reproduction, exists in two much diverged allelic variants, Jek1 and Jek3. Despite low similarity, the Jek1 and Jek3 proteins share identical signal peptides, conserved cysteine positions and direct repeats. The Jek1/Jek3 sequences are located at the same chromosomal locus and inherited in a monogenic Mendelian fashion. Jek3 has a similar expression as Jek1 and complements the Jek1 function in Jek1-deficient plants. Jek1 and Jek3 allelic variants were almost equally distributed in a collection of 485 wild and domesticated barley accessions. All domesticated barleys harboring the Jek1 allele belong to single haplotype J1-H1 indicating a genetic bottleneck during domestication. Domesticated barleys harboring the Jek3 allele consisted of three haplotypes. Jekyll-like sequences were found only in species of the closely related tribes Bromeae and Triticeae but not in other Poaceae. Non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging revealed intrinsic grain structure in Triticeae and Bromeae, associated with the Jekyll function. The emergence of Jekyll suggests its role in the separation of the Bromeae and Triticeae lineages within the Poaceae and identifies the Jekyll genes as lineage-specific.}, language = {en} } @article{MunzJakobBorisjuk2016, author = {Munz, Eberhard and Jakob, Peter M. and Borisjuk, Ljudmilla}, title = {The potential of nuclear magnetic resonance to track lipids in planta}, series = {Biochimie}, volume = {130}, journal = {Biochimie}, doi = {10.1016/j.biochi.2016.07.014}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-186828}, pages = {97-108}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) provides a highly flexible platform for non invasive analysis and imaging biological samples, since the manipulation of nuclear spin allows the tailoring of experiments to maximize the informativeness of the data. MRI is capable of visualizing a holistic picture of the lipid storage in living plant/seed. This review has sought to explain how the technology can be used to acquire functional and physiological data from plant samples, and how to exploit it to characterize lipid deposition in vivo. At the same time, we have referred to the current limitations of NMR technology as applied to plants, and in particular of the difficulty of transferring methodologies optimized for animal/medical subjects to plant ones. A forward look into likely developments in the field is included, anticipating its key future role in the study of living plant.}, language = {en} }