@article{BleilevensSoppertHoffmannetal.2021,
  author    = {Bleilevens, Christian and Soppert, Josefin and Hoffmann, Adrian and Breuer, Thomas and Bernhagen, J{\"u}rgen and Martin, Lukas and Stiehler, Lara and Marx, Gernot and Dreher, Michael and Stoppe, Christian and Simon, Tim-Philipp},
  title     = {Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plasma concentration in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective observational study},
  series = {Diagnostics},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Diagnostics},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {2075-4418},
  doi       = {10.3390/diagnostics11020332},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-228967},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Mortality in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is high and pharmacological treatment strategies remain limited. Early-stage predictive biomarkers are needed to identify patients with a high risk of severe clinical courses and to stratify treatment strategies. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was previously described as a potential predictor for the outcome of critically ill patients and for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a hallmark of severe COVID-19 disease. This prospective observational study evaluates the predictive potential of MIF for the clinical outcome after severe COVID-19 infection. Plasma MIF concentrations were measured in 36 mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients over three days after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Increased compared to decreased MIF was significantly associated with aggravated organ function and a significantly lower 28-day survival (sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score; 8.2 ± 4.5 to 14.3 ± 3, p = 0.009 vs. 8.9 ± 1.9 to 12 ± 2, p = 0.296; survival: 56\% vs. 93\%; p = 0.003). Arterial hypertension was the predominant comorbidity in 85\% of patients with increasing MIF concentrations (vs. decreasing MIF: 39\%; p = 0.015). Without reaching significance, more patients with decreasing MIF were able to improve their ARDS status (p = 0.142). The identified association between an early MIF response, aggravation of organ function and 28-day survival may open future perspectives for biomarker-based diagnostic approaches for ICU management of COVID-19 patients.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MarxSchindlerMoschetal.2016,
  author    = {Marx, Gernot and Schindler, Achim W. and Mosch, Christoph and Albers, Joerg and Bauer, Michael and Gnass, Irmela and Hobohm, Carsten and Janssens, Uwe and Kluge, Stefan and Kranke, Peter and Maurer, Tobias and Merz, Waltraut and Neugebauer, Edmund and Quintel, Michael and Senninger, Norbert and Trampisch, Hans-Joachim and Waydhas, Christian and Wildenauer, Rene and Zacharowski, Kai and Eikermann, Michaela},
  title     = {Intravascular volume therapy in adults guidelines from the association of the scientific medical societies in Germany},
  series = {European Journal of Anaesthesiology},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {European Journal of Anaesthesiology},
  number    = {7},
  doi       = {10.1097/EJA.0000000000000447},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-188223},
  pages     = {488-521},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{AverdunkBernhagenFehnleetal.2020,
  author    = {Averdunk, Luisa and Bernhagen, J{\"u}rgen and Fehnle, Karl and Surowy, Harald and L{\"u}decke, Hermann-Josef and Mucha, S{\"o}ren and Meybohm, Patrick and Wieczorek, Dagmar and Leng, Lin and Marx, Gernot and Leaf, David E. and Zarbock, Alexander and Zacharowski, Kai and Bucala, Richard and Stoppe, Christian},
  title     = {The Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) promoter polymorphisms (rs3063368, rs755622) predict acute kidney injury and death after cardiac surgery},
  series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {2077-0383},
  doi       = {10.3390/jcm9092936},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-213126},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is highly elevated after cardiac surgery and impacts the postoperative inflammation. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the polymorphisms CATT\(_{5-7}\) (rs5844572/rs3063368,"-794") and G>C single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs755622,-173) in the MIF gene promoter are related to postoperative outcome. Methods: In 1116 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, the MIF gene polymorphisms were analyzed and serum MIF was measured by ELISA in 100 patients. Results: Patients with at least one extended repeat allele (CATT\(_7\)) had a significantly higher risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to others (23\% vs. 13\%; OR 2.01 (1.40-2.88), p = 0.0001). Carriers of CATT\(_7\) were also at higher risk of death (1.8\% vs. 0.4\%; OR 5.12 (0.99-33.14), p = 0.026). The GC genotype was associated with AKI (20\% vs. GG/CC:13\%, OR 1.71 (1.20-2.43), p = 0.003). Multivariate analyses identified CATT\(_7\) predictive for AKI (OR 2.13 (1.46-3.09), p < 0.001) and death (OR 5.58 (1.29-24.04), p = 0.021). CATT\(_7\) was associated with higher serum MIF before surgery (79.2 vs. 50.4 ng/mL, p = 0.008). Conclusion: The CATT\(_7\) allele associates with a higher risk of AKI and death after cardiac surgery, which might be related to chronically elevated serum MIF. Polymorphisms in the MIF gene may constitute a predisposition for postoperative complications and the assessment may improve risk stratification and therapeutic guidance.},
  language  = {en}
}