@article{TonyBurmesterSchulzeKoopsetal.2011, author = {Tony, Hans-Peter and Burmester, Gerd and Schulze-Koops, Hendrik and Grunke, Mathias and Henes, Joerg and K{\"o}tter, Ina and Haas, Judith and Unger, Leonore and Lovric, Svjetlana and Haubitz, Marion and Fischer-Betz, Rebecca and Chehab, Gamal and Rubbert-Roth, Andrea and Specker, Christof and Weinerth, Jutta and Holle, Julia and M{\"u}ller-Ladner, Ulf and K{\"o}nig, Ramona and Fiehn, Christoph and Burgwinkel, Philip and Budde, Klemens and S{\"o}rensen, Helmut and Meurer, Michael and Aringer, Martin and Kieseier, Bernd and Erfurt-Berge, Cornelia and Sticherling, Michael and Veelken, Roland and Ziemann, Ulf and Strutz, Frank and von Wussow, Praxis and Meier, Florian MP and Hunzelmann, Nico and Schmidt, Enno and Bergner, Raoul and Schwarting, Andreas and Eming, R{\"u}diger and Schwarz-Eywill, Michael and Wassenberg, Siegfried and Fleck, Martin and Metzler, Claudia and Zettl, Uwe and Westphal, Jens and Heitmann, Stefan and Herzog, Anna L. and Wiendl, Heinz and Jakob, Waltraud and Schmidt, Elvira and Freivogel, Klaus and D{\"o}rner, Thomas and Hertl, Michael and Stadler, Rudolf}, title = {Safety and clinical outcomes of rituximab therapy in patients with different autoimmune diseases: experience from a national registry (GRAID)}, series = {Arthritis Research \& Therapy}, volume = {13}, journal = {Arthritis Research \& Therapy}, number = {R75}, doi = {10.1186/ar3337}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-142856}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Introduction: Evidence from a number of open-label, uncontrolled studies has suggested that rituximab may benefit patients with autoimmune diseases who are refractory to standard-of-care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of rituximab in several standard-of-care-refractory autoimmune diseases (within rheumatology, nephrology, dermatology and neurology) other than rheumatoid arthritis or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a real-life clinical setting. Methods: Patients who received rituximab having shown an inadequate response to standard-of-care had their safety and clinical outcomes data retrospectively analysed as part of the German Registry of Autoimmune Diseases. The main outcome measures were safety and clinical response, as judged at the discretion of the investigators. Results: A total of 370 patients (299 patient-years) with various autoimmune diseases (23.0\% with systemic lupus erythematosus, 15.7\% antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated granulomatous vasculitides, 15.1\% multiple sclerosis and 10.0\% pemphigus) from 42 centres received a mean dose of 2,440 mg of rituximab over a median (range) of 194 (180 to 1,407) days. The overall rate of serious infections was 5.3 per 100 patient-years during rituximab therapy. Opportunistic infections were infrequent across the whole study population, and mostly occurred in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. There were 11 deaths (3.0\% of patients) after rituximab treatment (mean 11.6 months after first infusion, range 0.8 to 31.3 months), with most of the deaths caused by infections. Overall (n = 293), 13.3\% of patients showed no response, 45.1\% showed a partial response and 41.6\% showed a complete response. Responses were also reflected by reduced use of glucocorticoids and various immunosuppressives during rituximab therapy and follow-up compared with before rituximab. Rituximab generally had a positive effect on patient well-being (physician's visual analogue scale; mean improvement from baseline of 12.1 mm)}, language = {en} } @article{BraunschweigConstantinidisDellermannetal.2016, author = {Braunschweig, Holger and Constantinidis, Philipp and Dellermann, Theresa and Ewing, William and Fischer, Ingo and Hess, Merlin and Knight, Fergus and Rempel, Anna and Schneider, Christoph and Ullrich, Stefan and Vargas, Alfredo and Woolins, Derek}, title = {Highly Strained Heterocycles Constructed from Boron-Boron Multiple Bonds and Heavy Chalcogens}, series = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition}, volume = {55}, journal = {Angewandte Chemie, International Edition}, number = {18}, doi = {10.1002/anie.201601691}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-138237}, pages = {5606 -- 5609}, year = {2016}, abstract = {The reactions of a diborene with elemental selenium or tellurium are shown to afford a diboraselenirane or diboratellurirane, respectively. These reactions are reminiscent of the sequestration of subvalent oxygen and nitrogen in the formation of oxiranes and aziridines; however, such reactivity is not known between alkenes and the heavy chalcogens. Although carbon is too electronegative to affect the reduction of elements with lower relative electronegativity, the highly reducing nature of the B B double bond enables reactions with Se0 and Te0. The capacity of multiple bonds between boron atoms to donate electron density is highlighted in reactions where diborynes behave as nucleophiles, attacking one of the two Te atoms of diaryltellurides, forming salts consisting of diboratellurenium cations and aryltelluride anions.}, subject = {Bor}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Fischer2004, author = {Fischer, Anna}, title = {Die Regulation aktivierender und hemmender Signalwege in humanen neutrophilen Granulozyten durch cAMP- und cGMP-erh{\"o}hende Vasodilatatoren}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-13331}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Neutrophile Granulozyten sind wichtige Effektorzellen des menschlichen Immunsystems. Eine Suppression der Neutrophilen kann zur Immundeffizienz mit Gefahr f{\"u}r bakterielle Erkrankungen und maligne Tumoren f{\"u}hren, eine {\"U}berstimulation dieser Zellen ist jedoch an der Entstehung der Autoimmunerkrankungen beteiligt. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden aktivierende und hemmende Wege untersucht, die f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Strategien in Pr{\"a}vention und Therapie dieser Erkrankungen eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Neutrophile Granulozyten enthalten VASP in hoher Konzentration. VASP ist ein bereits gut charakterisiertes Substrat der cAMP-PK und der cGMP-PK. Phosphorylierungsversuche mit cAMP-erh{\"o}henden Substanzen ergaben eine rasche, reversible Phosphorylierung dieses Proteins an Ser-157 und Ser-239 in intakten humanen Neutrophilen Granulozyten. Versuche mit cGMP-erh{\"o}henden Substanzen zeigten jedenfalls eine Phosphorylierung am Ser-157, jedoch keine Phosphorylierung am Ser-239. Diese Ergebnisse unterstreichen deutlich das Vorhandensein und die physiologische Funktion der cAMP-PK bez{\"u}glich der Phosphorylierung von VASP, stellen jedoch die Funktion der cGMP-PK in humanen Neutrophilen Granulozyten in Frage. Basierend auf der Methode der Immunfluoreszenz wurde gezeigt, dass VASP bei der Adh{\"a}renz der Neutrophilen eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. So ist mit Hilfe der spezifischen monoklonalen Antik{\"o}rper eine Phosphorylierung am Ser-157 und am Ser-239 nach der Adh{\"a}sion der Neutrophilen an die Objekttr{\"a}ger nachgewiesen worden. Nach zus{\"a}tzlicher Stimulation mit PG-E1 zeigte sich kein wesentlicher Phosphorylierungsanstieg in adh{\"a}rierten Neutrophilen. Zahlreiche chemotaktische Faktoren wie fMLP f{\"u}hren zur Phosphorylierung der p42/p44-, p38-MAPK sowie auch der PKB. Diese intrazellul{\"a}ren Signalmolek{\"u}le spielen eine zentrale Rolle bei der Neutrophilenaktivierung. Da es bereits von hemmenden Einflussen der Vasodilatatoren auf die Aktivierung der Neutrophilen Granulozyten berichtet worden ist, wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit der Einfluss von cAMP- und cGMP-erh{\"o}henden Substanzen auf die fMLP-induzierte Phosphorylierung der p42/p44-, p38-MAPK sowie der PKB untersucht. Flolan, ein cAMP-erh{\"o}hender Vasodilatator f{\"u}hrte zur signifikanten Hemmung der fMLP-induzierten p42/p44-, p38- sowie PKB-Phosphorylierung. cGMP-erh{\"o}hender Vasodilatator SNP zeigte jedoch keinen Einfluss auf die fMLP-induzierte Aktivierung dieser Signalmolek{\"u}le. Physiologisch vorkommende cAMP-erh{\"o}hende Substanzen besitzen im menschlichen K{\"o}rper eine wichtige regulatorische Funktion, die Neutrophile Granulozyten vor der „{\"U}berstimulation" bewahrt.}, language = {de} } @article{WohlfarthSchmitteckertHaertleetal.2017, author = {Wohlfarth, Carolin and Schmitteckert, Stefanie and H{\"a}rtle, Janina D. and Houghton, Lesley A. and Dweep, Harsh and Fortea, Marina and Assadi, Ghazaleh and Braun, Alexander and Mederer, Tanja and P{\"o}hner, Sarina and Becker, Philip P. and Fischer, Christine and Granzow, Martin and M{\"o}nnikes, Hubert and Mayer, Emeran A. and Sayuk, Gregory and Boeckxstaens, Guy and Wouters, Mira M. and Simr{\´e}n, Magnus and Lindberg, Greger and Ohlsson, Bodil and Schmidt, Peter Thelin and Dlugosz, Aldona and Agreus, Lars and Andreasson, Anna and D'Amato, Mauro and Burwinkel, Barbara and Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo and R{\"o}th, Ralph and Lasitschka, Felix and Vicario, Maria and Metzger, Marco and Santos, Javier and Rappold, Gudrun A. and Martinez, Cristina and Niesler, Beate}, title = {miR-16 and miR-103 impact 5-HT4 receptor signalling and correlate with symptom profile in irritable bowel syndrome}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {7}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-13982-0}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-173478}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gut-brain disorder involving alterations in intestinal sensitivity and motility. Serotonin 5-HT4 receptors are promising candidates in IBS pathophysiology since they regulate gut motor function and stool consistency, and targeted 5-HT4R selective drug intervention has been proven beneficial in subgroups of patients. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs201253747) c.*61 T > C within the 5-HT4 receptor gene \(HTR4\) to be predominantly present in diarrhoea-IBS patients (IBS-D). It affects a binding site for the miR-16 family and miR-103/miR-107 within the isoforms \({HTR4b/i}\) and putatively impairs \(HTR4\) expression. Subsequent miRNA profiling revealed downregulation of miR-16 and miR-103 in the jejunum of IBS-D patients correlating with symptoms. \(In\) \(vitro\) assays confirmed expression regulation via three 3′UTR binding sites. The novel isoform \(HTR4b\_2\) lacking two of the three miRNA binding sites escapes miR-16/103/107 regulationin SNP carriers. We provide the first evidence that \(HTR4\) expression is fine-tuned by miRNAs, and that this regulation is impaired either by the SNP c.*61 T > C or bydiminished levels of miR-16 and miR-103 suggesting that \(HTR4\) might be involved in the development of IBS-D.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidGrieselFischeretal.2022, author = {Schmid, Benedikt and Griesel, Mirko and Fischer, Anna-Lena and Romero, Carolina S. and Metzendorf, Maria-Inti and Weibel, Stephanie and Fichtner, Falk}, title = {Awake prone positioning, high-flow nasal oxygen and non-invasive ventilation as non-invasive respiratory strategies in COVID-19 acute respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {2}, issn = {2077-0383}, doi = {10.3390/jcm11020391}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-255225}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Acute respiratory failure is the most important organ dysfunction of COVID-19 patients. While non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen are frequently used, efficacy and safety remain uncertain. Benefits and harms of awake prone positioning (APP) in COVID-19 patients are unknown. Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing HFNC vs. NIV and APP vs. standard care. We meta-analyzed data for mortality, intubation rate, and safety. Results: Five RCTs (2182 patients) were identified. While it remains uncertain whether HFNC compared to NIV alters mortality (RR: 0.92, 95\% CI 0.65-1.33), HFNC may increase rate of intubation or death (composite endpoint; RR 1.22, 1.03-1.45). We do not know if HFNC alters risk for harm. APP compared to standard care probably decreases intubation rate (RR 0.83, 0.71-0.96) but may have little or no effect on mortality (RR: 1.08, 0.51-2.31). Conclusions: Certainty of evidence is moderate to very low. There is no compelling evidence for either HFNC or NIV, but both carry substantial risk for harm. The use of APP probably has benefits although mortality appears unaffected.}, language = {en} } @techreport{FischerSchaper2021, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Fischer, Doris and Schaper, Anna-Katharina}, title = {Does Gender Matter for the Entrepreneurship Fairy Tale? An Analysis of Chinese Unicorn Start-ups}, series = {CBE Research Notes}, journal = {CBE Research Notes}, issn = {2747-8661}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-24441}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244415}, pages = {9}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Start-up ecosystems around the world have created a large number of successful and innovative unicorn companies in recent years. Our research note focuses on the case of China and offers a global comparative perspective on the current status of Chinese unicorn start-ups and their founding structure. We identify a predominantly male unicorn founding structure and illustrate a worrying decline of female entrepreneurship in China.}, language = {en} } @incollection{NadlerFischerScharl2023, author = {Nadler, Martin and Fischer, Anna-Leena and Scharl, Silviane}, title = {Ein Siedlungsplatz der {\"a}ltesten und {\"a}lteren Linearbandkeramik im Steinbruch M{\"o}rlbach, Gde. Gallmersgarten im nordwestlichen Mittelfranken (Lkr. Neustadt a. d. Aisch-Bad Windsheim)}, series = {Neue Materialien des Bayerischen Neolithikums 4 - Tagung im Kloster Windberg vom 12. bis 14. November 2021}, booktitle = {Neue Materialien des Bayerischen Neolithikums 4 - Tagung im Kloster Windberg vom 12. bis 14. November 2021}, editor = {Husty, Ludwig and Link, Thomas and Pechtl, Joachim}, publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press}, address = {W{\"u}rzburg}, doi = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-219-5-29}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-328830}, publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press}, pages = {29-44}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Am westlichen Rand der sogenannten Windsheimer Bucht wurde in den Jahren 2012-2019 der Randbereich einer, nach allgemeiner Befundlage wohl nur kurzfristig bestehenden, Siedlung der {\"a}lteren Linearbandkeramik ausgegraben. Herausragende Einzelbefunde sind ein vollst{\"a}ndiger und ein baugleicher halber Grundriss eines Langhauses mit Y-Pfostenstellung. Anhand der keramischen Funde ist eine Einordnung an den Beginn der Phase Flomborn m{\"o}glich, {\"a}ltestbandkeramische Elemente sind allerdings noch deutlich vertreten. Somit liegt ein wichtiger Fundplatz f{\"u}r diesen {\"U}bergangsbereich vor. Radiocarbondaten st{\"u}tzen eine Datierung ins 51. Jh. v. Chr. Beobachtungen zur Verf{\"u}llungsgeschichte und Sedimentgenese an den hausbegleitenden Gruben lassen Erkenntnisse zur Bauweise erwarten.}, language = {de} }