@phdthesis{Schmitz2019,
  author    = {Schmitz, Benedikt},
  title     = {Supraspinatus muscle elasticity measured with real time shear wave ultrasound elastography correlates with MRI spectroscopic measured amount of fatty degeneration},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-17748},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177487},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Die fettige Degeneration (FD) der Rotatorenmanschettenmuskulatur beeinflusst das funktionelle und anatomische Ergebnis nach der Rotatorenmanschettenrekonstruktion. Die MRT-basierende Absch{\"a}tzung der fettigen Degeneration ist der aktuelle Goldstandard im klinischen Alltag. Es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass die Ultraschallelastographie (EUS) lokale Unterschiede der Gewebesteifigkeit in Muskeln und Sehnen feststellen kann. Mit der Scherwellenelastographie (SWE) wurde versucht zu bestimmen, in welchem ​​Ausmaß die Scherwellengeschwindigkeit mit den Messungen der Fettentartung verbunden war. Die MRT-spektroskopische Fettmessung wurde als Referenz verwendet, um die Fettmenge im Muskelbauch zu quantifizieren. METHODEN: Bei 42 Patienten wurde die SWE am dicksten Durchmesser des Supraspinatusmuskels angewendet. Anschließend wurde eine MRT-spektroskopische Fettmessung des Supraspinatusmuskels mit der SPLASH-Technik durchgef{\"u}hrt. Eine gelgef{\"u}llte Kapsel wurde verwendet, um die gemessene Fl{\"a}che im MRT zu lokalisieren. Die mit der SWE und der spektroskopischen Fettmessung gemessenen Werte der Scherwellengeschwindigkeit wurden unter Verwendung des Pearson-Korrelationstests statistisch korreliert. ERGEBNISSE: Die Korrelation der mit der MRT-Spektroskopie gemessenen Fettmenge und der mit der SWE gemessenen Scherwellengeschwindigkeit betrug p = 0,82. Das spektroskopisch gemessene Fettverh{\"a}ltnis des Supraspinatusmuskels lag zwischen 0\% und 77,41\% und der Scherwellengeschwindigkeit zwischen 1,59 m / s und 5,32 m / s. Bei 4 Patienten konnte keine ausreichende Scherwellenelastographie durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Diese Personen wiesen einen gr{\"o}ßeren Durchmesser des dar{\"u}ber liegenden Weichgewebes auf. Die mit SWE gemessene Scherwellengeschwindigkeit zeigte eine gute Korrelation mit der MRT-spektroskopischen Fettmenge des Supraspinatusmuskels. FAZIT: Diese vorl{\"a}ufigen Daten deuten darauf hin, dass SWE eine gute Methode zum Erkennen und Absch{\"a}tzen der fettigen Degeneration im Supraspinatusmuskel in Echtzeit sein kann.},
  subject      = {Fettige Degeneration Muskel},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SchmalzlFenwickReicheletal.2022,
  author    = {Schmalzl, Jonas and Fenwick, Annabel and Reichel, Thomas and Schmitz, Benedikt and Jordan, Martin and Meffert, Rainer and Plumhoff, Piet and Boehm, Dirk and Gilbert, Fabian},
  title     = {Anterior deltoid muscle tension quantified with shear wave ultrasound elastography correlates with pain level after reverse shoulder arthroplasty},
  series = {European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery \& Traumatology},
  volume    = {32},
  journal   = {European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery \& Traumatology},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1432-1068},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00590-021-02987-1},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-268441},
  pages     = {333-339},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Introduction Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) leads to medialization and distalization of the centre of rotation of the shoulder joint resulting in lengthening of the deltoid muscle. Shear wave ultrasound elastography (SWE) is a reliable method for quantifying tissue stiffness. The purpose of this study was to analyse if deltoid muscle tension after RSA correlates with the patients' pain level. We hypothesized that higher deltoid muscle tension would be associated with increased pain. Material and methods Eighteen patients treated with RSA were included. Constant score (CS) and pain level on the visual analogue scale (VAS) were analysed and SWE was performed on both shoulders. All three regions of the deltoid muscle were examined in resting position and under standardized isometric loading. Results Average patient age was 76 (range 64-84) years and average follow-up was 15 months (range 4-48). The average CS was 66 points (range 35-89) and the average pain level on the VAS was 1.8 (range 0.5-4.7). SWE revealed statistically significant higher muscle tension in the anterior and middle deltoid muscle region in patients after RSA compared to the contralateral non-operated side. There was a statistically significant correlation between pain level and anterior deltoid muscle tension. Conclusion SWE revealed increased tension in the anterior and middle portion of the deltoid muscle after RSA in a clinical setting. Increased tension of the anterior deltoid muscle portion significantly correlated with an increased pain level. SWE is a powerful, cost-effective, quick, dynamic, non-invasive, and radiation-free imaging technique to evaluate tissue elasticity in the shoulder with a wide range of applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GilbertKleinWengetal.2017,
  author    = {Gilbert, Fabian and Klein, Detlef and Weng, Andreas Max and K{\"o}stler, Herbert and Schmitz, Benedikt and Schmalzl, Jonas and B{\"o}hm, Dirk},
  title     = {Supraspinatus muscle elasticity measured with real time shear wave ultrasound elastography correlates with MRI spectroscopic measured amount of fatty degeneration},
  series = {BMC Muscoskeletal Disorders},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {BMC Muscoskeletal Disorders},
  number    = {549},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12891-017-1911-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159378},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Background: Fatty Degeneration (FD) of the rotator cuff muscles influences functional and anatomical outcome after rotator cuff repair. The MRI based estimation of fatty degeneration is the gold standard. There is some evidence that Ultrasound elastography (EUS) can detect local differences of tissue stiffness in muscles and tendons. Shear-wave elastography (SWE) was evaluated to determine the extent to which shear wave velocity was associated with measures of fatty degeneration. MRI-spectroscopic fat measurement was used as a reference to quantify the amount of fat in the muscle belly. Methods: Forty-two patients underwent SWE of the supraspinatus muscles at its thickest diameter. After ultrasound evaluation an MRI-spectroscopic fat measurement of the supraspinatus muscle was performed using the SPLASH-technique. A gel filled capsule was used to locate the measured area in the MRI. The values of shear wave velocity (SWV) measured with SWE and spectroscopic fat measurement were correlated statistically using Pearson's correlation test. Results: Correlation of the fat amount measured with MRI-spectroscopy and the SWV measured with SWE was ρ =0.82. Spectroscopic measured fat ratio of the supraspinatus muscle ranged from 0\% to 77.41\% and SWV from 1.59 m/s to 5.32 m/s. In 4 patients no sufficient SWE could be performed, these individuals showed a larger diameter of the overlying soft tissue. SWV measured with SWE showed a good correlation with MRI spectroscopic fat amount of the supraspinatus muscle. Conclusion: These preliminary data suggest that SWE may be a sufficient tool in detecting and estimating the amount of fatty degeneration in the supraspinatus muscle in real time. Large overlying soft tissue may be a limitation in performing sufficient EUS.},
  language  = {en}
}