@techreport{LuettickenWegenkaYuanetal.1994,
  author    = {L{\"u}tticken, Claudia and Wegenka, Ursula M. and Yuan, Juping and Buschmann, Jan and Schindler, Chris and Ziemiecki, Andrew and Harpur, Alisa G. and Wilks, Andrew F. and Yasukawa, Kiyoshi and Taga, Tetsuya and Kishimoto, Tadamitsu and Barbieri, Giovanna and Sendtner, Michael and Pellegrini, Sandra and Heinrich, Peter C. and Horn, Friedemann},
  title     = {Association of transcription factor APRF and protein kinase JAK1 with the IL-6 signal transducer gp130},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42577},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {Interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, oncostatin M. Interleukin-11, and cilialy neurotrophic factor bind to receptor complexes that share the signal transducer gp130. Upon binding, the ligands rapidly activate DNA binding of acute-phase response factor (APRF), a protein antigenicaly relaled to the p91 subunit of the interferon-stimulated gene factor-(ISGF-3a). These cytokines caused tyrosine phosphorylation of APRF and ISGF-3a p91. Protein kinases of the Jak family were also rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated, and both APRF and Jak1 associated with gp130. These data indicate that Jak family protein kinases may participate in IL-6 signaling and that APRF may be activated in a complex with gp130.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TrudzinskiMinkoRappetal.2016,
  author    = {Trudzinski, Franziska C. and Minko, Peter and Rapp, Daniel and F{\"a}hndrich, Sebastian and Haake, Hendrik and Haab, Myriam and Bohle, Rainer M. and Flaig, Monika and Kaestner, Franziska and Bals, Robert and Wilkens, Heinrike and Muellenbach, Ralf M. and Link, Andreas and Groesdonk, Heinrich V. and Lensch, Christian and Langer, Frank and Lepper, Philipp M.},
  title     = {Runtime and aPTT predict venous thrombosis and thromboembolism in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective analysis},
  series = {Annals of Intensive Care},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Annals of Intensive Care},
  doi       = {10.1186/s13613-016-0172-2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164455},
  pages     = {66},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Background Even though bleeding and thromboembolic events are major complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), data on the incidence of venous thrombosis (VT) and thromboembolism (VTE) under ECMO are scarce. This study analyzes the incidence and predictors of VTE in patients treated with ECMO due to respiratory failure. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients treated on ECMO in our center from 04/2010 to 11/2015. Patients with thromboembolic events prior to admission were excluded. Diagnosis was made by imaging in survivors and postmortem examination in deceased patients. Results Out of 102 screened cases, 42 survivors and 21 autopsy cases [mean age 46.0 ± 14.4 years; 37 (58.7 \%) males] fulfilling the above-mentioned criteria were included. Thirty-four patients (54.0 \%) underwent ECMO therapy due to ARDS, and 29 patients (46.0 \%) with chronic organ failure were bridged to lung transplantation. Despite systemic anticoagulation at a mean PTT of 50.6 ± 12.8 s, [VT/VTE 47.0 ± 12.3 s and no VT/VTE 53.63 ± 12.51 s (p = 0.037)], VT and/or VTE was observed in 29 cases (46.1 \%). The rate of V. cava thrombosis was 15/29 (51.7 \%). Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism prevailed in deceased patients [5/21 (23.8 \%) vs. 2/42 (4.8 \%) (p = 0.036)]. In a multivariable analysis, only aPTT and time on ECMO predicted VT/VTE. There was no difference in the incidence of clinically diagnosed VT in ECMO survivors and autopsy findings. Conclusions Venous thrombosis and thromboembolism following ECMO therapy are frequent. Quality of anticoagulation and ECMO runtime predicted thromboembolic events. "},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchleicherPaduchDebusetal.2016,
  author    = {Schleicher, Ulrike and Paduch, Katrin and Debus, Andrea and Obermeyer, Stephanie and K{\"o}nig, Till and Kling, Jessica C. and Ribechini, Eliana and Dudziak, Diana and Mougiakakos, Dimitrios and Murray, Peter J. and Ostuni, Renato and K{\"o}rner, Heinrich and Bogdan, Christian},
  title     = {TNF-Mediated Restriction of Arginase 1 Expression in Myeloid Cells Triggers Type 2 NO Synthase Activity at the Site of Infection},
  series = {Cell Reports},
  volume    = {15},
  journal   = {Cell Reports},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.001},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164897},
  pages     = {1062-1075},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Neutralization or deletion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) causes loss of control of intracellular pathogens in mice and humans, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we found that TNF antagonized alternative activation of macrophages and dendritic cells by IL-4. TNF inhibited IL-4-induced arginase 1 (Arg1) expression by decreasing histone acetylation, without affecting STAT6 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. In Leishmania major-infected C57BL/6 wild-type mice, type 2 nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS2) was detected in inflammatory dendritic cells or macrophages, some of which co-expressed Arg1. In TNF-deficient mice, Arg1 was hyperexpressed, causing an impaired production of NO in situ. A similar phenotype was seen in L. major-infected BALB/c mice. Arg1 deletion in hematopoietic cells protected these mice from an otherwise lethal disease, although their disease-mediating T cell response (Th2, Treg) was maintained. Thus, deletion or TNF-mediated restriction of Arg1 unleashes the production of NO by NOS2, which is critical for pathogen control.},
  language  = {en}
}