@article{GanuzaRedlichUhleretal.2022,
  author    = {Ganuza, Cristina and Redlich, Sarah and Uhler, Johannes and Tobisch, Cynthia and Rojas-Botero, Sandra and Peters, Marcell K. and Zhang, Jie and Benjamin, Caryl S. and Englmeier, Jana and Ewald, J{\"o}rg and Fricke, Ute and Haensel, Maria and Kollmann, Johannes and Riebl, Rebekka and Uphus, Lars and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf},
  title     = {Interactive effects of climate and land use on pollinator diversity differ among taxa and scales},
  series = {Science Advances},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Science Advances},
  number    = {18},
  doi       = {10.1126/sciadv.abm9359},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-301303},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Changes in climate and land use are major threats to pollinating insects, an essential functional group. Here, we unravel the largely unknown interactive effects of both threats on seven pollinator taxa using a multiscale space-for-time approach across large climate and land-use gradients in a temperate region. Pollinator community composition, regional gamma diversity, and community dissimilarity (beta diversity) of pollinator taxa were shaped by climate-land-use interactions, while local alpha diversity was solely explained by their additive effects. Pollinator diversity increased with reduced land-use intensity (forest < grassland < arable land < urban) and high flowering-plant diversity at different spatial scales, and higher temperatures homogenized pollinator communities across regions. Our study reveals declines in pollinator diversity with land-use intensity at multiple spatial scales and regional community homogenization in warmer and drier climates. Management options at several scales are highlighted to mitigate impacts of climate change on pollinators and their ecosystem services.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RedlichZhangBenjaminetal.2022,
  author    = {Redlich, Sarah and Zhang, Jie and Benjamin, Caryl and Dhillon, Maninder Singh and Englmeier, Jana and Ewald, J{\"o}rg and Fricke, Ute and Ganuza, Cristina and Haensel, Maria and Hovestadt, Thomas and Kollmann, Johannes and Koellner, Thomas and K{\"u}bert-Flock, Carina and Kunstmann, Harald and Menzel, Annette and Moning, Christoph and Peters, Wibke and Riebl, Rebekka and Rummler, Thomas and Rojas-Botero, Sandra and Tobisch, Cynthia and Uhler, Johannes and Uphus, Lars and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf},
  title     = {Disentangling effects of climate and land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services—A multi-scale experimental design},
  series = {Methods in Ecology and Evolution},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Methods in Ecology and Evolution},
  number    = {2},
  doi       = {10.1111/2041-210X.13759},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-258270},
  pages     = {514-527},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Climate and land-use change are key drivers of environmental degradation in the Anthropocene, but too little is known about their interactive effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Long-term data on biodiversity trends are currently lacking. Furthermore, previous ecological studies have rarely considered climate and land use in a joint design, did not achieve variable independence or lost statistical power by not covering the full range of environmental gradients. Here, we introduce a multi-scale space-for-time study design to disentangle effects of climate and land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The site selection approach coupled extensive GIS-based exploration (i.e. using a Geographic information system) and correlation heatmaps with a crossed and nested design covering regional, landscape and local scales. Its implementation in Bavaria (Germany) resulted in a set of study plots that maximise the potential range and independence of environmental variables at different spatial scales. Stratifying the state of Bavaria into five climate zones (reference period 1981-2010) and three prevailing land-use types, that is, near-natural, agriculture and urban, resulted in 60 study regions (5.8 × 5.8 km quadrants) covering a mean annual temperature gradient of 5.6-9.8°C and a spatial extent of ~310 × 310 km. Within these regions, we nested 180 study plots located in contrasting local land-use types, that is, forests, grasslands, arable land or settlement (local climate gradient 4.5-10°C). This approach achieved low correlations between climate and land use (proportional cover) at the regional and landscape scale with |r ≤ 0.33| and |r ≤ 0.29| respectively. Furthermore, using correlation heatmaps for local plot selection reduced potentially confounding relationships between landscape composition and configuration for plots located in forests, arable land and settlements. The suggested design expands upon previous research in covering a significant range of environmental gradients and including a diversity of dominant land-use types at different scales within different climatic contexts. It allows independent assessment of the relative contribution of multi-scale climate and land use on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Understanding potential interdependencies among global change drivers is essential to develop effective restoration and mitigation strategies against biodiversity decline, especially in expectation of future climatic changes. Importantly, this study also provides a baseline for long-term ecological monitoring programs.},
  language  = {en}
}