@article{KilianWehmeierWahletal.2016,
  author    = {Kilian, Yvonne and Wehmeier, Udo F. and Wahl, Patrick and Mester, Joachim and Hilberg, Thomas and Sperlich, Billy},
  title     = {Acute Response of Circulating Vascular Regulating MicroRNAs during and after High-Intensity and High-Volume Cycling in Children},
  series = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  number    = {92},
  doi       = {10.3389/fphys.2016.00092},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-165261},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the response of vascular circulating microRNAs (miRNAs; miR-16, miR-21, miR-126) and the VEGF mRNA following an acute bout of HIIT and HVT in children. Methods: Twelve healthy competitive young male cyclists (14.4 ± 0.8 years; 57.9 ± 9.4 ml•min-1•kg-1 peak oxygen uptake) performed one session of high intensity 4 × 4 min intervals (HIIT) at 90-95\% peak power output (PPO), each interval separated by 3 min of active recovery, and one high volume session (HVT) consisting of a constant load exercise for 90 min at 60\% PPO. Capillary blood from the earlobe was collected under resting conditions, during exercise (d1 = 20 min, d2 = 30 min, d3 = 60 min), and 0, 30, 60, 180 min after the exercise to determine miR-16, -21, -126, and VEGF mRNA. Results: HVT significantly increased miR-16 and miR-126 during and after the exercise compared to pre-values, whereas HIIT showed no significant influence on the miRNAs compared to pre-values. VEGF mRNA significantly increased during and after HIIT (d1, 30′, 60′, 180′) and HVT (d3, 0′, 60′). Conclusion: Results of the present investigation suggest a volume dependent exercise regulation of vascular regulating miRNAs (miR-16, miR-21, miR-126) in children. In line with previous data, our data show that acute exercise can alter circulating miRNAs profiles that might be used as novel biomarkers to monitor acute and chronic changes due to exercise in various tissues.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Wahl2019,
  author    = {Wahl, Joachim},
  title     = {The Use of Ionic Liquids in Capillary Electrophoresis Enantioseparation},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-17639},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176397},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Two chiral chemical molecules being mirror images of each other, also referred to as enantiomers, may have different pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicological effects. Thus, pharmaceutical manufacturers and authorities are increasingly interested in the approval of enantiopure drugs. However, the isomeric purity and the limits for isomeric impurities have to be specified applying enantioselective analytical methods, such as capillary electrophoresis. The separation of enantiomers in capillary electrophoresis may be improved by the addition of ionic liquids to the background electrolyte. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different separation conditions on the enantioseparation of phenethylamines in background electrolytes containing ionic liquids based on tetrabutylammonium cations. Best chiral separations were achieved at acidic pH values using phosphate buffers containing 125 mmol/L tetrabutylammonium based salts. Different reasons explaining enhanced enantioseparations in buffers containing ionic liquids were found. First, due to an improvement of the cyclodextrin solubility, the addition of ionic liquids to the background electrolyte enables the use of higher concentrations of these chiral selector. Furthermore, the adsorption of tetrabutylammonium cations to the negatively charged capillary surface results in a reduction of the electroosmotic flow. Hence, the resulting prolongation of migration times leads to a longer period of time for the separation of temporarily formed diastereomeric analyte cyclodextrin complexes, which yields improved enantioseparation. Additionally, due to a decrease of the adsorption of positively charged phenethylamine analyte molecules to capillary surface silanol groups, the adsorption of ionic liquid cations inhibits peak broadening. A further reason explaining an enhanced enantioseparation by the addition of ionic liquids to the background electrolyte is a competition between tetrabutylammonium cations and analyte enantiomers for the inclusion into cyclodextrin cavities. Furthermore, the influence of different chiral counterions, combined with tetrabutylammonium cations, on the enantioseparation of phenethylamines was investigated. Solely anions based on the basic proteinogenic amino acids L lysine and L arginine yielded chiral separation results superior to those achieved using achiral tetrabutylammonium chloride as background electrolyte additive. Especially the application of tetrabutylammonium L argininate gave very good enantioseparations of all investigated ephedrine derivatives, which might be explained by the ability of L arginine to affect the formation of complexes between analytes and cyclodextrins. Besides the investigation of the influence of ionic liquids on the enantioseparation, complexes between phenethylamine enantiomers and β cyclodextrin derivatives were characterized by affinity capillary electrophoresis. The binding constants between analyte enantiomers and cyclodextrins and the electrophoretic mobilities of the temporarily formed complexes were determined and compared to the observed chiral resolution values. While neither the calculated binding constants nor their differences correlated with the quality of the enantioseparation, a strong correlation between the differences of the electrophoretic mobilities of the complexes and the chiral resolution values was found.},
  subject      = {Kapillarelektrophorese},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZinnerSperlichWahletal.2015,
  author    = {Zinner, Christoph and Sperlich, Billy and Wahl, Patrick and Mester, Joachim},
  title     = {Classification of selected cardiopulmonary variables of elite athletes of different age, gender, and disciplines during incremental exercise testing},
  series = {SpringerPlus},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {SpringerPlus},
  number    = {544},
  doi       = {10.1186/s40064-015-1341-8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-126275},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Incremental exercise testing is frequently used as a tool for evaluating determinants of endurance performance. The available reference values for the peak oxygen uptake \((VO_{2peak})\), \% of \(VO_{2peak}\) , running speed at the lactate threshold \((v_{LT})\), running economy (RE), and maximal running speed \((v_{peak})\) for different age, gender, and disciplines are not sufficient for the elite athletic population. The key variables of 491 young athletes (age range 12-21 years; 250 males, 241 females) assessed during a running step test protocol \((2.4 m s^{-1} ; increase 0.4 m s^{-1} 5 min^{-1})\) were analysed in five subgroups, which were related to combat-, team-, endurance-, sprint- and power-, and racquet-related disciplines. Compared with female athletes, male athletes achieved a higher \(v_{peak}\) (P = 0.004). The body mass, lean body mass, height, abs. \(VO_{2peak} (ml min^{-1})\), rel. \(VO_{2peak} (ml kg^{-1} min^{-1})\), rel. \(VO_{2peak} (ml min^{-1} kg^{-0.75})\), and RE were higher in the male participants compared with the females (P < 0.01). The \% of \(VO_2\) at \(v_{LT}\) was lower in the males compared with the females (P < 0.01). No differences between gender were detected for the \(v_{LT}\) (P = 0.17) and \% of \(VO_2\) at \(v_{LT}\) (P = 0.42). This study is one of the first to provide a broad spectrum of data to classify nearly 500 elite athletes aged 12-21 years of both gender and different disciplines.},
  language  = {en}
}