@article{EbertWeissenbergerBraunetal.2022, author = {Ebert, Regina and Weissenberger, Manuel and Braun, Clemens and Wagenbrenner, Mike and Herrmann, Marietta and M{\"u}ller-Deubert, Sigrid and Krug, Melanie and Jakob, Franz and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {Impaired regenerative capacity and senescence-associated secretory phenotype in mesenchymal stromal cells from samples of patients with aseptic joint arthroplasty loosening}, series = {Journal of Orthopaedic Research}, volume = {40}, journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic Research}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1002/jor.25041}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-238963}, pages = {513 -- 523}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Aseptic loosening of total hip and knee joint replacements is the most common indication for revision surgery after primary hip and knee arthroplasty. Research suggests that exposure and uptake of wear by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and macrophages results in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and local osteolysis, but also impaired cell viability and regenerative capacity of MSC. Therefore, this in vitro study compared the regenerative and differentiation capacity of MSC derived from patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (MSCprim) to MSC derived from patients undergoing revision surgery after aseptic loosening of total hip and knee joint implants (MSCrev). Regenerative capacity was examined by measuring the cumulative population doubling (CPD) in addition to the number of passages until cells stopped proliferating. Osteogenesis and adipogenesis in monolayer cultures were assessed using histological stainings. Furthermore, RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the relative expression of osteogenic and adipogenic marker genes as well as the expression of markers for a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). MSCrev possessed a limited regenerative capacity in comparison to MSCprim. Interestingly, MSCrev also showed an impaired osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity compared to MSCprim and displayed a SASP early after isolation. Whether this is the cause or the consequence of the aseptic loosening of total joint implants remains unclear. Future research should focus on the identification of specific cell markers on MSCprim, which may influence complication rates such as aseptic loosening of total joint arthroplasty to further individualize and optimize total joint arthroplasty.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannDiederichsMelniketal.2021, author = {Herrmann, Marietta and Diederichs, Solvig and Melnik, Svitlana and Riegger, Jana and Trivanović, Drenka and Li, Shushan and Jenei-Lanzl, Zsuzsa and Brenner, Rolf E. and Huber-Lang, Markus and Zaucke, Frank and Schildberg, Frank A. and Gr{\"a}ssel, Susanne}, title = {Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Pathologies and Regeneration}, series = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, issn = {2296-4185}, doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2020.624096}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-222882}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The incidence of musculoskeletal diseases is steadily increasing with aging of the population. In the past years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained attention in musculoskeletal research. EVs have been associated with various musculoskeletal pathologies as well as suggested as treatment option. EVs play a pivotal role in communication between cells and their environment. Thereby, the EV cargo is highly dependent on their cellular origin. In this review, we summarize putative mechanisms by which EVs can contribute to musculoskeletal tissue homeostasis, regeneration and disease, in particular matrix remodeling and mineralization, pro-angiogenic effects and immunomodulatory activities. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present the most frequently used cell source for EV generation for musculoskeletal applications, and herein we discuss how the MSC phenotype can influence the cargo and thus the regenerative potential of EVs. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (iMPs) may overcome current limitations of MSCs, and iMP-derived EVs are discussed as an alternative strategy. In the last part of the article, we focus on therapeutic applications of EVs and discuss both practical considerations for EV production and the current state of EV-based therapies.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannEngelkeEbertetal.2020, author = {Herrmann, Marietta and Engelke, Klaus and Ebert, Regina and M{\"u}ller-Deubert, Sigrid and Rudert, Maximilian and Ziouti, Fani and Jundt, Franziska and Felsenberg, Dieter and Jakob, Franz}, title = {Interactions between muscle and bone — Where physics meets biology}, series = {Biomolecules}, volume = {10}, journal = {Biomolecules}, number = {3}, issn = {2218-273X}, doi = {10.3390/biom10030432}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-203399}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Muscle and bone interact via physical forces and secreted osteokines and myokines. Physical forces are generated through gravity, locomotion, exercise, and external devices. Cells sense mechanical strain via adhesion molecules and translate it into biochemical responses, modulating the basic mechanisms of cellular biology such as lineage commitment, tissue formation, and maturation. This may result in the initiation of bone formation, muscle hypertrophy, and the enhanced production of extracellular matrix constituents, adhesion molecules, and cytoskeletal elements. Bone and muscle mass, resistance to strain, and the stiffness of matrix, cells, and tissues are enhanced, influencing fracture resistance and muscle power. This propagates a dynamic and continuous reciprocity of physicochemical interaction. Secreted growth and differentiation factors are important effectors of mutual interaction. The acute effects of exercise induce the secretion of exosomes with cargo molecules that are capable of mediating the endocrine effects between muscle, bone, and the organism. Long-term changes induce adaptations of the respective tissue secretome that maintain adequate homeostatic conditions. Lessons from unloading, microgravity, and disuse teach us that gratuitous tissue is removed or reorganized while immobility and inflammation trigger muscle and bone marrow fatty infiltration and propagate degenerative diseases such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Ongoing research will certainly find new therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.}, language = {en} } @article{HerrmannHildebrandMenzeletal.2019, author = {Herrmann, Marietta and Hildebrand, Maria and Menzel, Ursula and Fahy, Niamh and Alini, Mauro and Lang, Siegmund and Benneker, Lorin and Verrier, Sophie and Stoddart, Martin J. and Bara, Jennifer J.}, title = {Phenotypic characterization of bone marrow mononuclear cells and derived stromal cell populations from human iliac crest, vertebral body and femoral head}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {20}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {14}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms20143454}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285054}, year = {2019}, abstract = {(1) In vitro, bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) demonstrate inter-donor phenotypic variability, which presents challenges for the development of regenerative therapies. Here, we investigated whether the frequency of putative BMSC sub-populations within the freshly isolated mononuclear cell fraction of bone marrow is phenotypically predictive for the in vitro derived stromal cell culture. (2) Vertebral body, iliac crest, and femoral head bone marrow were acquired from 33 patients (10 female and 23 male, age range 14-91). BMSC sub-populations were identified within freshly isolated mononuclear cell fractions based on cell-surface marker profiles. Stromal cells were expanded in monolayer on tissue culture plastic. Phenotypic assessment of in vitro derived cell cultures was performed by examining growth kinetics, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. (3) Gender, donor age, and anatomical site were neither predictive for the total yield nor the population doubling time of in vitro derived BMSC cultures. The abundance of freshly isolated progenitor sub-populations (CD45-CD34-CD73+, CD45-CD34-CD146+, NG2+CD146+) was not phenotypically predictive of derived stromal cell cultures in terms of growth kinetics nor plasticity. BMSCs derived from iliac crest and vertebral body bone marrow were more responsive to chondrogenic induction, forming superior cartilaginous tissue in vitro, compared to those isolated from femoral head. (4) The identification of discrete progenitor populations in bone marrow by current cell-surface marker profiling is not predictive for subsequently derived in vitro BMSC cultures. Overall, the iliac crest and the vertebral body offer a more reliable tissue source of stromal progenitor cells for cartilage repair strategies compared to femoral head.}, language = {en} } @article{KrsticHerrmannGadjanskietal.2017, author = {Krstic, Jelena and Herrmann, Marietta and Gadjanski, Ivana and Mojsilovic, Slavko}, title = {Editorial: Microenvironment-derived stem cell plasticity}, series = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology}, issn = {2296-634X}, doi = {10.3389/fcell.2017.00082}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-197424}, year = {2017}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, language = {en} } @article{LiStoecklLukasetal.2020, author = {Li, Shushan and St{\"o}ckl, Sabine and Lukas, Christoph and G{\"o}tz, Julia and Herrmann, Marietta and Federlin, Marianne and Gr{\"a}ssel, Susanne}, title = {hBMSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate IL-1β-Induced Catabolic Effects on OA-Chondrocytes by Regulating Pro-inflammatory Signaling Pathways}, series = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, issn = {2296-4185}, doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2020.603598}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-219749}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) provide a promising therapeutic approach in the cell-based therapy of osteoarthritis (OA). However, several disadvantages evolved recently, including immune responses of the host and regulatory hurdles, making it necessary to search for alternative treatment options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by multiple cell types and tissues into the extracellular microenvironment, acting as message carriers during intercellular communication. Here, we investigate putative protective effects of hBMSC-derived EVs as a cell-free approach, on IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes obtained from OA-patients. Methods: EVs were harvested from the cell culture supernatant of hBMSCs by a sequential ultracentrifugation process. Western blot, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were performed to characterize the purified particles as EVs. Intracellular incorporation of EVs, derived from PHK26-labeled hBMSCs, was tested by adding the labeled EVs to human OA chondrocytes (OA-CH), followed by fluorescence microscopy. Chondrocytes were pre-stimulated with IL-1β for 24 h, followed by EVs treatment for 24 h. Subsequently, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration (wound healing) were analyzed via BrdU assay, caspase 3/7 assay, and scratch assay, respectively. With qRT-PCR, the relative expression level of anabolic and catabolic genes was determined. Furthermore, immunofluorescence microscopy and western blot were performed to evaluate the protein expression and phosphorylation levels of Erk1/2, PI3K/Akt, p38, TAK1, and NF-κB as components of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in OA-CH. Results: EVs from hBMSCs (hBMSC-EVs) promote proliferation and reduce apoptosis of OA-CH and IL-1β-stimulated OA-CH. Moreover, hBMSC-EVs attenuate IL-1β-induced reduction of chondrocyte migration. Furthermore, hBMSC-EVs increase gene expression of PRG4, BCL2, and ACAN (aggrecan) and decrease gene expression of MMP13, ALPL, and IL1ß in OA-CH. Notably, COL2A1, SOX9, BCL2, ACAN, and COMP gene expression levels were significantly increased in IL-1β+ EV groups compared with those IL-1β groups without EVs, whereas the gene expression levels of COLX, IL1B, MMP13, and ALPL were significantly decreased in IL-1β+ EV groups compared to IL-1β groups without EVs. In addition, the phosphorylation status of Erk1/2, PI3K/Akt, p38, TAK1, and NF-κB signaling molecules, induced by IL-1β, is prevented by hBMSC- EVs. Conclusion: EVs derived from hBMSCs alleviated IL-1β-induced catabolic effects on OA-CH via promoting proliferation and migration and reducing apoptosis, probably via downregulation of IL-1ß-activated pro-inflammatory Erk1/2, PI3K/Akt, p38, TAK1, and NF-κB signaling pathways. EVs released from BMSCs may be considered as promising cell-free intervention strategy in cartilage regenerative medicine, avoiding several adverse effects of cell-based regenerative approaches.}, language = {en} } @article{MeyerStoethMoratinetal.2021, author = {Meyer, Till Jasper and St{\"o}th, Manuel and Moratin, Helena and Ickrath, Pascal and Herrmann, Marietta and Kleinsasser, Norbert and Hagen, Rudolf and Hackenberg, Stephan and Scherzad, Agmal}, title = {Cultivation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells with wound fluid leads to cisplatin resistance via epithelial-mesenchymal transition induction}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {9}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms22094474}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-258722}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Locoregional recurrence is a major reason for therapy failure after surgical resection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The physiological process of postoperative wound healing could potentially support the proliferation of remaining tumor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of wound fluid (WF) on the cell cycle distribution and a potential induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To verify this hypothesis, we incubated FaDu and HLaC78 cells with postoperative WF from patients after neck dissection. Cell viability in dependence of WF concentration and cisplatin was measured by flow cytometry. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry and EMT-marker expression by rtPCR. WF showed high concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, CCL2, MCP-1, EGF, angiogenin, and leptin. The cultivation of tumor cells with WF resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation without affecting the cell cycle. In addition, there was a significant enhancement of the mesenchymal markers Snail 2 and vimentin, while the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin was significantly decreased. After cisplatin treatment, tumor cells incubated with WF showed a significantly higher resistance compared with the control group. The effect of cisplatin-resistance was dependent on the WF concentration. In summary, proinflammatory cytokines are predominantly found in WF. Furthermore, the results suggest that EMT can be induced by WF, which could be a possible mechanism for cisplatin resistance.}, language = {en} } @article{NiedermairLukasLietal.2020, author = {Niedermair, Tanja and Lukas, Christoph and Li, Shushan and St{\"o}ckl, Sabine and Craiovan, Benjamin and Brochhausen, Christoph and Federlin, Marianne and Herrmann, Marietta and Gr{\"a}ssel, Susanne}, title = {Influence of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated From Osteoblasts of Patients With Cox-Arthrosis and/or Osteoporosis on Metabolism and Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs}, series = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, issn = {2296-4185}, doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2020.615520}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-219902}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: Studies with extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, isolated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) indicate benefits for the treatment of musculoskeletal pathologies as osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP). However, little is known about intercellular effects of EVs derived from pathologically altered cells that might influence the outcome by counteracting effects from "healthy" MSC derived EVs. We hypothesize, that EVs isolated from osteoblasts of patients with hip OA (coxarthrosis/CA), osteoporosis (OP), or a combination of both (CA/OP) might negatively affect metabolism and osteogenic differentiation of bone-marrow derived (B)MSCs. Methods: Osteoblasts, isolated from bone explants of CA, OP, and CA/OP patients, were compared regarding growth, viability, and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Structural features of bone explants were analyzed via μCT. EVs were isolated from supernatant of na{\"i}ve BMSCs and CA, OP, and CA/OP osteoblasts (osteogenic culture for 35 days). BMSC cultures were stimulated with EVs and subsequently, cell metabolism, osteogenic marker gene expression, and osteogenic differentiation were analyzed. Results: Trabecular bone structure was different between the three groups with lowest number and highest separation in the CA/OP group. Viability and Alizarin red staining increased over culture time in CA/OP osteoblasts whereas growth of osteoblasts was comparable. Alizarin red staining was by trend higher in CA compared to OP osteoblasts after 35 days and ALP activity was higher after 28 and 35 days. Stimulation of BMSC cultures with CA, OP, and CA/OP EVs did not affect proliferation but increased caspase 3/7-activity compared to unstimulated BMSCs. BMSC viability was reduced after stimulation with CA and CA/OP EVs compared to unstimulated BMSCs or stimulation with OP EVs. ALP gene expression and activity were reduced in BMSCs after stimulation with CA, OP, and CA/OP EVs. Stimulation of BMSCs with CA EVs reduced Alizarin Red staining by trend. Conclusion: Stimulation of BMSCs with EVs isolated from CA, OP, and CA/OP osteoblasts had mostly catabolic effects on cell metabolism and osteogenic differentiation irrespective of donor pathology and reflect the impact of tissue microenvironment on cell metabolism. These catabolic effects are important for understanding differences in effects of EVs on target tissues/cells when harnessing them as therapeutic drugs.}, language = {en} } @article{PereiraLipphausErginetal.2021, author = {Pereira, Ana Rita and Lipphaus, Andreas and Ergin, Mert and Salehi, Sahar and Gehweiler, Dominic and Rudert, Maximilian and Hansmann, Jan and Herrmann, Marietta}, title = {Modeling of the Human Bone Environment: Mechanical Stimuli Guide Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions}, series = {Materials}, volume = {14}, journal = {Materials}, number = {16}, issn = {1996-1944}, doi = {10.3390/ma14164431}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245012}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In bone tissue engineering, the design of in vitro models able to recreate both the chemical composition, the structural architecture, and the overall mechanical environment of the native tissue is still often neglected. In this study, we apply a bioreactor system where human bone-marrow hMSCs are seeded in human femoral head-derived decellularized bone scaffolds and subjected to dynamic culture, i.e., shear stress induced by continuous cell culture medium perfusion at 1.7 mL/min flow rate and compressive stress by 10\% uniaxial load at 1 Hz for 1 h per day. In silico modeling revealed that continuous medium flow generates a mean shear stress of 8.5 mPa sensed by hMSCs seeded on 3D bone scaffolds. Experimentally, both dynamic conditions improved cell repopulation within the scaffold and boosted ECM production compared with static controls. Early response of hMSCs to mechanical stimuli comprises evident cell shape changes and stronger integrin-mediated adhesion to the matrix. Stress-induced Col6 and SPP1 gene expression suggests an early hMSC commitment towards osteogenic lineage independent of Runx2 signaling. This study provides a foundation for exploring the early effects of external mechanical stimuli on hMSC behavior in a biologically meaningful in vitro environment, opening new opportunities to study bone development, remodeling, and pathologies.}, language = {en} } @article{PereiraTrivanovićStahlhutetal.2022, author = {Pereira, Ana Rita and Trivanović, Drenka and Stahlhut, Philipp and Rudert, Maximilian and Groll, J{\"u}rgen and Herrmann, Marietta}, title = {Preservation of the na{\"i}ve features of mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro: Comparison of cell- and bone-derived decellularized extracellular matrix}, series = {Journal of Tissue Engineering}, volume = {13}, journal = {Journal of Tissue Engineering}, doi = {10.1177/20417314221074453}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-268835}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The fate and behavior of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSC) is bidirectionally influenced by their microenvironment, the stem cell niche, where a magnitude of biochemical and physical cues communicate in an extremely orchestrated way. It is known that simplified 2D in vitro systems for BM-MSC culture do not represent their na{\"i}ve physiological environment. Here, we developed four different 2D cell-based decellularized matrices (dECM) and a 3D decellularized human trabecular-bone scaffold (dBone) to evaluate BM-MSC behavior. The obtained cell-derived matrices provided a reliable tool for cell shape-based analyses of typical features associated with osteogenic differentiation at high-throughput level. On the other hand, exploratory proteomics analysis identified native bone-specific proteins selectively expressed in dBone but not in dECM models. Together with its architectural complexity, the physico-chemical properties of dBone triggered the upregulation of stemness associated genes and niche-related protein expression, proving in vitro conservation of the na{\"i}ve features of BM-MSC.}, language = {en} }