@article{SchartlSchluppSchartletal.1991,
  author    = {Schartl, Manfred and Schlupp, Ingo and Schartl, Angelika and Meyer, Manfred K. and Nanda, Indrajit and Schmid, Michael and Epplen, J{\"o}rg T. and Parzefall, Jakob},
  title     = {On the stability of dispensable constituents of the eukaryotic genome: Stability of coding sequences versus truly hypervariable sequences in a clonal vertebrate, the amazon molly, Poecilia formosa},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61731},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {In dooal unisexual vertebrales, the genes specifying the males become dispensable. To study tbe rate of such geoes the gynogeoetic all-female fisb Poecilillfonnolll was treated with androgens. Phenotypic males were obtained that exbibited the complete set of male cbaracteristics of dosely related gooocboristic species, induding body proportions, pigmentation, the extremely complex insemination apparatus of poecil{\"u}d fish, sexual bebavior, and spermatogeoesls. Tbe apparent stabllity of such genic structures, induding those involved in androgen regulation, is contrasted by high instability of noncoding sequeaces. Frequent mutations, thelr donal transmission, and at least two truly hypervariable Iod leading to individual difl'ereaces between these othenrise donal organisms were detected by DNA fingerprinting. These observations substantiate the concept that also in "ameiotic" vertebrates certain compartments of the genome are more prooe to mutatiooal alterations than others.},
  subject      = {Physiologische Chemie},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchartlNandaSchluppetal.1990,
  author    = {Schartl, Manfred and Nanda, Indrajit and Schlupp, Ingo and Parzefall, Jakob and Schmid, Michael and Epplen, J{\"o}rg T.},
  title     = {Genetic variation in the clonal vertebrate Poecilia formosa is limited to few truly hypervariable loci},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86359},
  year      = {1990},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Amazon Molly},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BarresSchmidSendtneretal.1993,
  author    = {Barres, B. A. and Schmid, R. and Sendtner, Michael and Raff, Martin C.},
  title     = {Multiple extracellular signals are required for long-term oligodendrocyte survival},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-42644},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {We showed previously that oligodendrocytes and their precursors require continuous signalling by protein trophic factors to avoid programmed cell death in culture. Here we show that three classes of such trophic factors promote oligodendrocyte survival in vitro: (1) insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), (2) neurotrophins, particularly neurotrophin-3 (NT -3), and (3) ciliary-neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). A single factor, or combinations of factors within the same class, promote only short-term survival of oligodendrocytes and their precursors, while combinations of factors from different classes promote survival additively. Long-term survival of oligodendrocytes in vitro requires at least one factor from each class, suggesting that multiple signals may be required for long-term oligodendrocyte survival in vivo. We also show that CNTF promotes oligodendrocyte survival in vivo, that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) can promote the survival of oligodendrocyte precursors in vitro by acting on a novel, very high affinity PDGF receptor, and that, in addition to its effect on survival, NT-3 is a potent mitogen for oligodendrocyte precursor cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchartlErbeldingDenkNandaetal.1991,
  author    = {Schartl, Manfred and Erbelding-Denk, Claudia and Nanda, Indrajit and Schmid, Michael and Schr{\"o}der, Johannes Horst and Epplen, J{\"o}rg T.},
  title     = {Mating success of subordinate males in a poeciliid fish species, Limia perugiae},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86349},
  year      = {1991},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Lebendgeb{\"a}rende Zahnkarpfen},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NotzSchmalzingWedekinketal.2020,
  author    = {Notz, Quirin and Schmalzing, Marc and Wedekink, Florian and Schlesinger, Tobias and Gernert, Michael and Herrmann, Johannes and Sorger, Lena and Weismann, Dirk and Schmid, Benedikt and Sitter, Magdalena and Schlegel, Nicolas and Kranke, Peter and Wischhusen, J{\"o}rg and Meybohm, Patrick and Lotz, Christopher},
  title     = {Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Responses in Severe COVID-19-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome—An Observational Pilot Study},
  series = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  issn      = {1664-3224},
  doi       = {10.3389/fimmu.2020.581338},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-212815},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Objectives The severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely determined by the immune response. First studies indicate altered lymphocyte counts and function. However, interactions of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms remain elusive. In the current study we characterized the immune responses in patients suffering from severe COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods This was a single-center retrospective study in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed COVID-19 between March 14th and May 28th 2020 (n = 39). Longitudinal data were collected within routine clinical care, including flow-cytometry of lymphocyte subsets, cytokine analysis and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15). Antibody responses against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike protein were analyzed. Results All patients suffered from severe ARDS, 30.8\% died. Interleukin (IL)-6 was massively elevated at every time-point. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was concomitantly upregulated with IL-6. The cellular response was characterized by lymphocytopenia with low counts of CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) and na{\"i}ve T helper cells. CD8+ T and NK cells recovered after 8 to 14 days. The B cell system was largely unimpeded. This coincided with a slight increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig) G and a decrease in anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-RBD IgM. GDF-15 levels were elevated throughout ICU treatment. Conclusions Massively elevated levels of IL-6 and a delayed cytotoxic immune defense characterized severe COVID-19-induced ARDS. The B cell response and antibody production were largely unimpeded. No obvious imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms was observed, with elevated GDF-15 levels suggesting increased tissue resilience.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BartelheimNemesSeeringeretal.2016,
  author    = {Bartelheim, Kerstin and Nemes, Karolina and Seeringer, Angela and Kerl, Kornelius and Buechner, Jochen and Boos, Joachim and Graf, Norbert and D{\"u}rken, Matthias and Gerss, Joachim and Hasselblatt, Martin and Kortmann, Rolf-Dieter and Teichert von Luettichau, Irene and Nagel, Inga and Nygaard, Randi and Oyen, Florian and Quiroga, Eduardo and Schlegel, Paul-Gerhardt and Schmid, Irene and Schneppenheim, Reinhard and Siebert, Reiner and Solano-Paez, Palma and Timmermann, Beate and Warmuth-Metz, Monika and Fr{\"u}hwald, Michael Christoph},
  title     = {Improved 6-year overall survival in AT/RT - results of the registry study Rhabdoid 2007},
  series = {Cancer Medicine},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Cancer Medicine},
  number    = {8},
  doi       = {10.1002/cam4.741},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-164799},
  pages     = {1765-1775},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) are characterized by mutations and subsequent inactivation of SMARCB1 (INI1, hSNF5), a predilection for very young children and an unfavorable outcome. The European Registry for rhabdoid tumors (EU-RHAB) was established to generate a common European database and to establish a standardized treatment regimen as the basis for phase I/II trials. Thus, genetic analyses, neuropathologic and radiologic diagnoses, and a consensus treatment regimen were prospectively evaluated. From 2005 to 2009, 31 patients with AT/RT from four countries were recruited into the registry study Rhabdoid 2007 and treated with systemic and intraventricular chemotherapy. Eight patients received high-dose chemotherapy, 23 radiotherapy, and 17 maintenance therapy. Reference evaluations were performed in 64\% (genetic analyses, FISH, MLPA, sequencing) up to 97\% (neuropathology, INI1 stain). Germ-line mutations (GLM) were detected in 6/21 patients. Prolonged overall survival was associated with age above 3 years, radiotherapy and achievement of a complete remission. 6-year overall and event-free survival rates were 46\% (±0.10) and 45\% (±0.09), respectively. Serious adverse events and one treatment-related death due to insufficiency of a ventriculo peritoneal shunt (VP-shunt) and consecutive herniation were noted. Acquisition of standardized data including reference diagnosis and a standard treatment schedule improved data quality along with a survival benefit. Treatment was feasible with significant but manageable toxicity. Although our analysis is biased due to heterogeneous adherence to therapy, EU-RHAB provides the best available basis for phase I/II clinical trials.},
  language  = {en}
}