@article{KolominskyRabasWiedmannWeingaertneretal.2015,
  author    = {Kolominsky-Rabas, Peter L. and Wiedmann, Silke and Weing{\"a}rtner, Michael and Liman, Thomas G. and Endres, Matthias and Schwab, Stefan and Buchfelder, Michael and Heuschmann, Peter U.},
  title     = {Time Trends in Incidence of Pathological and Etiological Stroke Subtypes during 16 Years: The Erlangen Stroke Project},
  series = {Neuroepidemiology},
  volume    = {44},
  journal   = {Neuroepidemiology},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {0251-5350},
  doi       = {10.1159/000371353},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196503},
  pages     = {24-29},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Background: Population-based data, which continuously monitors time trends in stroke epidemiology are limited. We investigated the incidence of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes over a 16 year time period. Methods: Data were collected within the Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro), a prospective, population-based stroke register in Germany covering a total study population of 105,164 inhabitants (2010). Etiology of ischemic stroke was classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. Results: Between January 1995 and December 2010, 3,243 patients with first-ever stroke were documented. The median age was 75 and 55\% were females. The total stroke incidence decreased over the 16 year study period in men (Incidence Rate Ratio 1995-1996 vs. 2009-2010 (IRR) 0.78; 95\% CI 0.58-0.90) but not in women. Among stroke subtypes, a decrease in ischemic stroke incidence (IRR 0.73; 95\% CI 0.57-0.93) and of large artery atherosclerotic stroke (IRR 0.27; 95\% CI 0.12-0.59) was found in men and an increase of stroke due to small artery occlusion in women (IRR 2.33; 95\% CI 1.39-3.90). Conclusions: Variations in time trends of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes were found between men and women that might be linked to gender differences in the development of major vascular risk factors in the study population.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScheitzLimBroersenetal.2021,
  author    = {Scheitz, Jan F. and Lim, Jess and Broersen, Leonie H. A. and Ganeshan, Ramanan and Huo, Shufan and Sperber, Pia S. and Piper, Sophie K. and Heuschmann, Peter U. and Audebert, Heinrich J. and Nolte, Christian H. and Siegerink, Bob and Endres, Matthias and Liman, Thomas G.},
  title     = {High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T and Recurrent Vascular Events After First Ischemic Stroke},
  series = {Journal of the American Heart Association},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Journal of the American Heart Association},
  number    = {10},
  doi       = {10.1161/JAHA.120.018326},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-239039},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Background Recent evidence suggests cardiac troponin levels to be a marker of increased vascular risk. We aimed to assess whether levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) are associated with recurrent vascular events and death in patients with first-ever, mild to moderate ischemic stroke. Methods and Results We used data from the PROSCIS-B (Prospective Cohort With Incident Stroke Berlin) study. We computed Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to assess the association between hs-cTnT levels upon study entry (Roche Elecsys, upper reference limit, 14 ng/L) and the primary outcome (composite of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death). A total of 562 patients were analyzed (mean age, 67 years [SD 13]; 38.6\% women; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale=2; hs-cTnT above upper reference limit, 39.2\%). During a mean follow-up of 3 years, the primary outcome occurred in 89 patients (15.8\%), including 40 (7.1\%) recurrent strokes, 4 (0.7\%) myocardial infarctions, and 51 (9.1\%) events of all-cause death. The primary outcome occurred more often in patients with hs-cTnT above the upper reference limit (27.3\% versus 10.2\%; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.0; 95\% CI, 1.3-3.3), with a dose-response relationship when the highest and lowest hs-cTnT quartiles were compared (15.2 versus 1.8 events per 100 person-years; adjusted hazard ratio, 4.8; 95\% CI, 1.9-11.8). This association remained consistent in sensitivity analyses, which included age matching and stratification for sex. Conclusions Hs-cTnT is dose-dependently associated with an increased risk of recurrent vascular events and death within 3 years after first-ever, mild to moderate ischemic stroke. These findings support further studies of the utility of hs-cTnT for individualized risk stratification after stroke.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RohmannHuoSperberetal.2020,
  author    = {Rohmann, Jessica L. and Huo, Shufan and Sperber, Pia S. and Piper, Sophie K. and Rosendaal, Frits R. and Heuschmann, Peter U. and Endres, Matthias and Liman, Thomas G. and Siegerink, Bob},
  title     = {Coagulation factor XII, XI, and VIII activity levels and secondary events after first ischemic stroke},
  series = {Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis},
  number    = {12},
  doi       = {10.1111/jth.15092},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-217877},
  pages     = {3316 -- 3324},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background Though risk for recurrent vascular events is high following ischemic stroke, little knowledge about risk factors for secondary events post-stroke exists. Objectives Coagulation factors XII, XI, and VIII (FXII, FXI, and FVIII) have been implicated in first thrombotic events, and our aim was to estimate their effects on vascular outcomes within 3 years after first stroke. Patients/Methods In the Prospective Cohort with Incident Stroke Berlin (PROSCIS-B) study, we followed participants aged 18 and older for 3 years after first mild to moderate ischemic stroke event or until occurrence of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, or all-cause mortality. We compared high coagulation factor activity levels to normal and low levels and also analyzed activities as continuous variables. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the combined endpoint. Results In total, 94 events occurred in 576 included participants, resulting in an absolute rate of 6.6 events per 100 person-years. After confounding adjustment, high FVIII activity showed the strongest relationship with the combined endpoint (HR = 2.05, 95\% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-3.29). High FXI activity was also associated with a higher hazard (HR = 1.80, 95\% CI 1.09-2.98), though high FXII activity was not (HR = 0.86, 95\% CI 0.49-1.51). Continuous analyses yielded similar results. Conclusions In our study of mild to moderate ischemic stroke patients, high activity levels of FXI and FVIII but not FXII were associated with worse vascular outcomes in the 3-year period after first ischemic stroke.},
  language  = {en}
}