@article{BoelchStreckPlumhoffetal.2020, author = {Boelch, Sebastian Philipp and Streck, Laura Elisa and Plumhoff, Piet and Konrads, Christian and Gohlke, Frank and Rueckl, Kilian}, title = {Infection control and outcome of staged reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the management of shoulder infections}, series = {JSES International}, volume = {4}, journal = {JSES International}, doi = {10.1016/j.jseint.2020.08.012}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230620}, pages = {959-963}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background The treatment of septic arthritis, caused by either hematogenous seeding, injections, or surgery, can be challenging. Staged reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) with temporary implantation of an antibiotic-loaded spacer is widely accepted but still discussed controversially. This study investigated the shoulder-specific bacterial spectrum, infection control rate, functional outcome, and infection-free survival rate after staged RSA in the mid- to long-term follow-up. It was hypothesized that staged RSA would show a high infection-free survival rate. Methods A total of 39 patients treated with staged RSA for primary septic arthritis (n = 8), secondary infection (n = 8), or periprosthetic infection (n = 23) were retrospectively included. The infection control rate was calculated based on cultures taken intraoperatively at spacer removal and RSA implantation. Infection-free survival was defined as no revision due to infection. The minimum follow-up period for functional outcome assessment was 2 years (n = 14; mean, 76 months; range, 31-128 months). Results Cutibacterium (26\%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (23\%) were the predominant pathogens. The infection control rate was 90\%. The cumulative infection-free survival rate was 91\% after 128 months. Follow-up examinations showed a mean Constant score of 48 (range, 7-85), a mean QuickDASH (short version of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire) score of 40.0 (range, 11.4-93.3), and a mean pain score of 1.6 (range, 0-7). Conclusion Staged RSA implantation was confirmed to be a reliable treatment option for primary, secondary, and periprosthetic infections of the shoulder. The infection control rate and infection-free survival rate are satisfactory. However, patients and surgeons must be aware of functional impairment even after successful treatment of infections.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissenbergerWeissenbergerWagenbrenneretal.2020, author = {Weissenberger, Manuel and Weissenberger, Manuela H. and Wagenbrenner, Mike and Heinz, Tizian and Reboredo, Jenny and Holzapfel, Boris M. and Rudert, Maximilian and Groll, J{\"u}rgen and Evans, Christopher H. and Steinert, Andre F.}, title = {Different types of cartilage neotissue fabricated from collagen hydrogels and mesenchymal stromal cells via SOX9, TGFB1 or BMP2 gene transfer}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {15}, journal = {PLoS One}, number = {8}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0237479}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230494}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Objective As native cartilage consists of different phenotypical zones, this study aims to fabricate different types of neocartilage constructs from collagen hydrogels and human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) genetically modified to express different chondrogenic factors. Design Human MSCs derived from bone-marrow of osteoarthritis (OA) hips were genetically modified using adenoviral vectors encoding sex-determining region Y-type high-mobility-group-box (SOX)9,transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) 1or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2cDNA, placed in type I collagen hydrogels and maintained in serum-free chondrogenic media for three weeks. Control constructs contained unmodified MSCs or MSCs expressing GFP. The respective constructs were analyzed histologically, immunohistochemically, biochemically, and by qRT-PCR for chondrogenesis and hypertrophy. Results Chondrogenesis in MSCs was consistently and strongly induced in collagen I hydrogels by the transgenesSOX9,TGFB1andBMP2as evidenced by positive staining for proteoglycans, chondroitin-4-sulfate (CS4) and collagen (COL) type II, increased levels of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, and expression of mRNAs associated with chondrogenesis. The control groups were entirely non-chondrogenic. The levels of hypertrophy, as judged by expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and COL X on both the protein and mRNA levels revealed different stages of hypertrophy within the chondrogenic groups (BMP2>TGFB1>SOX9). Conclusions Different types of neocartilage with varying levels of hypertrophy could be generated from human MSCs in collagen hydrogels by transfer of genes encoding the chondrogenic factorsSOX9,TGFB1andBMP2. This technology may be harnessed for regeneration of specific zones of native cartilage upon damage.}, language = {en} } @article{BoelchRueecklStrecketal.2021, author = {Boelch, Sebastian Philipp and R{\"u}eckl, Kilian and Streck, Laura Elisa and Szewczykowski, Viktoria and Weißenberger, Manuel and Jakuscheit, Axel and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {Diagnosis of chronic infection at total hip arthroplasty revision is a question of definition}, series = {Biomed Research International}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Biomed Research International}, doi = {10.1155/2021/8442435}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265762}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Purpose. Contradicting definitions of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) are in use. Joint aspiration is performed before total hip arthroplasty (THA) revision. This study investigated the influence of PJI definition on PJI prevalence at THA revision. Test quality of prerevision aspiration was evaluated for the different PJI definitions. Methods. 256 THA revisions were retrospectively classified to be infected or not infected. Classification was performed according to the 4 different definitions proposed by the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the International Consensus Meeting (ICM), and the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS). Only chronic PJIs were included. Results. PJI prevalence at revision significantly correlated with the applied PJI definition (p=0.01, Cramer's V=0.093). PJI prevalence was 20.7\% for the MSIS, 25.4\% for the ICM, 28.1\% for the IDSA, and 32.0\% for the EBJIS definition. For synovial fluid white blood cell count, the best ROC-AUC for predicting PJI was 0.953 in combination with the MSIS definition. Conclusion. PJI definition significantly influences the rate of diagnosed PJIs at THA revision. Synovial fluid white blood cell count is a reliable means to rule out PJI. In cases with a borderline high synovial white blood cell count before THA revision as the only sign of chronic PJI, an extended diagnostic work-up should be considered.}, language = {en} } @article{StratosScarlatRudert2021, author = {Stratos, Ioannis and Scarlat, Marius M. and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {Bibliometrics of orthopaedic articles published by authors of Germanophone countries}, series = {International Orthopaedics}, volume = {45}, journal = {International Orthopaedics}, number = {5}, doi = {10.1007/s00264-021-05052-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-266343}, pages = {1121-1124}, year = {2021}, abstract = {No abstract available.}, language = {en} } @article{PereiraTrivanovićHerrmann2019, author = {Pereira, A. R. and Trivanović, D. and Herrmann, M.}, title = {Approaches to mimic the complexity of the skeletal mesenchymal stem/stromal cell niche in vitro}, series = {European Cells and Materials}, volume = {37}, journal = {European Cells and Materials}, issn = {1473-2262}, doi = {10.22203/eCM.v037a07}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-268823}, pages = {88-112}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are an essential element of most modern tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches due to their multipotency and immunoregulatory functions. Despite the prospective value of MSCs for the clinics, the stem cells community is questioning their developmental origin, in vivo localization, identification, and regenerative potential after several years of far-reaching research in the field. Although several major progresses have been made in mimicking the complexity of the MSC niche in vitro, there is need for comprehensive studies of fundamental mechanisms triggered by microenvironmental cues before moving to regenerative medicine cell therapy applications. The present comprehensive review extensively discusses the microenvironmental cues that influence MSC phenotype and function in health and disease - including cellular, chemical and physical interactions. The most recent and relevant illustrative examples of novel bioengineering approaches to mimic biological, chemical, and mechanical microenvironmental signals present in the native MSC niche are summarized, with special emphasis on the forefront techniques to achieve bio-chemical complexity and dynamic cultures. In particular, the skeletal MSC niche and applications focusing on the bone regenerative potential of MSC are addressed. The aim of the review was to recognize the limitations of the current MSC niche in vitro models and to identify potential opportunities to fill the bridge between fundamental science and clinical application of MSCs.}, language = {en} } @article{SteinertSchroederSefrinetal.2022, author = {Steinert, Andre F. and Schr{\"o}der, Lennart and Sefrin, Lukas and Janßen, Bj{\"o}rn and Arnholdt, J{\"o}rg and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {The impact of total knee replacement with a customized cruciate-retaining implant design on patient-reported and functional outcomes}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {2}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12020194}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-312746}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Purpose: To treat patients with tricompartimental knee osteoarthritis (OA), a customized cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (CCR-TKA) system can be used, including both individualized instrumentation and implants. The objective of this monocentric cohort study was to analyze patient-reported and functional outcomes in a series of patients implanted with the second generation of this customized implant. Methods: At our arthroplasty center, we prospectively recruited a cohort of patients with tricompartmental gonarthrosis to be treated with total knee replacement (TKA) using a customized cruciate-retaining (CCR) implant design. Inclusion criteria for patients comprised the presence of intact posterior cruciate and collateral ligaments and a knee deformity that was restricted to <15° varus, valgus, or flexion contracture. Patients were assessed for their range of motion (ROM), Knee Society Score (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index (WOMAC), and short form (SF)-12 physical and mental scores, preoperatively, at 3 and 6 months, as well as at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years of follow-up (FU) postoperatively. Results: The average age of the patient population was 64 years (range: 40-81), the average BMI was 31 (range: 23-42), and in total, 28 female and 45 male patients were included. Implant survivorship was 97.5\% (one septic loosening) at an average follow-up of 2.5 years. The KSS knee and function scores improved significantly (p < 0.001) from, respectively, 41 and 53 at the pre-operative visit, to 92 and 86, respectively, at the 5-year post-operative time point. The SF-12 Physical and Mental scores significantly (p < 0.001) improved from the pre-operative values of 28 and 50, to 50 and 53 at the 5-year FU, respectively. Patients experienced significant improvements in their overall knee range of motion, from 106° at the preoperative visit to 122°, on average, 5 years postoperatively. The total WOMAC score significantly (p < 0.001) improved from 49.1 preoperatively to 11.4 postoperatively at 5-year FU. Conclusions: Although there was no comparison to other implants within this study, patients reported high overall satisfaction and improvement in functional outcomes within the first year from surgery, which continued over the following years. These mid-term results are excellent compared with those reported in the current literature. Comparative long-term studies with this device are needed. Level of evidence 3b (individual case-control study).}, language = {en} } @article{MagesShojaaKohletal.2021, author = {Mages, Michelle and Shojaa, Mahdieh and Kohl, Matthias and Stengel, Simon von and Becker, Clemens and Gosch, Markus and Jakob, Franz and Kerschan-Schindl, Katharina and Kladny, Bernd and Kl{\"o}ckner, Nicole and Lange, Uwe and Middeldorf, Stefan and Peters, Stefan and Schoene, Daniel and Sieber, Cornel C. and Tholen, Reina and Thomasius, Friederike E. and Uder, Michael and Kemmler, Wolfgang}, title = {Exercise effects on Bone Mineral Density in men}, series = {Nutrients}, volume = {13}, journal = {Nutrients}, number = {12}, issn = {2072-6643}, doi = {10.3390/nu13124244}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250247}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In contrast to postmenopausal women, evidence for a favorable effect of exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is still limited for men. This might be due to the paucity of studies, but also to the great variety of participants and study characteristics that may dilute study results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise on BMD changes with rational eligibility criteria. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases up to 15 March 2021 was conducted. Briefly, controlled trials ≥6 months that determined changes in areal BMD in men >18 years old, with no apparent diseases or pharmacological therapy that relevantly affect bone metabolism, were included. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) were considered as outcomes. Twelve studies with 16 exercise and 12 control groups were identified. The pooled estimate of random-effect analysis was SMD = 0.38, 95\%-CI: 0.14-0.61 and SMD = 0.25, 95\%-CI: 0.00-0.49, for LS and FN, respectively. Heterogeneity between the trials was low-moderate. Funnel plots and rank and regression correlation tests indicate evidence for small study publication bias for LS but not FN-BMD. Subgroup analyses that focus on study length, type of exercise and methodologic quality revealed no significant difference between each of the three categories. In summary, we provided further evidence for a low but significant effect of exercise on BMD in men. However, we are currently unable to give even rough exercise recommendations for male cohorts.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissenbergerHeinzRueckletal.2020, author = {Weissenberger, Manuel and Heinz, Tizian and Rueckl, Kilian and Rudert, Maximilian and Klug, Alexander and Hoffmann, Reinhard and Schmidt-Horloh{\´e}, Kay}, title = {No functional differences in anatomic reconstruction with one vs. two suture anchors after non-simultaneous bilateral distal biceps brachii tendon rupture: a case report and review of the literature}, series = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, volume = {21}, journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, doi = {10.1186/s12891-020-03304-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-229266}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background Surgical reattachment of the tendon is still the gold standard for ruptures of the distal biceps brachii tendon. Several fixation techniques have been described in the literature, with suture anchors being one of the most common fixation techniques. Currently, there is no data available on how many anchors are required for a safe and stable refixation. In this case report clinical data of a patient with non-simultaneous bilateral distal biceps tendon ruptures treated with a different number of suture anchors for each side (one vs. two) are demonstrated. Case presentation A 47-year-old factory worker suffered a rupture of the distal biceps tendon on both arms following two different occasions. The left side was fixed using a single suture anchor, while refixation on the right side was performed with two anchors. The patient was prospectively followed for one year. Functional outcome was assessed using the Andrews Carson Score (ACS), the Oxford Elbow Score (OES), and the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score after six, twelve, 24 and 48 weeks. Furthermore, an isokinetic strength measurement for flexion strength was performed after 24 and 48 weeks. After 48 weeks the patient presented with excellent functional outcome scores and no follow-up complications. During the follow-up period, no differences in the functional scores nor in the isokinetic flexion strength measurement could be detected. Furthermore, no radiological complications (like heterotopic ossifications) could be detected in the postoperative radiographs after one year. Conclusions Anatomic reattachment of the distal biceps tendon is a successful operative treatment option for distal biceps tendon ruptures. Suture anchor fixation remains one of the most common techniques, as it allows fast surgery and provides good results with respect to range of motion (ROM) and functional scoring according to the current literature. However, the number of anchors required for a stable fixation remains unclear. As indicated by our presented case, we hypothesize, that there are no significant differences between a one-point or a two-point fixation. In the presented case report, no intraindividual differences between the usage of one versus two suture anchors were evident in the short-term follow-up.}, language = {en} } @article{EidmannEwaldBoelchetal.2021, author = {Eidmann, Annette and Ewald, Andrea and Boelch, Sebastian P. and Rudert, Maximilian and Holzapfel, Boris M. and Stratos, Ioannis}, title = {In vitro evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of vancomycin-loaded suture tapes and cerclage wires}, series = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine}, volume = {32}, journal = {Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine}, number = {4}, doi = {10.1007/s10856-021-06513-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-260089}, pages = {42}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Usage of implants containing antibiotic agents has been a common strategy to prevent implant related infections in orthopedic surgery. Unfortunately, most implants with microbial repellent properties are characterized by accessibility limitations during daily clinical practice. Aim of this in vitro study was to investigate whether suture tapes and cerclage wires, which were treated with vancomycin, show a sustainable antibacterial activity. For this purpose, we used 24 stainless steel wire cerclages and 24 ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and polyester suture tape test bodies. The test bodies were incubated for 30 min. in 100 mg/ml vancomycin solution or equivalent volumes of 0.9\% NaCl. After measuring the initial solution uptake of the test bodies, antibacterial efficacy via agar diffusion test with Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin elution tests were performed 1, 2, 3, and 6 days after incubation. Vancomycin-loaded tapes as well as vancomycin-loaded cerclage wires demonstrated increased bacterial growth inhibition when compared to NaCl-treated controls. Vancomycin-loaded tapes showed an additional twofold and eightfold increase of bacterial growth inhibition compared to vancomycin-loaded wires at day 1 and 2, respectively. Elution tests at day 1 revealed high levels of vancomycin concentration in vancomycin loaded tapes and wires. Additionally, the concentration in vancomycin loaded tapes was 14-fold higher when compared to vancomycin loaded wires. Incubating suture tapes and cerclage wires in vancomycin solution showed a good short-term antibacterial activity compared to controls. Considering the ease of vancomycin application on suture tapes or wires, our method could represent an attractive therapeutic strategy in biofilm prevention in orthopedic surgery.}, language = {en} } @article{GraserLiedtkeJakob2021, author = {Graser, Stephanie and Liedtke, Daniel and Jakob, Franz}, title = {TNAP as a new player in chronic inflammatory conditions and metabolism}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {2}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms22020919}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-258888}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This review summarizes important information on the ectoenzyme tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and gives a brief insight into the symptoms, diagnostics, and treatment of the rare disease Hypophosphatasia (HPP), which is resulting from mutations in the TNAP encoding ALPL gene. We emphasize the role of TNAP beyond its well-known contribution to mineralization processes. Therefore, above all, the impact of the enzyme on central molecular processes in the nervous system and on inflammation is presented here.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{George2023, author = {George, Enrico}, title = {Tempor{\"a}re Hemiepiphyseodese bei idiopathischen Beinachsenfehlstellungen - klinische und radiologische Gegen{\"u}berstellung der VaWiKo® EPI-PLATTE und PediatrOS™ FlexTack™ - eine retrospektive Studie}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32733}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-327338}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Beinachsenfehlstellungen im Kindesalter z{\"a}hlen zu den h{\"a}ufigsten Wachstums- und Entwicklungsst{\"o}rungen der unteren Extremit{\"a}ten. Eine daraus resultierende Pr{\"a}disposition f{\"u}r degenerative Erkrankungen begr{\"u}ndet die Bedeutung der operativen Korrektur bei noch ge{\"o}ffneten Wachstumsfugen mittels tempor{\"a}rer Hemiepiphyseodese. Zur Beurteilung des Therapieerfolges wurden insgesamt 140 Beinachsen mit idiopathischen Achsfehlstellungen retrospektiv betrachtet. In den Jahren 2017 bis 2021 wurden mit der VaWiKo® EPI-PLATTE und der PediatrOS™ FlexTack™ zwei unterschiedliche Implantate zur tempor{\"a}ren Hemiepiphyseodese in der kinderorthop{\"a}dischen Klinik des Marienstift Arnstadt verwendet. Entsprechend der verwendeten Implantate erfolgte die Einteilung in zwei Patientengruppen, die sowohl klinisch als auch radiologisch jeweils pr{\"a}- und postoperativ gegen{\"u}bergestellt wurden. Bei Patienten/-innen mit einer Beinachsenkorrektur durch die VaWiKo® EPI-PLATTE ergab sich durchschnittlich eine signifikant k{\"u}rzere Explantationsdauer (EP 26,05 min; FT 35,60 min) sowie eine k{\"u}rzere Durchleuchtungszeit in Winkelminuten (EP 0,03; FT 0,07) im Rahmen der Explantation. Dem gegen{\"u}ber steht die signifikant k{\"u}rzere station{\"a}re Aufenthaltsdauer in Tagen bei der Im- und Explantation der PediatrOS™ FlexTack™. (EP 5,43/ 3,73; FT 4,52/ 3,35). In Bezug auf die zur Wachstumskorrektur ben{\"o}tigten Zeit in Tagen resultiert in der Varus-Gruppe ein signifikanter Unterschied zugunsten der PediatrOS™ FlexTack™, (EP 517; FT 299) wohingegen sich in der Valgus-Gruppe kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen beiden Implantaten zeigte (EP 343; FT 334). Zusammenfassend traten zwei Komplikationen auf, die jeweils Kinder aus der PediatrOS™ FlexTack™-Gruppe betrafen. Sowohl die PediatrOS™ FlexTack™ als auch die VaWiKo® EPI-PLATTE konnten die gew{\"u}nschte Beinachsenkorrektur erzielen. Die in der Literatur mit der PediatrOS™ FlexTack™ in Verbindung gebrachten k{\"u}rzeren Implantations- und Durchleuchtungszeiten sowie die k{\"u}rzeren Therapiedauern des Genu valgum konnten im Vergleich zur VaWiKo® EPI-PLATTE nicht best{\"a}tigt werden.}, subject = {Epiphyseodese}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Reck2023, author = {Reck, Alexander Reiner}, title = {Die operative Korrektur der Madelung'schen Deformit{\"a}t}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32660}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-326604}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Im Rahmen dieser retrospektiven Studie zur Madelung-Deformit{\"a}t wurden 23 H{\"a}nde von 16 Patienten, welche in einem Zeitraum von 17,5 Jahren mit einer Radiuskorrekturosteotomie (RKO) oder eine Physiolyse mit Vickers-Band-Entfernung (PHY) behandelt wurden, nachuntersucht und bez{\"u}glich des OP-Outcomes verglichen. Die Gruppe RKO umfasste 14 H{\"a}nde mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 22 Jahren und einer durchschnittlichen Follow-Up-Zeitraum von 7 Jahren. Die Gruppe PHY bestand aus 9 H{\"a}nden mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 13 Jahren und einem mittleren Follow-Up-Zeitraum von 5 Jahren. In unserem Kollektiv konnte die Radiuskorrektur eine Verbesserung bez{\"u}glich der Schmerzen, des subjektiven Gesundheitsstatus, der Beweglichkeit und der radiologischen Auspr{\"a}gung der Deformit{\"a}t herbeif{\"u}hren. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse st{\"u}tzen damit die aus der bisherigen Literatur ableitbare Vermutung, dass dieses Verfahren zur Therapie der Madelung-Deformit{\"a}t geeignet ist. Die Physiolyse mit Vickers-Band-Entfernung konnte die Progredienz der Erkrankung in unserer Stichprobe nicht suffizient aufhalten, wie es anhand der bisherigen Literatur allerdings zu erwarten gewesen w{\"a}re. Infolgedessen kam es in der Gruppe PHY zu einer Zunahme der Schmerzen und der Auspr{\"a}gung der Deformit{\"a}t sowie einer Verschlechterung des Gesundheitsstatus. Der Grund hierf{\"u}r lag wahrscheinlich im, verglichen mit der bisherigen Literatur, relativ hohen Durchschnittsalter der Gruppe. Es l{\"a}sst sich schlussfolgern, dass die Physiolyse mit Vickers-Band-Entfernung ihre Wirkung vor allem im Kindesalter voll entfaltet. Im Einklang mit der bisherigen Literatur konnte keine Korrelation zwischen den aktuellen radiologischen und klinischen Befunden beobachtet werden. Jedoch zeigte sich ein augenscheinlicher Zusammenhang zwischen der Ver{\"a}nderung der radiologischen Parameter und der Ver{\"a}nderung des klinischen Befindens, was einen Nutzen der McCarroll-Parameter im Rahmen der OP-Planung nahelegt.}, subject = {Handdeformit{\"a}t}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{PaulusverhRehling2023, author = {Paulus [verh. Rehling], Sofia}, title = {CRISPR/Cas9-basierte Etablierung Alkalischer Phosphatase-defizienter odontogener Zelllinien zur Analyse der dentalen Aspekte der Hypophosphatasie}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-24349}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-243491}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Hypophosphatasie (HPP) ist eine seltene Erberkrankung, welche durch compound-heterozygote oder dominant negative heterozygote Mutationen des ALPL Gens zu einem Funktionsverlust der gewebeunspezifischen Alkalischen Phosphatase (TNAP) f{\"u}hrt. Die daraus resultierenden Mineralisierungsst{\"o}rungen betreffen sowohl den Knochen als auch in milderen Auspr{\"a}gungsformen die Z{\"a}hne und den Zahnhalteapparat. Das zahnmedizinische Leitsymptom und in vielen F{\"a}llen das erste Anzeichen der HPP ist dabei der vorzeitige Verlust der Milchz{\"a}hne ohne physiologische Wurzelresorption. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden verschiedene TNAP defiziente immortalisierte Zellen des parodontalen Ligaments (PDL) mittels der CRISPR/Cas9 Methode generiert und anschließend f{\"u}nf Zelllinien charakterisiert. Die dabei entstandenen Mutationen variierten von einer moderaten heterozygoten Punktmutation zu einer schwerwiegenden homozygoten Deletion eines einzelnen Nukleotids, welche in einem vorzeitigen Stopcodon resultierte. Analysen der ALPL Expression (qPCR), TNAP Aktivit{\"a}tsmessungen (CSPD Assay) und TNAP F{\"a}rbungen zeigten einen signifikanten R{\"u}ckgang in allen TNAP-defizienten Zelllinien mit einer starken Korrelation zwischen der Restaktivit{\"a}t und dem Ausmaß der Mutation, welche in Einklang mit der komplexen Genotyp-Ph{\"a}notyp Korrelation bei HPP zu bringen ist. Das Potential der osteogenen Differenzierung der hTERT PDL Zellen wurde in der homozygot mutierten Zelllinie komplett unterdr{\"u}ckt. M{\"o}gliche Mechanismen des vorzeitigen Zahnverlustes bei HPP Patienten ist die geminderte Formation und Mineralisation des Wurzelzements und die fehlerhafte Insertion der parodontalen Fasern. Die hier erstmalig etablierten Zellkulturmodelle liefern ein valides spenderunabh{\"a}ngiges in vitro Modell der HPP, welches dazu beitragen kann, die molekularbiologischen Zusammenh{\"a}nge der dentalen Aspekte der Hypophosphatasie zu ergr{\"u}nden und daraus gegebenenfalls neue Therapieans{\"a}tze abzuleiten.}, subject = {Hypophosphatasie}, language = {de} } @article{ArmbrusterKriegWeissenbergeretal.2017, author = {Armbruster, Nicole and Krieg, Jennifer and Weißenberger, Manuel and Scheller, Carsten and Steinert, Andre F.}, title = {Rescued Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Interleukin 1 Challenge by Foamyviral Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Gene Transfer}, series = {Frontiers in Pharmacology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Pharmacology}, number = {255}, doi = {10.3389/fphar.2017.00255}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-170919}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their chondrogenic differentiation have been extensively investigated in vitro as MSCs provide an attractive source besides chondrocytes for cartilage repair therapies. Here we established prototype foamyviral vectors (FVV) that are derived from apathogenic parent viruses and are characterized by a broad host range and a favorable integration pattern into the cellular genome. As the inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) is frequently present in diseased joints, the protective effects of FVV expressing the human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein (IL1RA) were studied in an established in vitro model (aggregate culture system) of chondrogenesis in the presence of IL1β. Materials and Methods: We generated different recombinant FVVs encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or IL1RA and examined their transduction efficiencies and transgene expression profiles using different cell lines and human primary MSCs derived from bone marrow-aspirates. Transgene expression was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy (EGFP), flow cytometry (EGFP), and ELISA (IL1RA). For evaluation of the functionality of the IL1RA transgene to block the inhibitory effects of IL1β on chondrogenesis of primary MSCs and an immortalized MSC cell line (TERT4 cells), the cells were maintained following transduction as aggregate cultures in standard chondrogenic media in the presence or absence of IL1β. After 3 weeks of culture, pellets were harvested and analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry for chondrogenic phenotypes. Results: The different FVV efficiently transduced cell lines as well as primary MSCs, thereby reaching high transgene expression levels in 6-well plates with levels of around 100 ng/ml IL1RA. MSC aggregate cultures which were maintained in chondrogenic media without IL1β supplementation revealed a chondrogenic phenotype by means of strong positive staining for collagen type II and matrix proteoglycan (Alcian blue). Addition of IL1β was inhibitory to chondrogenesis in untreated control pellets. In contrast, foamyviral mediated IL1RA expression rescued the chondrogenesis in pellets cultured in the presence of IL1β. Transduced MSC pellets reached thereby very high IL1RA transgene expression levels with a peak of 1087 ng/ml after day 7, followed by a decrease to 194 ng/ml after day 21, while IL1RA concentrations of controls were permanently below 200 pg/ml. Conclusion: Our results indicate that FVV are capable of efficient gene transfer to MSCs, while reaching IL1RA transgene expression levels, that were able to efficiently block the impacts of IL1β in vitro. FVV merit further investigation as a means to study the potential as a gene transfer tool for MSC based therapies for cartilage repair.}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerDeubertSeefriedKrugetal.2017, author = {M{\"u}ller-Deubert, Sigrid and Seefried, Lothar and Krug, Melanie and Jakob, Franz and Ebert, Regina}, title = {Epidermal growth factor as a mechanosensitizer in human bone marrow stromal cells}, series = {Stem Cell Research}, volume = {24}, journal = {Stem Cell Research}, doi = {10.1016/j.scr.2017.08.012}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-170247}, pages = {69-76}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Epidermal growth factors (EGFs) e.g. EGF, heparin-binding EGF and transforming growth factor alpha and their receptors e.g. EGFR and ErbB2 control proinflammatory signaling and modulate proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). Interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 are EGF targets and participate in the inflammatory phase of bone regeneration via non-canonical wnt signaling. BMSC differentiation is also influenced by mechanical strain-related activation of ERK1/2 and AP-1, but the role of EGFR signaling in mechanotransduction is unclear. We investigated the effects of EGFR signaling in telomerase-immortalized BMSC, transfected with a luciferase reporter, comprising a mechanoresponsive AP1 element, using ligands, neutralizing antibodies and EGFR inhibitors on mechanotransduction and we found that EGF via EGFR increased the response to mechanical strain. Results were confirmed by qPCR analysis of mechanoresponsive genes. EGF-responsive interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 were synergistically enhanced by EGF stimulation and mechanical strain. We show here in immortalized and primary BMSC that EGFR signaling enhances mechanotransduction, indicating that the EGF system is a mechanosensitizer in BMSC. Alterations in mechanosensitivity and -adaptation are contributors to age-related diseases like osteoporosis and the identification of a suitable mechanosensitizer could be beneficial. The role of the synergism of these signaling cascades in physiology and disease remains to be unraveled.}, language = {en} } @article{ReichertvonRottkayRothetal.2018, author = {Reichert, Johannes C. and von Rottkay, Eberhard and Roth, Franz and Renz, Tim and Hausmann, Johannes and Kranz, Julius and Rackwitz, Lars and N{\"o}th, Ulrich and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {A prospective randomized comparison of the minimally invasive direct anterior and the transgluteal approach for primary total hip arthroplasty}, series = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, volume = {19}, journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders}, number = {241}, doi = {10.1186/s12891-018-2133-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176072}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Background: The presented prospective randomized controlled single-centre study compares the clinical outcome up to 12 months after total hip arthroplasty using a minimally invasive single-incision direct anterior (DAA) and a direct transgluteal lateral approach. Methods: A total of 123 arthroplasties were evaluated utilizing the Harris Hip Score (HHS), the extra short musculoskeletal functional assessment questionnaire (XSFMA), the Short Form 36 (SF-36) health survey, a Stepwatch™ Activity Monitor (SAM), and a timed 25 m foot walk (T25-FW). Postoperative x-ray images after THA were reviewed to determine inclination and stem positioning. Results: At final follow-up, the XSFMA functional index scores were 10.3 (anterior) and 15.08 (lateral) while the bother index summed up to a score of 15.8 (anterior) and 21.66 (lateral) respectively, thus only differing significantly for the functional index (p = 0.040 and p = 0.056). The SF-36 physical component score (PCS) was 47.49 (anterior) and 42.91 (lateral) while the mental component score (MCS) summed up to 55.0 (anterior) and 56.23 (lateral) with a significant difference evident for the PCS (p = 0.017; p = 0.714). Patients undergoing THA through a DAA undertook a mean of 6402 cycles per day while those who had undergone THA through a transgluteal approach undertook a mean of 5340 cycles per day (p = 0.012). Furthermore, the obtained outcome for the T25-FW with 18.4 s (anterior) and 19.75 s (lateral) and the maximum walking distance (5932 m and 5125 m) differed significantly (p = 0.046 and p = 0.045). The average HHS showed no significant difference equaling 92.4 points in the anterior group and 91.43 in the lateral group (p = 0.477). The radiographic analysis revealed an average cup inclination of 38.6° (anterior) and 40.28° (lateral) without signs of migration. Conclusion: In summary, our outcomes show that after 1 year THA through the direct anterior approach results in a higher patient activity compared to THA utilizing a transgluteal lateral approach while no differences regarding hip function are evident.}, language = {en} } @article{BoelchRothArnholdtetal.2018, author = {Boelch, Sebastian P. and Roth, Magnus and Arnholdt, Joerg and Rudert, Maximilian and Luedemann, Martin}, title = {Synovial fluid aspiration should not be routinely performed during the two-stage exchange of the knee}, series = {BioMed Research International}, volume = {2018}, journal = {BioMed Research International}, number = {6720712}, doi = {10.1155/2018/6720712}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176800}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Purpose. Detection of infection persistence during the two-stage exchange of the knee for periprosthetic joint infection is challenging. Synovial fluid culture (SFC) and synovial white blood cell count (SWBCC) before joint reimplantation are widespread diagnostic means for this indication. The sensitivity and specificity of SFC and of SWBCC for infection persistence before planned reimplantation were evaluated. Methods. 94 two-stage exchanges of the knee with synovial fluid aspiration performed after a drug holiday of at least 14 days and before reimplantation or spacer exchange (planned reimplantation) were retrospectively analyzed. Only cases with at least 3 intraoperative samples at planned reimplantation were included. SFC and SWBCC were compared to pathogen detection (SFC\(_{(culture)}\)/SWBCC\(_{(culture)}\) and to histopathological signs of infection persistence (SFC\(_{(histo)}\)/SWBCC\(_{(histo)}\) from intraoperative samples at planned reimplantation. For SFC, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. For SWBCC, the optimal cut-off value with its sensitivity and specificity was calculated with the Youden-Index. Results. Sensitivity and specificity of SFC\(_{(culture)}\) were 0.0\% and 98.9\%. Sensitivity and specificity of SFC\(_{(histo)}\) were 3.4\% and 100\%. The optimal cut-off value for SWBCC\(_{(culture)}\) was 4450 cells/μl with a sensitivity of 50.0\% and a specificity of 86.5\%. The optimal cut-off value for SWBCC\(_{(histo)}\) was 3250 cells/μl with a sensitivity of 35.7\% and a specificity of 92.9\%. Conclusion. The detection of infection persistence remains challenging and a consented approach is lacking. The results do not warrant the routine performance of SFC during the two-stage exchange at the knee. SWBCC can be used to confirm infection persistence at high cut-offs, but they only occur in few patients and are therefore inappropriate for the routine use.}, language = {en} } @article{BoelchGurokGilbertetal.2021, author = {Boelch, Sebastian P. and Gurok, Anna and Gilbert, Fabian and Weißenberger, Manuel and Rudert, Maximilian and Barthel, Thomas and Reppenhagen, Stephan}, title = {Why compromise the patella? Five-year follow-up results of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with soft tissue patellar fixation}, series = {International Orthopaedics}, volume = {45}, journal = {International Orthopaedics}, issn = {0341-2695}, doi = {10.1007/s00264-020-04922-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235751}, pages = {1493-1500}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Purpose This study investigates the redislocation rate and functional outcome at a minimum follow-up of five years after medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction with soft tissue patellar fixation for patella instability. Methods Patients were retrospectively identified and knees were evaluated for trochlea dysplasia according to Dejour, for presence of patella alta and for presence of cartilage lesion at surgery. At a minimum follow-up of five years, information about an incident of redislocation was obtained. Kujala, Lysholm, and Tegner questionnaires as well as range of motion were used to measure functional outcome. Results Eighty-nine knees were included. Follow-up rate for redislocation was 79.8\% and for functional outcome 58.4\%. After a mean follow-up of 5.8 years, the redislocation rate was 5.6\%. There was significant improvement of the Kujala score (68.8 to 88.2, p = 0.000) and of the Lysholm score (71.3 to 88.4, p = 0.000). Range of motion at follow-up was 149.0° (115-165). 77.5\% of the knees had patella alta and 52.9\% trochlear dysplasia types B, C, or D. Patellar cartilage legions were present in 54.2\%. Redislocations occurred in knees with trochlear dysplasia type C in combination with patella alta. Conclusion MPFL reconstruction with soft tissue patellar fixation leads to significant improvement of knee function and low midterm redislocation rate. Patients with high-grade trochlear dysplasia should be considered for additional osseous correction.}, language = {en} } @article{GenestRakBaetzetal.2021, author = {Genest, Franca and Rak, Dominik and B{\"a}tz, Elisa and Ott, Kerstin and Seefried, Lothar}, title = {Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Screening in Female Osteoporosis Patients — A Cross-Sectional Study}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {10}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {11}, issn = {2077-0383}, doi = {10.3390/jcm10112344}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-239658}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Sarcopenia and malnutrition are important determinants of increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. SARC-F and MNA-SF are well-established questionnaires for identifying patients at risk for these conditions. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and potential added benefit of such assessments as well as the actual prevalence of these conditions in osteoporosis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional, single-center study in female osteoporosis patients ≥ 65 years (SaNSiBaR-study). Results of the sarcopenia (SARC-F) and malnutrition (MNA-SF) screening questionnaires were matched with a functional assessment for sarcopenia and data from patients' medical records. Out of 107 patients included in the analysis, a risk for sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4 points) and a risk for malnutrition (MNA-SF ≤ 11 points) was found in 33 (30.8\%) and 38 (35.5\%) patients, respectively. Diagnostic overlap with coincident indicative findings in both questionnaires was observed in 17 patients (16\%). As compared to the respective not-at-risk groups, the mean short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was significantly reduced in both patients at risk for sarcopenia (7.0 vs. 10.9 points, p < 0.001) and patients at risk for malnutrition (8.7 vs. 10.5 points, p = 0.005). Still, confirmed sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 criteria was present in only 6 (6\%) of all 107 patients, with only 3 of them having an indicative SARC-F score. Bone mineral density was not significantly different in any of the at-risk groups at any site. In summary, applying SARC-F and MNA-SF in osteoporosis patients appears to be a complementary approach to identify individuals with functional deficits.}, language = {en} } @article{LiedertNemitzHaffnerLuntzeretal.2020, author = {Liedert, Astrid and Nemitz, Claudia and Haffner-Luntzer, Melanie and Schick, Fabian and Jakob, Franz and Ignatius, Anita}, title = {Effects of estrogen receptor and Wnt signaling activation on mechanically induced bone formation in a mouse model of postmenopausal bone loss}, series = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, volume = {21}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, number = {21}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms21218301}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-285487}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In the adult skeleton, bone remodeling is required to replace damaged bone and functionally adapt bone mass and structure according to the mechanical requirements. It is regulated by multiple endocrine and paracrine factors, including hormones and growth factors, which interact in a coordinated manner. Because the response of bone to mechanical signals is dependent on functional estrogen receptor (ER) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and is impaired in postmenopausal osteoporosis by estrogen deficiency, it is of paramount importance to elucidate the underlying mechanisms as a basis for the development of new strategies in the treatment of osteoporosis. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the activation of the ligand-dependent ER and the Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathways on mechanically induced bone formation using ovariectomized mice as a model of postmenopausal bone loss. We demonstrated that both pathways interact in the regulation of bone mass adaption in response to mechanical loading and that the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling considerably increased mechanically induced bone formation, whereas the effects of estrogen treatment strictly depended on the estrogen status in the mice.}, language = {en} } @article{NedopilDhaliwalHowelletal.2022, author = {Nedopil, Alexander J. and Dhaliwal, Anand and Howell, Stephen M. and Hull, Maury L.}, title = {A surgeon that switched to unrestricted kinematic alignment with manual instruments has a short learning curve and comparable resection accuracy and outcomes to those of an experienced surgeon}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {7}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12071152}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-281842}, year = {2022}, abstract = {After starting an orthopedic practice, a surgeon with a fellowship in mechanically aligned (MA) TKA initiated this study to characterize their learning curve after they switched to unrestricted kinematic alignment (KA) TKA using manual instruments. Accordingly, the present study determined for the inexperienced (IE) surgeon the number of cases required to achieve consistent femoral resections and operating times, and whether the femoral resection accuracy, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and component alignment were different from an experienced (E) surgeon. This prospective cohort study analyzed the IE surgeon's first 30 TKAs, all performed with KA, and 30 consecutive KA TKAs performed by an E surgeon. The resection accuracy or deviation was the calipered thickness of the distal and posterior medial and lateral femoral resections minus the planned resection thickness, which was the thickness of the corresponding condyle of the femoral component, minus 2 mm for cartilage wear, and 1 mm for the kerf of the blade. Independent observers recorded the femoral resection thickness, operative times, PROMs, and alignment. For each femoral resection, the deviation between three groups of patients containing ten consecutive KA TKAs, was either insignificant (p = 0.695 to 1.000) or within the 0.5 mm resolution of the caliper, which indicated no learning curve. More than three groups were needed to determine the learning curve for the operative time; however, the IE surgeon's procedure dropped to 77 min for the last 10 patients, which was 20 min longer than the E surgeon. The resection deviations of the IE and E surgeon were comparable, except for the posterolateral femoral resection, which the IE surgeon under-resected by a mean of -0.8 mm (p < 0.0001). At a mean follow-up of 9 and 17 months, the Forgotten Joint Score, Oxford Knee Score, KOOS, and the alignment of the components and limbs were not different between the IE and E surgeon (p ≥ 0.6994). A surgeon that switches to unrestricted KA with manual instruments can determine their learning curve by computing the deviation of the distal and posterior femoral resections from the planned resection. Based on the present study, an IE surgeon could have resection accuracy, post-operative patient outcomes, and component alignment comparable to an E surgeon.}, language = {en} } @article{HorasvanHerckMaieretal.2020, author = {Horas, Konstantin and van Herck, Ulrike and Maier, Gerrit S. and Maus, Uwe and Harrasser, Norbert and Jakob, Franz and Weissenberger, Manuel and Arnholdt, J{\"o}rg and Holzapfel, Boris M. and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {Does vitamin D deficiency predict tumour malignancy in patients with bone tumours? Data from a multi-center cohort analysis}, series = {Journal of Bone Oncology}, volume = {25}, journal = {Journal of Bone Oncology}, doi = {10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100329}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230314}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern that is estimated to afflict over one billion people globally. The major role of vitamin D is that of a regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism, thus, being essential for proper bone mineralisation. Concomitantly, vitamin D is known to exert numerous extra-skeletal actions. For example, it has become evident that vitamin D has direct anti-proliferative, pro-differentiation and pro-apoptotic actions on cancer cells. Hence, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased cancer risk and worse prognosis in several malignancies. We have recently demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency promotes secondary cancer growth in bone. These findings were partly attributable to an increase in bone remodelling but also through direct effects of vitamin D on cancer cells. To date, very little is known about vitamin D status of patients with bone tumours in general. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess vitamin D status of patients with diverse bone tumours. Moreover, the aim was to elucidate whether or not there is an association between pre-diagnostic vitamin D status and tumour malignancy in patients with bone tumours. In a multi-center analysis, 25(OH)D, PTH and calcium levels of 225 patients that presented with various bone tumours between 2017 and 2018 were assessed. Collectively, 76\% of all patients had insufficient vitamin D levels with a total mean 25(OH)D level of 21.43 ng/ml (53.58 nmol/L). In particular, 52\% (117/225) of patients were identified as vitamin D deficient and further 24\% of patients (55/225) were vitamin D insufficient. Notably, patients diagnosed with malignant bone tumours had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than patients diagnosed with benign bone tumours [19.3 vs. 22.75 ng/ml (48.25 vs. 56.86 nmol/L); p = 0.04). In conclusion, we found a widespread and distressing rate of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in patients with bone tumours. However, especially for patients with bone tumours sufficient vitamin D levels seem to be of great importance. Thus, we believe that 25(OH)D status should routinely be monitored in these patients. Collectively, there should be an increased awareness for physicians to assess and if necessary correct vitamin D status of patients with bone tumours in general or of those at great risk of developing bone tumours.}, language = {en} } @article{OhlebuschBorstFrankenbachetal.2020, author = {Ohlebusch, Barbara and Borst, Angela and Frankenbach, Tina and Klopocki, Eva and Jakob, Franz and Liedtke, Daniel and Graser, Stephanie}, title = {Investigation of alpl expression and Tnap-activity in zebrafish implies conserved functions during skeletal and neuronal development}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {10}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-70152-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230024}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare genetic disease with diverse symptoms and a heterogeneous severity of onset with underlying mutations in the ALPL gene encoding the ectoenzyme Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Considering the establishment of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a new model organism for HPP, the aim of the study was the spatial and temporal analysis of alpl expression in embryos and adult brains. Additionally, we determined functional consequences of Tnap inhibition on neural and skeletal development in zebrafish. We show that expression of alpl is present during embryonic stages and in adult neuronal tissues. Analyses of enzyme function reveal zones of pronounced Tnap-activity within the telencephalon and the mesencephalon. Treatment of zebrafish embryos with chemical Tnap inhibitors followed by axonal and cartilage/mineralized tissue staining imply functional consequences of Tnap deficiency on neuronal and skeletal development. Based on the results from neuronal and skeletal tissue analyses, which demonstrate an evolutionary conserved role of this enzyme, we consider zebrafish as a promising species for modeling HPP in order to discover new potential therapy strategies in the long-term.}, language = {en} } @article{ReichelRuecklFenwicketal.2019, author = {Reichel, Thomas and Rueckl, Kilian and Fenwick, Annabel and Vogt, Niklas and Rudert, Maximilian and Plumhoff, Piet}, title = {Hibernoma of the upper extremity: complete case of a rare but benign soft tissue tumor}, series = {Case Reports in Orthopedics}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Case Reports in Orthopedics}, doi = {10.1155/2019/6840693}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201669}, pages = {6840693}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Hibernoma is a rare benign lipomatous tumor showing differentiation of brown fatty tissue. To the author's best knowledge, there is no known case of malignant transformation or metastasis. Due to their slow, noninfiltrating growth hibernomas are often an incidental finding in the third or fourth decade of life. The vast majority are located in the thigh, neck, and periscapular region. A diagnostic workup includes ultrasound and contrast-enhanced MRI. Differential diagnosis is benign lipoma, well-differentiated liposarcoma, and rhabdomyoma. An incisional biopsy followed by marginal resection of the tumor is the standard of care, and recurrence after complete resection is not reported. The current paper presents diagnostic and intraoperative findings of a hibernoma of the upper arm and reviews similar reports in the current literature.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Ege2023, author = {Ege, Carolin}, title = {Einfluss der Phosphodiesterase 10A auf cAMP-abh{\"a}ngige Signalwege und deren Effekt auf osteogene Differenzierung und Mechanotransduktion von mesenchymalen Stromazellen}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32832}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-328327}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Humane mesenchymale Stromazellen sind in der Lage in osteogene Zellen zu differenzieren, und f{\"u}r diese osteogene Differenzierung ist mechanische Belastung ein relevanter Kostimulus. Mechanotransduktion hat zur Folge, dass second messenger wie cAMP und cGMP gebildet werden und sich die Ca2+-Konzentration erh{\"o}ht, welche wiederum Transkriptionsfaktoren aktivieren, die die Regulation von Genen osteogener Marker vermitteln. Die second messenger cAMP und cGMP werden abgebaut durch Phosphodiesterasen, jedoch ist die Rolle dieser Phosphodiesterasen w{\"a}hrend der osteogenen Differenzierung oder Mechanotransduktion weiterhin unklar. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, herauszufinden, inwieweit im Besonderen die Phosphodiesterase 10A einen Einfluss nimmt auf die osteogene Differenzierung und die Mechanotransduktion von mesenchymalen Stromazellen und inwiefern sie dabei die cAMP-abh{\"a}ngigen Signalwege moduliert. Langfristig soll hiermit herausgefunden wer-den, welche Bedeutung die PDE10A auf altersinduzierte Krankheiten hat, wobei der Fokus zun{\"a}chst auf der Osteoporose liegen soll. Um dies zu erreichen, wurden experimentelle Versuche zun{\"a}chst mit HEK293- und hMSC-TERT-Zellen als Modell f{\"u}r mesenchymale Stromazellen durchgef{\"u}hrt, dann auch mit den mesenchymalen Stromazellen selbst. Untersucht wurde der Einfluss des PDE10A-Inhibitors Papaverin auf die Zellen und auf deren mechanische Induzierbarkeit, sowieso auf die osteogene Differenzierung der hMSC. Außerdem wurden weitere mechanische Versuche durchgef{\"u}hrt, zur {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung des Effekts der Phosphodiesterase 10A. Es wurde beobachtet, dass die Inhibierung von PDE10A mit Papaverin die osteogene Differenzierung und Mineralisierung vermindert. Außerdem gab es einen ersten Hinweis, dass eine {\"U}berexpression von PDE10A schw{\"a}chenden Einfluss nimmt auf die Expression mechanoresponsiver Gene. Nachfolgend auf diese Arbeit wurde erkannt, dass die Expression von mechanoresponsiven Genen durch die PDE10A-Inhibition unterdr{\"u}ckt wird.}, subject = {Mesenchymzelle}, language = {de} } @article{PereiraLipphausErginetal.2021, author = {Pereira, Ana Rita and Lipphaus, Andreas and Ergin, Mert and Salehi, Sahar and Gehweiler, Dominic and Rudert, Maximilian and Hansmann, Jan and Herrmann, Marietta}, title = {Modeling of the Human Bone Environment: Mechanical Stimuli Guide Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions}, series = {Materials}, volume = {14}, journal = {Materials}, number = {16}, issn = {1996-1944}, doi = {10.3390/ma14164431}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-245012}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In bone tissue engineering, the design of in vitro models able to recreate both the chemical composition, the structural architecture, and the overall mechanical environment of the native tissue is still often neglected. In this study, we apply a bioreactor system where human bone-marrow hMSCs are seeded in human femoral head-derived decellularized bone scaffolds and subjected to dynamic culture, i.e., shear stress induced by continuous cell culture medium perfusion at 1.7 mL/min flow rate and compressive stress by 10\% uniaxial load at 1 Hz for 1 h per day. In silico modeling revealed that continuous medium flow generates a mean shear stress of 8.5 mPa sensed by hMSCs seeded on 3D bone scaffolds. Experimentally, both dynamic conditions improved cell repopulation within the scaffold and boosted ECM production compared with static controls. Early response of hMSCs to mechanical stimuli comprises evident cell shape changes and stronger integrin-mediated adhesion to the matrix. Stress-induced Col6 and SPP1 gene expression suggests an early hMSC commitment towards osteogenic lineage independent of Runx2 signaling. This study provides a foundation for exploring the early effects of external mechanical stimuli on hMSC behavior in a biologically meaningful in vitro environment, opening new opportunities to study bone development, remodeling, and pathologies.}, language = {en} } @article{SeefriedRakPetryketal.2021, author = {Seefried, L. and Rak, D. and Petryk, A. and Genest, F.}, title = {Bone turnover and mineral metabolism in adult patients with hypophosphatasia treated with asfotase alfa}, series = {Osteoporosis International}, volume = {32}, journal = {Osteoporosis International}, number = {12}, doi = {10.1007/s00198-021-06025-y}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265310}, pages = {2505-2513}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Summary There is limited understanding of how asfotase alfa affects mineral metabolism and bone turnover in adults with pediatric-onset hypophosphatasia. This study showed that adults with hypophosphatasia treated with asfotase alfa experienced significant changes in biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism, possibly reflecting enhanced bone remodeling of previously osteomalacic bone. Introduction Hypophosphatasia (HPP), due to a tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) deficiency, can cause impaired bone mineralization and turnover. Although HPP may be treated with asfotase alfa, an enzyme replacement therapy, limited data are available on how treatment with asfotase alfa affects mineral metabolism and bone turnover in adults with HPP. Methods ALP substrates, bone turnover and mineral metabolism markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) data from EmPATHY, a single-center, observational study of adults (≥ 18 years) with pediatric-onset HPP treated with asfotase alfa (NCT03418389), were collected during routine clinical care and analyzed from baseline through 24 months of treatment. Results Data from 21 patients showed significantly increased ALP activity and reduced urine phosphoethanolamine (PEA)/creatinine (Cr) ratios after baseline through 24 months of asfotase alfa treatment. There were significant transient increases in parathyroid hormone 1-84 (PTH), osteocalcin, and procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) levels at 3 and 6 months and in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) levels at 3 months, with a significant decrease in N-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (NTX) levels at 24 months. Lumbar spine BMD T scores continuously increased during treatment. Conclusion Significant changes in bone turnover and mineral metabolism markers after asfotase alfa treatment suggest that treatment-mediated mineralization may enable remodeling and bone turnover on previously unmineralized surfaces. Urine PEA/Cr ratios may be a useful parameter in monitoring treatment during routine care.}, language = {en} } @article{GenestClaussenRaketal.2021, author = {Genest, F. and Claußen, L. and Rak, D. and Seefried, L.}, title = {Bone mineral density and fracture risk in adult patients with hypophosphatasia}, series = {Osteoporosis International}, volume = {32}, journal = {Osteoporosis International}, issn = {0937-941X}, doi = {10.1007/s00198-020-05612-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235793}, pages = {377-385}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Summary In adult hypophosphatasia (HPP) patients, elevated lumbar spine dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) values are associated with markers of disease severity and disease-specific fracture risk while femoral bone mineral density (BMD), being largely unaffected by the disease severity, may still be useful to monitor other causes of increased fracture risk due to low BMD. Introduction Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder due to deficient activity of the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Clinical manifestation in adult HPP patients is manifold including an increased risk for fractures, but data regarding clinical significance of DXA measurement and associations with fracture risk and disease severity is scarce. Methods Retrospective single-center analysis of DXA scans in patients with confirmed HPP (documented mutation, clinical symptoms, low alkaline phosphatase activity). Further data evaluation included disease-related fractures, laboratory results (alkaline phosphatase, pyridoxalphosphate, phosphoethanolamine), and medical history. Results Analysis included 110 patients (84 female, mean age of 46.2 years) of whom 37.3\% (n = 41) were harboring two mutations. Average T-Score level at the lumbar spine was - 0.1 (SD 1.9), and mean total hip T-Score was - 1.07 (SD 0.15). Both lower ALP activity and higher substrate levels (pyridoxalphosphate and phosphoethanolamine) were significantly correlated with increased lumbar spine T-Score levels (p < 0.001) while BMD at the hip was not affected by indicators of disease severity. Increased lumbar spine BMD was significantly associated with an increased risk for HPP-related fractures, prevalent in 22 (20\%) patients (p < 0.001) with 21 of them having biallelic mutations. Conclusion BMD in adult HPP patients is not systematically reduced. Conversely, increased lumbar spine BMD appears to be associated with severely compromised mineralization and increased risk for HPP-related fractures while BMD at the hip appears unaffected by indicators of disease severity, suggesting suitability of this anatomic location for assessing and discerning disorders with increased fracture risk owing to reduced BMD like osteoporosis. Trial registration number German register for clinical studies (DRKS00014022) Date of registration 02/10/2018 - retrospectively registered}, language = {en} } @article{StratosBehrendtAnselmetal.2022, author = {Stratos, Ioannis and Behrendt, Ann-Kathrin and Anselm, Christian and Gonzalez, Aldebarani and Mittlmeier, Thomas and Vollmar, Brigitte}, title = {Inhibition of TNF-α restores muscle force, inhibits inflammation, and reduces apoptosis of traumatized skeletal muscles}, series = {Cells}, volume = {11}, journal = {Cells}, number = {15}, issn = {2073-4409}, doi = {10.3390/cells11152397}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286094}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Muscle injuries are common in humans and are often associated with irrecoverable damage and disability. Upon muscle injury, TNF-α signaling pathways modulate the healing process and are predominantly associated with tissue degradation. In this study we assumed that TNF-α inhibition could reduce the TNF-α-associated tissue degradation after muscle injury. Materials and methods: Therefore, the left soleus muscle of 42 male Wistar rats was injured using a standardized open muscle injury model. All rats were treated immediately after injury either with infliximab (single i.p. injection; 10 mg/kg b.w.) or saline solution i.p. Final measurements were conducted at day one, four, and 14 post injury. The muscle force, the muscle cell proliferation, the muscle cell coverage as well as the myofiber diameter served as read out parameters of our experiment. Results: Systemic application of infliximab could significantly reduce the TNF-α levels in the injured muscle at day four upon trauma compared to saline treated animals. The ratio of muscle weight to body weight was increased and the twitch muscle force showed a significant rise 14 days after trauma and TNF-α inhibition. Quantification of myofiber diameter in the penumbra zone showed a significant difference between both groups at day one and four after injury, indicated by muscle hypertrophy in the infliximab group. Planimetric analysis of the injured muscle at day 14 revealed increased muscle tissue fraction in the infliximab group compared to the control animals. Muscle cell proliferation did not differ between both groups. Conclusions: These data provide evidence that the TNF-α blockade positively regulates the restauration of skeletal muscles upon injury.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{WeissenbergergebKunz2023, author = {Weissenberger [geb. Kunz], Manuela-Hermina}, title = {Adenoviraler Gentransfer von SOX9 zur chondrogenen Differenzierung von humanen mesenchymalen Stammzellen}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32122}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-321221}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Der adenovirale SOX9-Gentransfer induziert nach 3-w{\"o}chiger in vitro Pelletkultur die chondrogene Differenzierung humaner mesenchymaler Stammzellen in Pelletkultur wirksamer als der TGFB1 Gentransfer mit geringerer Chondrozytenhypertrophie. Eine solche Technologie k{\"o}nnte zuk{\"u}nftig in vivo die Bildung von stabilerem hyalinem Knorpelregeneratgewebe erm{\"o}glichen.}, subject = {Hyaliner Knorpel}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Stroemsdoerfer2023, author = {Str{\"o}msd{\"o}rfer, Johanna}, title = {Einfluss von Vibrationstraining auf k{\"o}rperliche Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit, Alltagsaktivit{\"a}t und Lebensqualit{\"a}t von Patienten mit monoklonaler Gammopathie}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32089}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-320895}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Patienten mit monoklonaler Gammopathie unklarer Signifikanz haben ein erh{\"o}htes Risiko an einer Osteoporose, Knochenbr{\"u}chen oder einer reduzierten Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit zu leiden. Bisher hat sich noch keine Therapie zur Pr{\"a}vention dieser Komplikationen etabliert. Das Ziel unserer Studie war es, WBV als eine m{\"o}gliche Trainingsmethode zu pr{\"u}fen und den Einfluss auf die Fitness, Alltagsaktivit{\"a}t und Lebensqualit{\"a}t von Patienten mit monoklonaler Gammopathie zu untersuchen. Hierf{\"u}r haben 15 Probanden mit MGUS/SMM ein Trainingsprogramm {\"u}ber 3 bzw. 6 Monate mit zwei Trainingseinheiten pro Woche f{\"u}r jeweils 30 Minuten absolviert. Die k{\"o}rperliche Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit wurde anhand verschiedener Funktionstests sowie der Erhebung von K{\"o}rpermaßen betrachtet. Die Alltagsaktivit{\"a}t wurde mittels Fitnesstrackern untersucht. Anhand von 3 verschiedenen Frageb{\"o}gen wurde zudem der Einfluss auf die Lebensqualit{\"a}t der Probanden durch das Training ermittelt. Zusammenfassend zeigte sich eine deutliche Verbesserung der Fitness und Ausdauer der Probanden, die Alltagsaktivit{\"a}t und die Lebensqualit{\"a}t wurden nicht durch das Vibrationstraining beeinflusst.}, subject = {Vibrationstraining}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Altmann2023, author = {Altmann, Stephan}, title = {Characterization of Metabolic Glycoengineering in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for its Application in thermoresponsive Bioinks}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-29100}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-291003}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This work developed during the first funding period of the subproject B05 in the framework of the interdisciplinary research consortium TRR 225 'From the Fundamentals of Biofabrication toward functional Tissue Models' and was part of a cooperation between the Orthopedic Department represented by Prof. Dr. Regina Ebert and the Institute of Organic Chemistry represented by Prof. Dr. J{\"u}rgen Seibel. This project dealed with cellular behavior during the bioprinting process and how to influence it by modifying the cell glycocalyx with functional target molecules. The focus was on the impact of potential shear stress, that cells experience when they get processed in thermoresponsive bioinks, and a way to increase the cell stiffness via metabolic glycoengineering to attenuate shear forces. For the characterization of the metabolic glycoengineering, four different peracetylated and four non-acetylated modified monosaccharides (two mannose and two sialic acid sugars) were tested in primary human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) and telomerase-immortalized hMSC (hMSC-TERT). Viability results demonstrated a dose-dependent correlation for all sugars, at which hMSC-TERT seemed to be more susceptible leading to lower viability rates. The assessment of the incorporation efficiencies was performed by click chemistry using fluorescent dyes and revealed also a dose-dependent correlation for all mannose and sialic acid sugars, while glucose and galactose variants were not detected in the glycocalyx. However, incorporation efficiencies were highest when using mannose sugars in the primary hMSC. A subsequent analysis of the temporal retention of the incorporated monosaccharides showed a constant declining fluorescence signal up to 6 d for azido mannose in hMSC-TERT, whereas no signal could be detected for alkyne mannose after 2 d. Investigation of the differentiation potential and expression of different target genes revealed no impairment after incubation with mannose sugars, indicating a normal phenotype for hMSC-TERT. Following the successful establishment of the method, either a coumarin derivative or an artificial galectin 1 ligand were incorporated into the cell glycocalyx of hMSC-TERT as functional target molecule. The biophysical analysis via shear flow deformation cytometry revealed a slightly increased cell stiffness and lowered fluidity for both molecules. A further part of this project aimed to control lectin-mediated cell adhesion by artificial galectin 1 ligands. As that hypothesis was settled in the work group of Prof. Dr. J{\"u}rgen Seibel, this work supported with an initial characterization of galectin 1 as part of the hMSC biology. A stable galectin 1 expression at gene and protein level in both hMSC and hMSC-TERT could be confirmed, at which immunocytochemical stainings could detect the protein only in the glycocalyx. The treatment of hMSC-TERT with a galectin 1 ligand in different concentrations did not show an altered gene expression of galectin 1. However, these first data in addition to the investigation of stiffness confirmed the applicability of specific and artificial IV galectin 1 ligands in biofabrication approaches to alter cell properties of hMSC. To conclude, metabolic glycoengineering has been successfully implemented in hMSC and hMSC-TERT to introduce glycocalyx modifications which reside there for several days. A proof of concept was carried out by the increase of cell stiffness and fluidity by the incorporation of a coumarin derivative or an artificial galectin 1 ligand. For the characterization of shear stress impact on cells after printing in thermoresponsive bioinks, the processing of hMSC-TERT (mixing or additionally printing) with Pluronic F127 or Polyoxazoline-Polyoxazine (POx-POzi) polymer solution was investigated. While there were no changes in viability when using POx-POzi bioink, processing with Pluronic F127 indicated slightly lower viability and increased apoptosis activity. Assessment of cellular responses to potential shear stress showed no reorganization of the cytoskeleton independent of the bioink, but highly increased expression of the mechanoresponsive proto-oncogene c Fos which was more pronounced when using Pluronic F127 and just mixed with the bioinks. Interestingly, processing of the mechanoresponsive reporter cell line hMSC-TERT-AP1 revealed slightly elevated mechanotransduction activity when using POx-POzi polymer and just mixed with the bioinks as well. In conclusion, hMSC-TERT embedded in thermoresponsive bioinks might shortly experience shear stress during the printing process, but that did not lead to remarkable cell damage likely due to the rheological properties of the bioinks. Furthermore, the printing experiments also suggested that cells do not sense more shear stress when additionally printed.}, subject = {Glykobiologie}, language = {en} } @article{RakNedopilSayreetal.2022, author = {Rak, Dominik and Nedopil, Alexander J. and Sayre, Eric C. and Masri, Bassam A. and Rudert, Maximilian}, title = {Postoperative inpatient rehabilitation does not increase knee function after primary total knee arthroplasty}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {11}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12111934}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-297322}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Inpatient rehabilitation (IR) is a common postoperative protocol after total knee replacement (TKA). Because IR is expensive and should therefore be justified, this study determined the difference in knee function one year after TKA in patients treated with IR or outpatient rehabilitation, fast-track rehabilitation (FTR) in particular, which also entails a reduced hospital length of stay. A total of 205 patients were included in this multi-center prospective cohort study. Of the patients, 104 had primary TKA at a German university hospital and received IR, while 101 had primary TKA at a Canadian university hospital and received FTR. Patients receiving IR or FTR were matched by pre-operative demographics and knee function. Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) determined knee function one year after surgery. Patients receiving IR had a 2.8-point lower improvement in OKS (p = 0.001), a 6.7-point lower improvement in WOMAC (p = 0.063), and a 12.3-point higher improvement in EQ-VAS (p = 0.281) than patients receiving FTR. IR does not provide long-term benefits to patient recovery after primary uncomplicated TKA under the current rehabilitation regime.}, language = {en} } @article{SeilerEbertRudertetal.2022, author = {Seiler, Jonas and Ebert, Regina and Rudert, Maximilian and Herrmann, Marietta and Leich, Ellen and Weißenberger, Manuela and Horas, Konstantin}, title = {Bone metastases of diverse primary origin frequently express the VDR (vitamin D receptor) and CYP24A1}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {21}, issn = {2077-0383}, doi = {10.3390/jcm11216537}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-297377}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Active vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) is known to exert direct anti-cancer actions on various malignant tissues through binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). These effects have been demonstrated in breast, prostate, renal and thyroid cancers, which all have a high propensity to metastasise to bone. In addition, there is evidence that vitamin D catabolism via 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) is altered in tumour cells, thus, reducing local active vitamin D levels in cancer cells. The aim of this study was to assess VDR and CYP24A1 expression in various types of bone metastases by using immunohistochemistry. Overall, a high total VDR protein expression was detected in 59\% of cases (39/66). There was a non-significant trend of high-grade tumours towards the low nuclear VDR expression (p = 0.07). Notably, patients with further distant metastases had a reduced nuclear VDR expression (p = 0.03). Furthermore, a high CYP24A1 expression was detected in 59\% (39/66) of bone metastases. There was a significant positive correlation between nuclear VDR and CYP24A1 expression (p = 0.001). Collectively, the VDR and CYP24A1 were widely expressed in a multitude of bone metastases, pointing to a potential role of vitamin D signalling in cancer progression. This is of high clinical relevance, as vitamin D deficiency is frequent in patients with bone metastases.}, language = {en} } @article{KippnichDuempertSchorscheretal.2022, author = {Kippnich, Maximilian and Duempert, Maximilian and Schorscher, Nora and Jordan, Martin C. and Kunz, Andreas S. and Meybohm, Patrick and Wurmb, Thomas}, title = {Simultaneous treatment of trauma patients in a dual room trauma suite with integrated movable sliding gantry CT system: an observational study}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {12}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-20491-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-299695}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The trauma center of the University Hospital Wuerzburg has developed an advanced trauma pathway based on a dual-room trauma suite with an integrated movable sliding gantry CT-system. This enables simultaneous CT-diagnostics and treatment of two trauma patients. The focus of this study was to investigate the quality of the concept based on defined outcome criteria in this specific setting (time from arrival to initiation of CT scan: tCT; time from arrival to initiation of emergency surgery: tES). We analyzed all trauma patients admitted to the hospital's trauma suite from 1st May 2019 through 29th April 2020. Two subgroups were defined: trauma patients, who were treated without a second trauma patient present (group 1) and patients, who were treated simultaneously with another trauma patient (group 2). Simultaneous treatment was defined as parallel arrival within a period of 20 min. Of 423 included trauma patients, 46 patients (10.9\%) were treated simultaneously. Car accidents were the predominant trauma mechanism in this group (19.6\% vs. 47.8\%, p < 0.05). Prehospital life-saving procedures were performed with comparable frequency in both groups (intubation 43.5\% vs. 39\%, p = 0.572); pleural drainage 3.2\% vs. 2.2\%, p = 0.708; cardiopulmonary resuscitation 5\% vs. 2.2\%, p = 0.387). At hospital admission, patients in group 2 suffered significantly more pain (E-problem according to Advanced Trauma Life Support principles©; 29.2\% vs. 45.7\%, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical treatment (emergency procedures, vasopressor and coagulant therapy, and transfusion of red blood cells). tCT was 6 (4-10) minutes (median and IQR) in group 1 and 8 (5-15.5) minutes in group 2 (p = 0.280). tES was 90 (78-106) minutes in group 1 and 99 (97-108) minutes in group 2 (p = 0.081). The simultaneous treatment of two trauma patients in a dual-room trauma suite with an integrated movable sliding gantry CT-system requires a medical, organizational, and technical concept adapted to this special setting. Despite the oftentimes serious and life-threatening injuries, optimal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures can be guaranteed for two simultaneous trauma patients at an individual medical level in consistent quality.}, language = {en} } @article{PereiraTrivanovićStahlhutetal.2022, author = {Pereira, Ana Rita and Trivanović, Drenka and Stahlhut, Philipp and Rudert, Maximilian and Groll, J{\"u}rgen and Herrmann, Marietta}, title = {Preservation of the na{\"i}ve features of mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro: Comparison of cell- and bone-derived decellularized extracellular matrix}, series = {Journal of Tissue Engineering}, volume = {13}, journal = {Journal of Tissue Engineering}, doi = {10.1177/20417314221074453}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-268835}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The fate and behavior of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSC) is bidirectionally influenced by their microenvironment, the stem cell niche, where a magnitude of biochemical and physical cues communicate in an extremely orchestrated way. It is known that simplified 2D in vitro systems for BM-MSC culture do not represent their na{\"i}ve physiological environment. Here, we developed four different 2D cell-based decellularized matrices (dECM) and a 3D decellularized human trabecular-bone scaffold (dBone) to evaluate BM-MSC behavior. The obtained cell-derived matrices provided a reliable tool for cell shape-based analyses of typical features associated with osteogenic differentiation at high-throughput level. On the other hand, exploratory proteomics analysis identified native bone-specific proteins selectively expressed in dBone but not in dECM models. Together with its architectural complexity, the physico-chemical properties of dBone triggered the upregulation of stemness associated genes and niche-related protein expression, proving in vitro conservation of the na{\"i}ve features of BM-MSC.}, language = {en} } @article{vonHertzbergBoelchLuedemannRudertetal.2022, author = {von Hertzberg-Boelch, Sebastian Philipp and Luedemann, Martin and Rudert, Maximilian and Steinert, Andre F.}, title = {PMMA bone cement: antibiotic elution and mechanical properties in the context of clinical use}, series = {Biomedicines}, volume = {10}, journal = {Biomedicines}, number = {8}, issn = {2227-9059}, doi = {10.3390/biomedicines10081830}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-281708}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This literature review discusses the use of antibiotic loaded polymethylmethacrylate bone cements in arthroplasty. The clinically relevant differences that have to be considered when antibiotic loaded bone cements (ALBC) are used either for long-term implant fixation or as spacers for the treatment of periprosthetic joint infections are outlined. In this context, in vitro findings for antibiotic elution and material properties are summarized and transferred to clinical use.}, language = {en} } @article{StratosRinasSchroepferetal.2023, author = {Stratos, Ioannis and Rinas, Ingmar and Schr{\"o}pfer, Konrad and Hink, Katharina and Herlyn, Philipp and B{\"a}umler, Mario and Histing, Tina and Bruhn, Sven and M{\"u}ller-Hilke, Brigitte and Menger, Michael D. and Vollmar, Brigitte and Mittlmeier, Thomas}, title = {Effects on bone and muscle upon treadmill interval training in hypogonadal male rats}, series = {Biomedicines}, volume = {11}, journal = {Biomedicines}, number = {5}, issn = {2227-9059}, doi = {10.3390/biomedicines11051370}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-319266}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Testosterone deficiency in males is linked to various pathological conditions, including muscle and bone loss. This study evaluated the potential of different training modalities to counteract these losses in hypogonadal male rats. A total of 54 male Wistar rats underwent either castration (ORX, n = 18) or sham castration (n = 18), with 18 castrated rats engaging in uphill, level, or downhill interval treadmill training. Analyses were conducted at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postsurgery. Muscle force of the soleus muscle, muscle tissue samples, and bone characteristics were analyzed. No significant differences were observed in cortical bone characteristics. Castrated rats experienced decreased trabecular bone mineral density compared to sham-operated rats. However, 12 weeks of training increased trabecular bone mineral density, with no significant differences among groups. Muscle force measurements revealed decreased tetanic force in castrated rats at week 12, while uphill and downhill interval training restored force to sham group levels and led to muscle hypertrophy compared to ORX animals. Linear regression analyses showed a positive correlation between bone biomechanical characteristics and muscle force. The findings suggest that running exercise can prevent bone loss in osteoporosis, with similar bone restoration effects observed across different training modalities.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Seiler2023, author = {Seiler, Jonas}, title = {Die Expression des Vitamin-D-Rezeptors und der 24-Hydroxylase in Knochenmetastasen unterschiedlicher Entit{\"a}t}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32182}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-321827}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Knochenmetastasen sind unter den drei h{\"a}ufigsten Manifestationsorten metastatischer Absiedelungen von fortgeschrittenen Tumorerkrankungen. Dabei sind insbesondere Patientinnen und Patienten mit Prostata- und Mammakarzinom von Knochenmetastasen betroffen. Diese Knochenmetastasen f{\"u}hren h{\"a}ufig zu einer deutlichen Verschlechterung der Lebensqualit{\"a}t und zu einer Begrenzung der Therapieoptionen auf lediglich palliative Ans{\"a}tze. Die biologisch aktive Form von Vitamin D3, 1,25(OH)2-Vitamin D3, zeigt in pr{\"a}klinischen Studien antiproliferative und differenzierende Effekte auf Tumorzellen (101, 102, 104), die haups{\"a}chlich durch die Bindung an den Vitamin D-Rezeptor (VDR) vermittelt werden. Dar{\"u}berhinaus konnte pr{\"a}klinisch gezeigt werden, dass eine niedrige Expression des VDRs, ligandenunabh{\"a}ngig, die Knochenmetastasierung und das Tumorwachstum beg{\"u}nstigt (118). Eine niedrige VDR-Expression ist in Prim{\"a}rtumoren in klinischen Studien mit aggressiven Tumoreigenschaften assoziiert (111, 113, 115) und kann zudem mit einer erh{\"o}hten/fr{\"u}heren oss{\"a}ren Metastasierung einhergehen (167). Zudem gibt es Hinweise auf einen dysregulierten 1,25(OH)2-Vitamin D3-Katabolismus durch eine erh{\"o}hte Expression des 1,25(OH)2-Vitamin D3 katabolisierenden Enzyms CYP24A1/24-Hydroxylase in prim{\"a}rem Tumorzellen (70, 121, 122). Durch die Untersuchungen der Prim{\"a}rtumoren ist damit zu hypothetisieren, dass die Expression des VDRs und von CYP24A1 bei der Tumorprogression und Knochenmetastasierung von Bedeutung sein k{\"o}nnte. Entsprechende Untersuchungen des VDRs und der 24-Hydroxylase in Knochenmetastasen fehlen allerdings. Deshalb wurde in dieser Arbeit die Expression des VDRs und von CYP24A1 in Knochenmetastasen unterschiedlicher Prim{\"a}rtumoren von 66 Patientinnen und Patienten untersucht und m{\"o}gliche Assoziationen mit aggressiven Tumoreigenschaften analysiert. Der VDR konnte sowohl im Zytoplasma als auch im Nukleus nachgewiesen werden, w{\"a}hrend CYP24A1 nur im Zytoplasma lokalisiert war. Dabei wiesen insgesamt 71 \% der Knochenmetastasen eine hohe VDR-Expression im Nukleus und 56 \% im Zytoplasma auf. 59 \% der Knochenmetastasen wiesen eine hohe Expression des VDRs insgesamt auf. CYP24A1 war ebenso in 59 \% der Knochenmetastasen hoch exprimiert. Bei der Auswertung des Zusammenhangs zwischen den TNM-Stadien und des Gradings zeigte sich ein nicht signifikanter Trend von schlecht differenzierten Tumoren hin zu einer niedrigeren nukle{\"a}ren VDR-Expression (p=0.07, siehe Abbildung 33). Bez{\"u}glich der T-Stadien zeigten sich keine Unterschiede der Expression des VDRs und von CYP24A1 in den Knochenmetastasen zwischen lokal fortgeschrittenen und kleinen Prim{\"a}rtumoren. Weiterhin hatten Patientinnen und Patienten mit Lymphknotenmetastasen tendenziell eine verminderte VDR- und auch CYP24A1-Expression in den Knochenmetastasen im Vergleich zu Patienten und Patientinnen ohne Lymphknotenmetastasen (pVDR=0.15, pCYP24A1=0.06, siehe Abbildung 35). Außerdem hatten Patientinnen und Patienten mit multiple metastasierten Tumoren eine signifikant niedrigere nukle{\"a}re VDR- und auch CYP24A1-Expression im Vergleich zu Patientinnen und Patienten mit ausschließlich oss{\"a}rer Metastasierung (pVDR=0.03, pCYP24A1=0.01, Abbildung 36). Die Proteinexpression des VDRs- und von CYP24A1 korrelierten signifikant (p=0.001). Somit konnte mit dieser Arbeit die Proteinexpression des VDRs und von CYP24A1 in Knochenmetastasen durch Immunhistologie nachgewiesen werden. Insgesamt wurde der VDR und CYP24A1 von Knochenmetastasen diverser Entit{\"a}t unterschiedlich stark exprimiert. Jedoch k{\"o}nnten insbesondere Patienten mit VDR-exprimierenden Knochenmetastasen von einer Vitamin D3-Supplementierung profitieren, die h{\"a}ufig einen 25-OH-Vitamin D3 Mangel zeigen (165, 166). Ebenso k{\"o}nnte eine Untersuchung auf einen niedrigen VDR-Status in Prim{\"a}rtumoren dabei helfen, Krebspatienten mit einem hohen Metastasierungsrisiko zu identifizieren. Allerdings sind weitere und gr{\"o}ßere Studien inbesondere mit Evaluation des gesamten Vitamin D-Metabolismus und -Signalwegs notwendig, um diesen Zusammenhang weiter zu untersuchen.}, subject = {Vitamin D3}, language = {de} } @article{WangStoecklLietal.2022, author = {Wang, Chenglong and St{\"o}ckl, Sabine and Li, Shushan and Herrmann, Marietta and Lukas, Christoph and Reinders, Yvonne and Sickmann, Albert and Gr{\"a}ssel, Susanne}, title = {Effects of extracellular vesicles from osteogenic differentiated human BMSCs on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity of na{\"i}ve human BMSCs}, series = {Cells}, volume = {11}, journal = {Cells}, number = {16}, issn = {2073-4409}, doi = {10.3390/cells11162491}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286112}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Osteoporosis, or steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the hip, is accompanied by increased bone marrow adipogenesis. Such a disorder of adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation, affecting bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), contributes to bone loss during aging. Here, we investigated the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human (h)BMSCs during different stages of osteogenic differentiation on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity of na{\"i}ve (undifferentiated) hBMSCs. We observed that all EV groups increased viability and proliferation capacity and suppressed the apoptosis of na{\"i}ve hBMSCs. In particular, EVs derived from hBMSCs at late-stage osteogenic differentiation promoted the osteogenic potential of na{\"i}ve hBMSCs more effectively than EVs derived from na{\"i}ve hBMSCs (na{\"i}ve EVs), as indicated by the increased gene expression of COL1A1 and OPN. In contrast, the adipogenic differentiation capacity of na{\"i}ve hBMSCs was inhibited by treatment with EVs from osteogenic differentiated hBMSCs. Proteomic analysis revealed that osteogenic EVs and na{\"i}ve EVs contained distinct protein profiles, with pro-osteogenic and anti-adipogenic proteins encapsulated in osteogenic EVs. We speculate that osteogenic EVs could serve as an intercellular communication system between bone- and bone-marrow adipose tissue, for transporting osteogenic factors and thus favoring pro-osteogenic processes. Our data may support the theory of an endocrine circuit with the skeleton functioning as a ductless gland.}, language = {en} } @article{NedopilHowellHull2022, author = {Nedopil, Alexander J. and Howell, Stephen M. and Hull, Maury L.}, title = {A TKA insert with a lateral flat articular surface maximizes external and internal tibial orientations without anterior lift-off relative to low- and ultracongruent surfaces}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {8}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12081274}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286142}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), inserts can have different levels of medial and lateral congruency determined by the acuteness of the upslopes of the anterior and posterior articular surfaces. The present study evaluated an insert with different levels of lateral congruency and a medial ball-in-socket congruency to test the hypothesis that a lateral flat (F) insert maximizes external tibial orientation at extension and internal orientation at 90° flexion and lowers the incidence of anterior lift-off relative to low-congruent (LC) and ultracongruent (UC) lateral inserts. Methods: Two surgeons treated 23 patients with unrestricted caliper-verified kinematic alignment (KA) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) retention. They randomly trialed inserts with a medial radial dial that functioned as a built-in goniometer by measuring the tibial orientation relative to a sagittal line on the femoral trial component. Anterior lift-off of the insert from the baseplate indicated PCL tightness. Results: The F insert's mean of 9° of external tibial orientation was higher than that of the LC (5°, p < 0.0001) and UC inserts (2°, p < 0.0001). The -13° of internal tibial orientation at 90° flexion was higher than that of the LC (-9°, p < 0.0001) and UC inserts (-7°, p < 0.0001). The 0\% incidence of anterior lift-off was less than that of the LC (26\%) and UC inserts (57\%) (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Surgeons and implant manufacturers should know that adding congruency to the lateral articular surface limits external tibial orientation in extension and internal tibial orientation at 90° flexion and overtightens the PCL. These rotational limitations and flexion space tightness can adversely affect patellofemoral tracking and knee flexion.}, language = {en} } @article{NedopilHowellHull2022, author = {Nedopil, Alexander J. and Howell, Stephen M. and Hull, Maury L.}, title = {Measurement of tibial orientation helps select the optimal insert thickness to personalize PCL tension in a medial ball-in-socket TKA}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {9}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12091427}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286232}, year = {2022}, abstract = {As the conformity of a medial ball-in-socket total knee arthroplasty (TKA) provides intrinsic anterior-posterior (A-P) stability, surgeons cannot rely on the manual examination of sagittal laxity to identify the optimal insert thickness. Instead, the present study determined whether measuring tibial axial orientation in extension and 90° flexion with an insert goniometer could identify the optimal thickness that, when implanted, provides high postoperative function. In twenty-two patients that underwent unrestricted caliper-verified kinematic alignment (KA) with a PCL retaining implant, two surgeons measured tibial orientation in extension and 90° flexion with 10, 11, 12, and 13 mm thick insert goniometers. Each TKA had one insert thickness that restored either the maximum external tibial orientation in extension, the maximum internal tibial orientation at 90° flexion, or both relative to 1 mm thinner and thicker inserts. In addition, the 6-month median [interquartile range] Forgotten Joint Score of 73 (54-87) and Oxford Knee Score of 42 (38-45) indicated high satisfaction and function. In conclusion, surgeons using a medial ball-in-socket TKA design can measure external tibial orientation in extension and internal tibial orientation at 90° flexion with an insert goniometer. Furthermore, implanting an insert with the thickness that provided the maximum orientation values resulted in high postoperative function, thereby personalizing PCL tension.}, language = {en} } @article{DhaliwalZamoraNedopiletal.2022, author = {Dhaliwal, Anand and Zamora, Tomas and Nedopil, Alexander J. and Howell, Stephen M. and Hull, Maury L.}, title = {Six commonly used postoperative radiographic alignment parameters do not predict clinical outcome scores after unrestricted caliper-verified kinematically aligned TKA}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {9}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12091468}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-288186}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Unrestricted caliper-verified kinematically aligned (KA) TKA restores patient's prearthritic coronal and sagittal alignments, which have a wide range containing outliers that concern the surgeon practicing mechanical alignment (MA). Therefore, knowing which radiographic parameters are associated with dissatisfaction could help a surgeon decide whether to rely on them as criteria for revising an unhappy patient with a primary KA TKA using MA principles. Hence, we determined whether the femoral mechanical angle (FMA), hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), tibial mechanical angle (TMA), tibial slope angle (TSA), and the indicators of patellofemoral tracking, including patella tilt angle (PTA) and the lateral undercoverage of the trochlear resection (LUCTR), are associated with clinical outcome scores. Methods: Forty-three patients with a CT scan and skyline radiograph after a KA TKA with PCL retention and medial stabilized design were analyzed. Linear regression determined the strength of the association between the FMA, HKA angle, PTS, PTA, and LUCTR and the forgotten joint score (FJS), Oxford knee score (OKS), and KOOS Jr score obtained at a mean of 23 months. Results: There was no correlation between the FMA (range 2° varus to -10° valgus), HKAA (range 10° varus to -9° valgus), TMA (range 10° varus to -0° valgus), TSA (range 14° posterior to -4° anterior), PTA (range, -10° medial to 14° lateral), and the LUCTR resection (range 2 to 9 mm) and the FJS (median 83), the OKS (median 44), and the KOOS Jr (median 85) (r = 0.000 to 0.079). Conclusions: Surgeons should be cautious about using postoperative FMA, HKAA, TMA, TSA, PTA, and LUCTR values within the present study's reported ranges to explain success and dissatisfaction after KA TKA.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{DeGraafverhWeinke2023, author = {De Graaf [verh. Weinke], Karlijn}, title = {Analyse des postoperativen Offsets nach H{\"u}ftprothesenwechsel}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32910}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-329104}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die Rekonstruktion der Anatomie einer nativen H{\"u}fte sowie deren nat{\"u}rlichen Biomechanik ist eine essenzielle Voraussetzung f{\"u}r eine zufriedenstellende Funktion einer H{\"u}ftprothese. Diese Studie besch{\"a}ftigte sich mit dem Zusammenhang der Ver{\"a}nderung des Femoralen Offsets (FO) und dem klinischen Outcome der Patienten nach H{\"u}ftprothesenwechsel. 88 Patienten, welche sich einem H{\"u}ftprothesenwechsel unterzogen, wurden untersucht. Es wurden in pr{\"a}- und postoperativen Becken{\"u}bersichtsaufnahmen das Femorale Offset, sowie weitere statische Parameter gemessen und verglichen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit dem klinischen Outcome korreliert. Dies erfolgte anhand des Harris Hip Score (HHS), der Visuellen Analogskala (VAS) und des Merle d'Aubigne und Postel Score (MdAS). Bez{\"u}glich der Rekonstruktion des FO kam es zu einem zufriedenstellenden Ergebnis. In 22,6\% konnte ein gleichgroßes, in 54\% ein vergr{\"o}ßertes und in 22\% ein verkleiner- tes FO gemessen werden. Das klinische Outcome ergab durchschnittlich ein gutes bis sehr gutes klnisches Ergebnis in allen erhobenen Scores (Gesamtpunktzahl: HHS 75,09; MdAS 14,36; VAS 0,71). Ein signifikant besseres Ergebnis hinsichtlich der Beweglichkeit und Funktionalit{\"a}t wurde bei gleichbleibendem und vergr{\"o}ßertem FO in allen klinischen Tests (VAS, HHS, MdAS) erzielt. Bei verkleinertem FO traten jedoch weniger Schmerzen auf. Die Rekonstruktion des FO ist nachweislich von Bedeutung f{\"u}r das klinische Outcome nach H{\"u}ftprothesenwechsel. Sie beeinflusst den Hebelarm der Muskulatur, was bei einem vergr{\"o}ßertem FO zu einer verbesserten Beweglichkeit und Funktionalit{\"a}t des Gelenkes f{\"u}hrt, jedoch auch aufgrund der Dehnung des Bandapparats und der Muskulatur eine vermehrte Schmerzsymptomatik verursachen kann. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit decken sich mit {\"a}hnlichen Studien, welche das FO bei prim{\"a}rer H-TEP- Implantation untersuchten.}, language = {de} } @article{SappeyMarinierHowellNedopiletal.2022, author = {Sappey-Marinier, Elliot and Howell, Stephen M. and Nedopil, Alexander J. and Hull, Maury L.}, title = {The trochlear groove of a femoral component designed for kinematic alignment is lateral to the quadriceps line of force and better laterally covers the anterior femoral resection than a mechanical alignment design}, series = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, volume = {12}, journal = {Journal of Personalized Medicine}, number = {10}, issn = {2075-4426}, doi = {10.3390/jpm12101724}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-290482}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: A concern about kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is that it relies on femoral components designed for mechanical alignment (MAd-FC) that could affect patellar tracking, in part, because of a trochlear groove orientation that is typically 6° from vertical. KA sets the femoral component coincident to the patient's pre-arthritic distal and posterior femoral joint lines and restores the Q-angle, which varies widely. Relative to KA and the native knee, aligning the femoral component with MA changes most distal joint lines and Q-angles, and rotates the posterior joint line externally laterally covering the anterior femoral resection. Whether switching from a MAd- to a KAd-FC with a wider trochlear groove orientation of 20.5° from vertical results in radiographic measures known to promote patellar tracking is unknown. The primary aim was to determine whether a KAd-FC sets the trochlear groove lateral to the quadriceps line of force (QLF), better laterally covers the anterior femoral resection, and reduces lateral patella tilt relative to a MAd-FC. The secondary objective was to determine at six weeks whether the KAd-FC resulted in a higher complication rate, less knee extension and flexion, and lower clinical outcomes. Methods: Between April 2019 and July 2022, two surgeons performed sequential bilateral unrestricted caliper-verified KA TKA with manual instruments on thirty-six patients with a KAd- and MAd-FC in opposite knees. An observer measured the angle between a line best-fit to the deepest valley of the trochlea and a line representing the QLF that indicated the patient's Q-angle. When the trochlear groove was lateral or medial relative to the QLF, the angle is denoted + or -, and the femoral component included or excluded the patient's Q-angle, respectively. Software measured the lateral undercoverage of the anterior femoral resection on a Computed Tomography (CT) scan, and the patella tilt angle (PTA) on a skyline radiograph. Complications, knee extension and flexion measurements, Oxford Knee Score, KOOS Jr, and Forgotten Joint Score were recorded pre- and post-operatively (at 6 weeks). A paired Student's T-test determined the difference between the KA TKAs with a KAd-FC and MAd-FC with a significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The final analysis included thirty-five patients. The 20.5° trochlear groove of the KAd-FC was lateral to the QLF in 100\% (15 ± 3°) of TKAs, which was greater than the 69\% (1 ± 3°) lateral to the QLF with the 6° trochlear groove of the MAd-FC (p < 0.001). The KAd-FC's 2 ± 1.9 mm lateral undercoverage of the anterior femoral resection was less than the 4.4 ± 1.5 mm for the MAd-FC (p < 0.001). The PTA, complication rate, knee extension and flexion, and clinical outcome measures did not differ between component designs. Conclusions: The KA TKA with a KAd-FC resulted in a trochlear groove lateral to the QLF that included the Q-angle in all patients, and negligible lateral undercoverage of the anterior femoral resection. These newly described radiographic parameters could be helpful when investigating femoral components designed for KA with the intent of promoting patellofemoral kinematics.}, language = {en} } @article{EidmannEisertRudertetal.2022, author = {Eidmann, Annette and Eisert, Marius and Rudert, Maximilian and Stratos, Ioannis}, title = {Influence of Vitamin D and C on bone marrow edema syndrome — A scoping review of the literature}, series = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, volume = {11}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, number = {22}, issn = {2077-0383}, doi = {10.3390/jcm11226820}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-297356}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) is a rare disease with a largely unknown etiology. The aim of this scoping review is to systematically evaluate and combine the available evidence about vitamin D and C and BMES. The analysis of the manuscripts was based on country of origin, number of patients, gender, study type, epidemiology, localization, bone mineral density measurements, vitamin status and therapy. Sixty studies were included. The overall number of patients was 823 with a male-to-female ratio of 1.55:1 and a mean age of 40.9 years. Studies were very heterogeneous and of diverging scientific scope with a weak level of evidence. The hip was the most affected joint, followed by the foot and ankle and the knee; 18.3\% of patients suffered from multifocal BMES. Sixteen studies reported on vitamin D levels, resulting in a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (47\%) and insufficiency (17.9\%) among BMES patients. Three BME manuscripts were associated with vitamin C deficiency. Current therapeutic interventions include conservative measures (mainly unloading), various osteoactive drugs and iloprost. In summary, data about BMES in association with vitamin status is limited. A causal relationship between vitamin D or vitamin C status, osteopenia, and BMES cannot be determined from the existing literature.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Loeffler2023, author = {L{\"o}ffler, Miriam}, title = {Bestimmung der optimalen Positionierung eines Kirschner-Drahtes zur tempor{\"a}ren Transfixation des AC-Gelenks bei der operativen Behandlung der AC-Sprengung}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-32874}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-328742}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die AC-Sprengung ist eine weit verbreitete Verletzung des Schulterg{\"u}rtels und am h{\"a}ufigsten auf einen Sportunfall vorwiegend junger M{\"a}nner zur{\"u}ckzuf{\"u}hren. Die optimale Therapie wird kontrovers diskutiert, keine der rund 150 OP-Methoden hat sich bisher als den anderen {\"u}berlegen erwiesen. Allerdings gelten Operationen, bei denen das AC-Gelenk tempor{\"a}r durch eine intramedull{\"a}re Schienung per Kirschner-Draht ruhiggestellt wird, als sehr zuverl{\"a}ssig. Sie sind aufgrund einer sehr variablen Anatomie jedoch auch f{\"u}r erfahrene Operateure technisch anspruchsvoll. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es daher, mithilfe der gewonnenen Kenntnisse zur idealen Lage eines K-Drahtes das operative Vorgehen zur tempor{\"a}ren Transfixation des ACGs k{\"u}nftig durch eine gezieltere Platzierung zu erleichtern, somit die Operationsmethode zu optimieren und folglich das Outcome zu verbessern. F{\"u}r diese Arbeit wurden bereits vorliegende anonymisierte computertomographische Daten gesunder AC-Gelenke nach ihrer physiologischen Anatomie sowie der Lage eines virtuell ideal platzierten transartikul{\"a}ren K-Drahtes ausgewertet. Hierf{\"u}r wurden CT-Daten von insgesamt 66 Schultern herangezogen, der Epidemiologie der AC-Sprengung entsprechend waren hiervon 59 Patienten und 7 Patientinnen zuzuordnen. Die erhobenen Daten zeigen, dass die Lage des Eintrittspunktes idealerweise durch den orthogonalen Abstand des Drahtes zur Acromionspitze definiert wird und durchschnittlich 12,89 mm betr{\"a}gt. Er ist prim{\"a}r abh{\"a}ngig von der K{\"o}rpergr{\"o}ße und kann daher pr{\"a}operativ anhand einer Regressionsgeraden individuell f{\"u}r jeden Patienten bestimmt werden. Der Drahtverlauf sollte prim{\"a}r durch Zielen auf den markierten Austrittspunkt definiert werden. Das Absch{\"a}tzen der Bohrrichtung anhand von Winkeln erscheint nahezu unm{\"o}glich. Die Drahtl{\"a}nge bel{\"a}uft sich im Mittel auf 58,06 mm. Je kleiner der AC-Winkel ist, desto steiler und auch k{\"u}rzer zeigt sich der Drahtverlauf. Die Lage des Austrittspunktes korreliert ebenfalls signifikant mit dem AC-Winkel und kann daher nach erfolgter Winkelmessung im R{\"o}ntgenbild anhand einer Regressionsgeraden abgelesen werden. Der mithilfe der Daten ermittelte Austrittspunkt eines ideal platzierten K-Drahtes befindet sich durchschnittlich auf H{\"o}he des lateralen Claviculawinkels und somit auf H{\"o}he der CC-B{\"a}nder. Bei der nur geringen Fallzahl weiblicher Patienten besteht eine noch eingeschr{\"a}nkte Aussagekraft bez{\"u}glich geschlechtsabh{\"a}ngiger Lageunterschiede. Nach bisher vorliegenden Daten kann eine geschlechtsunabh{\"a}ngige OP-Planung erfolgen. Relevante ACG-Typ abh{\"a}ngige Lageunterschiede konnten ebenfalls nicht festgestellt werden, eine pr{\"a}operative Bestimmung des anatomischen ACG-Typs ist daher nicht erforderlich. Die erhobenen Daten deuten darauf hin, dass die ideale Drahtplatzierung unter Einhaltung aller Drahtlagekriterien nicht immer m{\"o}glich ist. Betroffen sind kleine Patienten (Grenzwert: 158,6 cm K{\"o}rpergr{\"o}ße), bei denen der Mindestabstand zur Acromionspitze nicht sichergestellt werden kann. Zudem besteht bei Patienten mit einem kleinen AC-Winkel (Grenzwert: 156,2°) das Risiko, die Mindestdrahtl{\"a}nge innerhalb der Clavicula zu unterschreiten. In diesen F{\"a}llen muss entweder dezent von der idealen Drahtlage abgewichen oder auf ein alternatives OP-Verfahren ausgewichen werden.}, subject = {Akromioklavikulargelenk}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Lindstroem2023, author = {Lindstr{\"o}m, Sarah Ingrid}, title = {Evaluation von Analysemethoden zur Validierung der Effektivit{\"a}t alltagstauglicher Trainingsmethoden bei {\"a}lteren M{\"a}nnern mit osteoporotischen Ver{\"a}nderungen}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-34643}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-346431}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Aufgrund der immer {\"a}lterwerdenden Bev{\"o}lkerung kommt der Pr{\"a}vention von altersbedingten muskuloskelettalen Erkrankungen wie der Osteoporose und der Sarkopenie eine herausragende Bedeutung zu. Insbesondere f{\"u}r die Sarkopenie gibt es heute und auf absehbare Zeit keine kausale medikament{\"o}se Therapie. Somit stellt der Erhalt einer intakten Muskulatur durch k{\"o}rperliche Aktivit{\"a}t die zentrale S{\"a}ule f{\"u}r eine langfristig muskuloskelettale Gesundheit dar. Die aktuelle, wissenschaftliche Datenlage zeigt hierbei f{\"u}r progressives Krafttraining im Alter valide Ergebnisse. Durch die gezielte Beanspruchung der Muskulatur kann bis ins hohe Alter dem nat{\"u}rlichen Verlust der Muskelmasse und -qualit{\"a}t entgegengewirkt werden. Ein gezieltes Training der Wirbels{\"a}ule-umgebenden Muskulatur ist vor allem bei Menschen mit Osteoporose sinnvoll. Durch starke R{\"u}ckenmuskeln werden wichtige Alltagsbewegungen unterst{\"u}tzt und das Sturzrisiko kann reduziert werden. Ein klassisches progressives Krafttraining ist jedoch bei {\"a}lteren Menschen nicht immer durchf{\"u}hrbar, da diese oft an zus{\"a}tzlichen Erkrankungen leiden, welche ein intensives Krafttraining verbieten, oder allgemein zu schwach f{\"u}r eine solche Trainingsmodalit{\"a}t sind. Ziel dieser Studie war zus{\"a}tzlich zum Krafttraining alternative Trainingsmethoden zu testen, welche einfach und sicher im Alter integrierbar sind und keine sportlichen Vorkenntnisse der Teilnehmer erfordern. Im Fokus stand dabei die Kr{\"a}ftigung der Rumpfmuskulatur. Alternativ zum klassischen, progressivem Krafttraining (KT) wurden daher sogenannte Low-Impact-Methoden getestet, konkret handelte es sich dabei um Ganzk{\"o}rpervibrationstraining (WBV), das t{\"a}gliche Tragen einer federnden R{\"u}ckenorthese (OT) und Qi Gong (QG) als atmungs- und bewegungsorientiertes Konzept. Das Krafttraining zeigte dabei die gr{\"o}ßten Verbesserungen in der Rumpfkraft, dem prim{\"a}ren Endpunkt der Studie. Bei der Extensionskraft zeigte sich eine Zunahme von 28,0\%. (p=0,008) und bei der Flexionskraft von 17,2\% (p=0,008). Doch auch das WBV-Training und das Tragen der R{\"u}ckenorthese zeigten Verbesserungen der Rumpfkraft. Das QG-Training zeigte kaum Ver{\"a}nderungen der Rumpfkraft. Im Gruppenvergleich war die KT-Gruppe der QG-Gruppe in der Entwicklung der Extensionskraft signifikant {\"u}berlegen. Auch wenn die alternativen Trainingsmethoden keine signifikanten Ergebnisse im prim{\"a}ren Endpunkt dieser Studie zeigten, kam es zu signifikanten Verbesserungen in den sekund{\"a}ren Endpunkten. In der WBV-Gruppe kam es zu einem signifikanten Anstieg der Handkraft (p=0,023) und im CRT (p=0,007). In der OT-Gruppe war der CRT signifikant besser geworden (p=0,003). In der QG-Gruppe kam es zu tendenziellen Verbesserungen einiger Leistungsparameter, jedoch waren diese statistisch {\"u}berwiegend nicht signifikant. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt dieser Arbeit war jedoch, dass unabh{\"a}ngig von der jeweiligen Trainingsmodalit{\"a}t, vor allem die Teilnehmer, die ein erh{\"o}htes Risiko f{\"u}r muskul{\"a}re Defizite hatten, also Probanden ≥80 Jahre, Menschen mit pr{\"a}sarkopenem Muskelstatus, oder multimorbide Teilnehmer, am meisten von den Trainingsinterventionen profitierten. Hier fiel vor allem die signifikante Zunahme der Rumpfflexion in allen drei Subgruppen auf. Bei den Probanden ≥80 Jahren kam es in der Rumpfflexion zu einer Zunahme von 10,3\% (p=0,017), bei den pr{\"a}sarkopenen Probanden von 2,9\% (p=0,035) und bei den Multimorbiden von 16,3\% (p=0,001). Eine starke Rumpfvorderseite f{\"u}hrt zu einer aufrechten Haltung, erm{\"o}glicht Alltagsaktivit{\"a}ten wie Treppensteigen oder das Aufstehen von einem Stuhl und kann durch eine verbesserte Balance das Sturzrisiko vermindern. Bedeutsam ist auch, dass die Muskelmasse bei den pr{\"a}sarkopenen Probanden, unabh{\"a}ngig vom Training, signifikant gestiegen war und somit Sport auch bei einer reduzierten Muskelmasse sehr effektiv sein kann. Zudem verbesserte sich der CRT bei den pr{\"a}sarkopenen und multimorbiden Probanden signifikant, was umso erfreulicher ist, bedenkt man die Assoziation mit einer reduzierten F{\"a}higkeit von einem Stuhl aufzustehen und einer erh{\"o}hten Mortalit{\"a}t. Schlussendlich zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Studie, dass Trainingsmodalit{\"a}ten, die gezielt die Rumpfmuskulatur adressieren, wie z.B. ein speziell zusammengestelltes Krafttraining, auch in h{\"o}herem Alter und bei Vorliegen eines erh{\"o}hten Frakturrisikos positive Effekte erzielen und zu signifikanten Verbesserungen der Rumpfkraft f{\"u}hren k{\"o}nnen. Allerdings zeigen auch weniger spezifische low-impact Trainingskonzepte durchaus positive Entwicklungen und stellen vor allem eine sichere Alternative mit nur geringem Anforderungsprofil dar. Besonders erfreulich scheint vor allem die Verbesserung der Parameter der Probanden mit einem erh{\"o}hten Risiko f{\"u}r muskul{\"a}re Defizite unabh{\"a}ngig von der zugelosten Trainingsintervention. Diese Ergebnisse stellen eine wertvolle Grundlage f{\"u}r zuk{\"u}nftige Forschungsvorhaben dar, welchen unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der globalen demographischen Entwicklungen sicherlich erhebliche Bedeutung zukommen wird.}, subject = {Osteoporose}, language = {de} } @book{Wang2008, author = {Wang, Wen}, title = {Validation of shRNA clones for gene silencing in 293FT cells}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-25955}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2008}, abstract = {...}, subject = {shRNA}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Widmaier2023, author = {Widmaier, Louis}, title = {Die Regulation des Chemokinrezeptors CXCR4 durch Chemotherapeutika in Myelomzelllinien}, doi = {10.25972/OPUS-34568}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-345682}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Untersucht wurde der Einfluss mehrerer Chemotherapeutika auf den Chemokinrezeptor CXCR4 in Myelomzelllinien auf Ebene des Promotors, der mRNA und der Rezeptorverteilung, wobei drei Substanzen (Etoposid, Bortezomib und Dexamethason) als potenzielle Suppressoren des Promotors ausgemacht werden konnten. Abh{\"a}ngig vom Myelom-Zelltyp und der Dosierung k{\"o}nnen so evtl. R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse auf die beobachtete Suppression von CXCR4 bei erkrankten Patienten mit hoher CXCR4-Aktivit{\"a}t (hier: Malignes Myelom) durch die begleitende Chemotherapie gezogen werden, welche eine Diagnostik und Therapie bei diesen Patienten erschwert. Hintergrund: Hintergrund f{\"u}r diese Arbeit waren Beobachtungen in klinischen Fallstudien von Lapa et al. am Universit{\"a}tsklinikum W{\"u}rzburg, die sich auf CXCR4 bezogen, welches u.a. bei Patienten mit Multiplem Myelom {\"u}berexprimiert wird und dadurch bereits als Target f{\"u}r Diagnostik und Therapie in der Klinik Anwendung findet. Dabei konnte bei PET-CT Untersuchungen in der Nuklearmedizin beobachtet werden, dass es durch die begleitende Chemotherapie der Patienten zu einer Suppression des markierten CXCR4-Signals kam, so dass es nicht mehr zur Verlaufsbeobachtung und vor allem nicht mehr zur Radiotherapie und Therapiekontrolle verwendet werden konnte. Um den Einfluss und m{\"o}gliche Interaktionen der Chemotherapeutika auf CXCR4 zu untersuchen, war es Ziel dieser Arbeit, ein vergleichbares Szenario in-vitro nachzustellen und Einfl{\"u}sse messbar zu machen, um so m{\"o}gliche Ans{\"a}tze und Verbesserungsvorschl{\"a}ge f{\"u}r die klinische Anwendung zu liefern. Methoden/Ergebnisse: Hierf{\"u}r wurden im ersten Teil INA-6 (Myelomzellen) und Mesenchymale Stammzellen (MSC) kultiviert, in Ko-Kultur gebracht und nach einer bestimmten Zeit wieder getrennt, um anschließend den gegenseitigen Einfluss in Bezug auf CXCR4 zu messen. Zudem wurde der Einfluss von Dexamethason untersucht. Es zeigte sich eine enge Bindung zwischen INA-6 und MSC sowie eine hohe CXCR4-Aktivit{\"a}t bei INA-6, jedoch konnte keine Induktion der CXCR4-Aktivit{\"a}t in MSC durch INA-6-Kontakt oder Dexamethason quantifiziert werden. Die Immunzytologie erwies sich aufgrund einer schweren Anf{\"a}rbbarkeit von CXCR4 - auch mit verschiedensten Antik{\"o}rpern und sogar Liganden-gekoppeltem Farbstoff- als kaum auswertbar, wobei eine Darstellung von CXCR4 generell aber gelang. Der CXCR4-Promotor wurde mittels Software genauer analysiert, wobei einige relevante Bindestellen, u.a. f{\"u}r Glukokortikoide und NFkB gefunden wurden. Die Herstellung eines CXCR4- pGl4.14-Promotor-Konstrukts war erfolgreich, ebenso dessen Einschleusung in Myelomzellen. Auch gelang die Herstellung stabiler transfizierter INA-6, sodass mit diesen anschließend konstantere Ergebnisse erzielt werden konnten. Im gr{\"o}ßten Teil der Arbeit wurden geeignete Chemotherapeutika-Konzentrationen ermittelt und in Viabilit{\"a}ts- und Apoptose-Versuchen {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Die Stimulationsversuche mit diesen zeigten variable Effekte abh{\"a}ngig vom Zelltyp (INA-6, MM1S), jedoch konnten Bortezomib, Etoposid und Dexamethason konzentrationsabh{\"a}ngig als starke Suppressoren der CXCR4-Aktivit{\"a}t ausgemacht werden, was sich v.a. auf Ebene der Promotoraktivit{\"a}t - gemessen mittels Luciferase - zeigte. Interpretation: In-vitro konnten somit drei potenzielle Suppressoren der CXCR4-Aktivit{\"a}t ausgemacht werden: Etoposid, Bortezomib und Dexamethason. Zumindest beim INA-6-Zelltyp fiel dieser Effekt deutlich aus, wobei in der Klinik der entsprechende Zelltyp sowie die Dosierung der Medikamente ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden m{\"u}ssen. Hinzu kommen weitere Einflussfaktoren des menschlichen K{\"o}rpers, die nicht ber{\"u}cksichtig werden konnten. Die genauen Mechanismen der Suppression k{\"o}nnten sich aus den Bindestellen des Promotors erkl{\"a}ren, die von uns analysiert wurden, aber auf die in weiteren Arbeiten noch n{\"a}her eingegangen werden muss.}, subject = {Bortezomib}, language = {de} }