@phdthesis{Iuga2007,
  author    = {Iuga, Maria},
  title     = {Ab Initio and Finite Element Simulations of Material Properties in Multiphase Ceramics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-26246},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {In the present study numerical methods are employed within the framework of multiscale modeling. Quantum mechanics and finite element method simulations have been used in order to calculate thermoelastic properties of ceramics. At the atomic scale, elastic constants of ten different ceramics (Al2O3, alpha- and beta-SiC, TiO2-rutile and anatase, AlN, BN, CaF2, TiB2, ZrO2) were calculated from the first principles (ab-initio) using the density functional theory with the general gradient approximation. The simulated elastic moduli were compared with measured values. These results have shown that the ab-initio computations can be used independently from experiment to predict elastic behavior and can provide a basis for the modeling of structural and elastic properties of more complex composite ceramics. In order to simulate macroscopic material properties of composite ceramics from the material properties of the constituting phases, 3D finite element models were used. The influence of microstructural features such as pores and grain boundaries on the effective thermoelastic properties is studied through a diversity of geometries like truncated spheres in cubic and random arrangement, modified Voronoi polyhedra, etc. A 3D model is used for modeling the microstructure of the ceramic samples. The measured parameters, like volume fractions of the two phases, grain size ratios and grain boundary areas are calculated for each structure. The theoretical model is then varied to fit the geometrical data derived from experimental samples. The model considerations are illustrated on two types of bi-continuous materials, a porous ceramic, alumina (Al2O3) and a dense ceramic, zirconia-alumina composite (ZA). For the present study, alumina samples partially sintered at temperatures between 800 and 1320 C, with fractional densities between 58.4\% and 97\% have been used. For ZA ceramic the zirconia powder was partially stabilized and the ratio between alumina and zirconia was varied. For these two examples of ceramics, Young's modulus and thermal conductivity were calculated and compared to experimental data of samples of the respective microstructure. Comparing the experimental and simulated values of Young's modulus for Al2O3 ceramic a good agreement was obtained. For the thermal conductivity the consideration of thermal boundary resistance (TBR) was necessary. It was shown that for different values of TBR the experimental data lie within the simulated thermal conductivities. In the case of ZA ceramic also a good agreement between simulated and experimental values was observed. For smaller ZrO2 fractions, a larger Young's modulus and thermal conductivity was observed in the experimental samples. The discrepancies have been discussed by taking into account the effect of pressure. Considering the dependence of the thermoelastic properties on the pressure, it has been shown that the thermal stresses resulting from the cooling process were insufficient to explain the discrepancies between experimental and simulated thermoelastic properties.},
  subject      = {Finite-Elemente-Methode},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MillerWintzheimerPrieschletal.2021,
  author    = {Miller, Franziska and Wintzheimer, Susanne and Prieschl, Johannes and Strauss, Volker and Mandel, Karl},
  title     = {A Supraparticle-Based Five-Level-Identification Tag That Switches Information Upon Readout},
  series = {Advanced Optical Materials},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Advanced Optical Materials},
  number    = {4},
  doi       = {10.1002/adom.202001972},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224469},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Product identification tags are of great importance in a globalized world with increasingly complex trading routes and networks. Beyond currently used coding strategies, such as QR codes, higher data density, flexible application as well as miniaturization and readout indication are longed for in the next generation of security tags. In this work, micron-sized supraparticles (SPs) with encoded information (ID) are produced that not only exhibit multiple initially covert identification levels but are also irreversibly marked as "read" upon readout. To achieve this, lanthanide doped CaF\(_{2}\) nanoparticles are assembled in various quantity-weighted ratios via spray-drying in presence of a broad-spectrum stealth fluorophore (StFl), yielding covert spectrally encoded ID-SPs. Using these as pigments, QR codes, initially dominated by the green fluorescence of the StFl, could be generated. Upon thermal energy input, these particle-based tags irreversibly switch to an activated state revealing not only multiple luminescent colors but also spectral IDs. This strategy provides the next generation of material-based security tags with a high data density and security level that switch information upon readout and can be, therefore, used as seal of quality.},
  language  = {en}
}