@phdthesis{Himmel2021,
  author    = {Himmel, Marie-Christin},
  title     = {Phonetic and phonological variability in the L1 and L2 of late bilinguals: The case of /r/ and /l/},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-23933},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-239335},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {A large body of research has shown that a late bilingual's L1 and L2 phonetic categories influence each other, yielding deviations from monolingual norms in the phonetics of both languages. Existing models of L2 sound acquisition (e.g., the Speech Learning Model; Flege, 1995, 2007) predict unified phonetic spaces which accommodate both L1 and L2 sound categories. Such connections between an L1 and an L2 are believed to lead to persistent non-nativelikeness in the L2, but also to divergence from the monolingual norm in the L1, as shown in numerous studies (e.g., Bergmann et al., 2016). In this dissertation, I focus on the differences in the sound patterns of a bilingual's languages which do not only emerge in the precise phonetic realizations of L1 sounds but also in language-specific distributional patterns that determine the realization of these sound categories in different phonetic contexts. Previous work in L1 attrition is limited to a small set of phonetic properties (especially VOT, e.g., Flege, 1987), variables beyond L2 transfer which are known to give rise to variable realizations have been neglected. Thus, little is known as to whether bilinguals' realizations of an L1 sound category in different phonetic contexts (e.g., position within a syllable) are subject to change in L1 attrition, and whether such changes arise due to long-term exposure to different distributional patterns of an equivalent L2 category. In this dissertation I address these gaps by exploring L1 attrition in the distributional and phonetic characteristics of liquids to shed light on the contribution of the L2 and the role of general phonetic and phonological variables to the processes that drive change in an L1. I investigate changes to phonetic properties and distributional patterns of rhoticity and /l/-allophony in the L1 of American-German late bilinguals, a language constellation which offers an instructive test case to investigate the causes of L1 attrition as well as the source from which changes due to L1 attrition emerge. Furthermore, changes to liquids can also shed light on the processes which drive sound change, gradience and variability due to various positional and phonetic factors (e.g., preceding vowel, syllable structure) in liquids across many native varieties of English. In particular, I explore the variable realization and distributional patterns of two sounds known to be subject to a considerable degree of gradience and variability, namely English /r/ and /l/, in American English-German late bilinguals. To that end, I present the results of a production study of 12 L2-dominant American English-German late bilinguals as well as a monolingual control group for each language. The speakers performed a variety of production tasks which were aimed to elicit the realization of (non)-rhoticity and /l/-(non-)allophony in both languages of the late bilinguals, English and German which were analyzed auditorily (/r/ only) and acoustically (/r/ and /l/). Although L1 attrition of rhotics and laterals has been investigated previously (e.g., de Leeuw, 2008; Ulbrich \& Ordin, 2014), the effect of contextual variables on L1 attrition and whether such variables also shape L1 attrition remains unexplored. The results of the auditory analyses of postvocalic /r/ revealed that the late bilinguals showed non-convergence with monolingual (non-)rhoticity in both of their languages by vocalizing postvocalic /r/ more frequently in their L1 (English) and failing to entirely suppress rhoticity in their L2 (German) leading up to a higher degree of rhoticity in their L2. While the loss of rhoticity in the bilingual's English was distributed along a spectrum of contextual constraints (e.g., type of pre-rhotic vowel and morpho-phonological environment) known to affect rhoticity in other English varieties, the non-targetlike productions of non-rhoticity (i.e., non-vocalized postvocalic /r/) in their L2, German, were not sensitive to the same contextual constraints. The acoustic analyses of the bilinguals' rhotic productions in English and German differed from the monolinguals in the acoustic correlates of rhoticity in pre-rhotic vowels where they showed reduced anticipatory F3-lowering (i.e., less /r/-colored vowels). I take my results to indicate that the bilinguals operate in two separate phonological grammars which approximate the respective L1 norm but show an increase of variability along constraints already present in each grammar. In contrast, the bilinguals' phonetic system seem shared between the two grammars. This leads to persistent L1-L2-interactions as the two grammars operate within the same phonetic space. Thus, the changes in L1 attrition are induced but not governed by the L2: Change to the L1 reflects constraints underlying the L1 as well as more general laws of phonetics and universal trajectories of language change. The lateral results revealed that just like in postvocalic /r/, the bilinguals showed non-convergence with the monolingual norm regarding the velarization of coda /l/ in both their languages. The changes to English laterals were sensitive to their positional context and more substantial for word-initial laterals than word-final laterals. Similarly, their German laterals were non-convergent with the monolinguals in two ways. Firstly, the bilinguals differed with regard to the acoustic specifications of their laterals, and secondly, the bilinguals failed to suppress the lateral allophony from their L1, leading to a non-targetlike allophonic pattern in their L2 laterals. I interpret the lateral results to lack evidence that the L1 allophonic rule was affected by the presence of an L2; nevertheless, L1 change emerged in the phonetic specifications of laterals. Furthermore, the bilinguals did not establish a nativelike allophonic pattern in their L2, leading to non-convergence in the allophonic distribution as well as the phonetic realization of German laterals. In this way, this dissertation provides evidence for L1 attrition in the distributional and the phonetic properties of liquids in the L1 of late bilinguals. In particular, the study presented in this dissertation provides evidence that L1 attrition is induced by the presence of a similar sound pattern in the L2. The pathway of attrition follows constraints not only underlyingly present in the L1 but also part of the universal laws of phonetics known to shape sound change. To explain these results, I draw from existing constraint grammars in phonological theory (such as Optimality Theory and Harmonic Grammar) to develop my Dynamic Constraints approach which allows the effects of external variables (e.g., L2 acquisition and its effect on the mind), and internal variables such as an increased likelihood of variability due to articulatory differences can be modeled using scaling factors which can interact with each other, the noise within the grammars, and the constraint weight itself. In this way, the model links previous findings on L1 attrition and its connections to diachronic and synchronic variability, offering insights into the links between the individual languages in a bilingual's mind.},
  subject      = {Zweisprachigkeit},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Ruhe2001,
  author    = {Ruhe, Ernstpeter},
  title     = {Alain Robbe-Grillet: Le voyeur},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-237428},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Robbe-Grillet, Alain / Le voyeur},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{DomeneMoreno2021,
  author    = {Domene Moreno, Christina},
  title     = {Beyond transfer? The acquisition of an L3 phonology by Turkish-German bilinguals},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-23141},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-231411},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Der Erwerb des phonologischen Systems einer Drittsprache wurde bisher vor allem vor dem Hintergrund zweier Fragen betrachtet: (a) Welche Sprache oder Sprachen werden in die Zielsprache transferiert und (b) welche Rolle spielen inner- und außersprachliche Faktoren dabei? Hier sind grunds{\"a}tzlich drei Szenarien denkbar, welche sich auch in den im Forschungsfeld vorherrschenden theoretischen Ans{\"a}tzen wiederfinden. Bei einem bilingualen Sprecher, also einem Sprecher mit zwei Hintergrundsprachen, ist erstens der ausschließliche Transfer einer der Hintergrundsprachen m{\"o}glich, wobei f{\"u}r die Vorhersage der Sprache, die am wahrscheinlichsten transferiert wird, verschiedene Parameter vorgeschlagen wurden, wie beispielsweise das typologische Verh{\"a}ltnis der Hintergrund- und Zielsprachen untereinander oder der Status einer der beiden Hintergrundsprachen als Erst- bzw. Zweitsprache. Weiterhin ist Transfer aus beiden Sprachen denkbar, bei dem ausschließlich „n{\"u}tzliche", das heißt den Zielspracherwerb unterst{\"u}tzende Strukturen transferiert werden. Drittens kann gemischter Transfer, also der Transfer verschiedener Strukturen, aus beiden Hintergrundsprachen angenommen werden, der allerdings nicht unbedingt positiv ist, sondern stattdessen von vielf{\"a}ltigen Faktoren konditioniert wird. In anderen Worten wird hier die M{\"o}glichkeit angenommen, Strukturen aus beiden Hintergrundsprachen in die Zielsprache zu transferieren. Dieser letzte Ansatz entspricht am besten den bisherigen Forschungsergebnissen des Felds: W{\"a}hrend sich bei Betrachtung verschiedener Sprachkombinationen und verschiedener (und verschiedenartiger) phonologischer Strukturen f{\"u}r sich genommen kein einheitliches Muster erkennen l{\"a}sst, wird deutlich, dass gemischter Transfer m{\"o}glich ist - dies kommt vor allem bei Studien zu graduellen phonetischen Ph{\"a}nomenen wie konkreter Vokalqualit{\"a}t oder Voice Onset Time zum Ausdruck. Bisherige Studien haben sich auf einzelne phonologische oder phonetische Ph{\"a}nomene beschr{\"a}nkt, anhand derer die entsprechenden Ans{\"a}tze {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft wurden. Bisher gibt es keine systematischen Untersuchungen mehrerer verschiedener Ph{\"a}nomene an denselben Sprechern. Da allerdings davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass phonologische Ph{\"a}nomene unterschiedliche strukturelle Eigenschaften haben, ist genau dies n{\"o}tig. Um also die Mechanismen des gleichzeitigen Transfers mehrerer Sprachen auf eine Zielsprache, und somit auch die Interaktion der Hintergrundsprachen in Multilingualen besser zu verstehen, m{\"u}ssen mehrere phonologische Strukturen an denselben Sprechergruppen und mit denselben Methoden untersucht werden. Diese Forschungsl{\"u}cke will die vorliegende Arbeit schließen. Hierf{\"u}r wurde der Erwerb des Lautsystems der Drittsprache Englisch durch t{\"u}rkisch-deutsch bilinguale Lerner untersucht. Es wurden phonologische Strukturen des Englischen zur Untersuchung ausgew{\"a}hlt, die entweder im Deutschen (aber nicht im T{\"u}rkischen), im T{\"u}rkischen (aber nicht im Deutschen), oder in keiner der beiden Hintergrundsprachen vorkommen. Diese Unterteilung sollte dazu dienen den potentiellen Einfluss der jeweiligen Hintergrundsprache auf die Zielsprache identifizieren zu k{\"o}nnen. In zwei Studien wurden jeweils die Perzeption und die Produktion der obengenannten Strukturen an t{\"u}rkisch-deutsch Bilingualen sowie an einer monolingual deutschen Kontrollgruppe getestet. Studie 1 testete junge Lerner des Englischen in den ersten Lernjahren, w{\"a}hrend Studie 2 Studierende der Englischen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft testete. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurden extralinguistische Faktoren und biographische Details erhoben. In den beiden Studien sollte beantwortet werden, ob sich bilinguale und monolinguale Testpersonen in der Perzeption und/oder der Produktion der Zielstrukturen unterscheiden, ob diese Unterschiede durch Transfer aus den Hintergrundsprachen zu erkl{\"a}ren sind und, falls dies nicht durchgehend der Fall ist, welche anderen strukturellen oder extralinguistischen Faktoren herangezogen werden k{\"o}nnen, um die Ergebnisse zu erkl{\"a}ren. Zudem sollte gepr{\"u}ft werden, inwieweit Perzeption und Produktion zusammenh{\"a}ngen und welchen Effekt fortschreitender Spracherwerb hat. Die Ergebnisse der beiden Studien dieser Arbeit best{\"a}tigen die Vermutung, die anhand der Kombination aus verschiedenen vorausgehenden Studien getroffen wurden: Transfer findet ausgehend von beiden Hintergrundsprachen statt, er kann positiv und negativ sein, und er wird von strukturellen Faktoren konditioniert. So zeigte sich im Vergleich ein deutlicher Einfluss - sowohl positiv wie auch negativ - des T{\"u}rkischen auf die Perzeption und Produktion des Englischen bei den bilingualen Sprechern, aber ebenso ein Einfluss des Deutschen. Weiterhin konnte der gleichzeitige Einfluss beider Hintergrundsprachen auf einzelne Strukturen belegt werden. Perzeption und Produktion stehen bei keiner der Sprechergruppen in einer direkten Korrelation, allerdings kann anhand der Ergebnisse Perzeption als einer der Faktoren angenommen werden, der einen Einfluss auf die Produktion der zielsprachlichen Struktur hat. Als weitere Faktoren konnten der Grad der Markiertheit der Struktur, ihre artikulatorische Komplexit{\"a}t sowie das Fehlen eines artikulatorischen Ankers identifiziert werden. Eine Verschiebung der Transferquellen fand zwischen den beiden Studien, also bedingt durch fortgeschrittenen Erwerb, nicht statt. Es konnte allerdings gezeigt werden, dass Nachteile, die aufgrund der Hintergrundsprachen den Sprechergruppen entstanden, in der {\"a}lteren Gruppe h{\"a}ufig ausgeglichen werden konnten. Die Erkl{\"a}rungsans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r das Autreten von CLI-Effekten waren abh{\"a}ngig von den Eigenschaften der einzelnen abgepr{\"u}ften Strukturen und konnten nicht systematisch verallgemeinert werden. Dies best{\"a}tigte die wenig einheitlichen Einzelergebnisse vorhergehender Studien f{\"u}r die Perzeption und Produktion mehrerer verschiedener phonologischer Strukturen durch dieselben Sprechergruppen. So konnten methodische oder gruppeninterne Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r die sich widersprechenden Ergebnisse erstmals ausgeschlossen werden. Im vorletzten Kapitel dieser Arbeit werden darauf aufbauend alternative Gr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r die Ergebnisse erarbeitet. Hierf{\"u}r wird das Konzept des komplexen verschachtelten (complex interlaced) eingef{\"u}hrt, das chaostheoretische Ans{\"a}tze mit der Annahme einer hierarchischen Bit-Struktur verbindet. Die vorliegende Arbeit tr{\"a}gt zu aktuellen Debatten im Bereich der Drittsprachforschung insofern bei, als dass sie als erste mehrere phonologische „Einheiten" (bits), also Phoneme, Allophone, Prozesse etc., an den gleichen Sprechern testet. Dadurch wurde deutlich, dass die konkrete Struktur phonologischer Systeme in den Mittelpunkt der Forschung zum Drittspracherwerb r{\"u}cken muss, damit vorhandene Muster erkennbar werden k{\"o}nnen. Zudem wird vorgeschlagen, verst{\"a}rkt auf Forschungsergebnisse und Theorien aus anderen Bereichen, wie beispielsweise dem Sprachwandel, der Variet{\"a}tenlinguistik und der Kontaktlinguistik zur{\"u}ckzugreifen, um letztendlich Forschung am Drittspracherwerb f{\"u}r den theoretischen Erkenntnisgewinn nutzbar zu machen.},
  subject      = {Englisch},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Schaub2012,
  author    = {Schaub, Kerstin},
  title     = {As Written in the Flesh. The Human Body as Medium of Cultural Identity and Memory in Fiction from New Zealand},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-78336},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {This dissertation focuses on selected novels written by contemporary indigenous authors from Aotearoa/New Zealand and examines the fictional imagination of the human body as a medium of cultural identity and memory. The novels discussed are Keri Hulme's »The Bone People« (1984), »Nights in the Gardens of Spain« (1995) and »The Uncle's Story« (2000) by Witi Ihimaera as well as James George's »Hummingbird« (2003). In order to further decolonisation processes and to come to terms with the colonial past and the complexity of present realities, the fictional works position the human body as an active entity in the negotiation of specific cultural epistemologies. This project explores the narrative translation of corporeality that is used to locate alternative concepts of identity and cultural memory. Taking into account indigenous perspectives, this thesis makes use of the current theoretical approaches presented by pragmatism and affect theory in order to analyse the investment of the novels in feeling and the reciprocal relationship between text and corporeality depicted by the narratives. On the one hand, the novels aim to undermine oppressive and marginalising categories by placing particular emphasis on »sensuous gaps« in the text. On the other hand, the narratives intend to construct alternative identities and evoke specific aspects of indigenous histories and knowledge by imagining the human body in terms of »sensuous inscription«. The novels portray individuals who act from a place in-between different cultures, and articulate a desire to dissolve polarities and emphasise individual and cultural transformation as a formative element in the creation of complex identities and new perspectives.},
  subject      = {Postkoloniale Literatur},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WinterFroemel2021,
  author    = {Winter-Froemel, Esme},
  title     = {Ulrich Detges (2. April 1958-7. Februar 2021)},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r romanische Philologie},
  volume    = {137},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r romanische Philologie},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {1865-9063},
  doi       = {10.1515/zrp-2021-0071},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250801},
  pages     = {1299 -- 1302},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Kein Abstract verf{\"u}gbar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Goldschmitt2021,
  author    = {Goldschmitt, Stefanie},
  title     = {Sandra Issel-Dombert, Sprachgeschichte als Textsortengeschichte. Zur Linguistik der Beschwerde am Beispiel der «cahiers de dol{\´e}ances» (Analecta Romanica, 89), Frankfurt am Main, Vittorio Klostermann, 2019, XVI + 480 p.},
  series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r romanische Philologie},
  volume    = {137},
  journal   = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r romanische Philologie},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {1865-9063},
  doi       = {10.1515/zrp-2021-0051},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-250823},
  pages     = {1216 -- 1221},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Kein Abstract verf{\"u}gbar.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Buettner2012,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {B{\"u}ttner, Anja},
  title     = {Internationalismen im Grundwortschatz: Untersuchungen zur romanistischen Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-83501},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {In dieser Arbeit wird an Hand eines H{\"a}ufigkeitsw{\"o}rterbuches des Italienischen (Lessico di frequenza dell'italiano parlato von De Mauro et al. 1993) untersucht, wie sich Kenntnisse anderer Sprachen, des Deutschen, Englischen und Franz{\"o}sischen und/oder Spanischen, auf das Verstehen und Lernen von 2500 der h{\"a}ufigsten W{\"o}rter des Italienischen auswirken. Damit soll ein Beitrag geleistet werden zur mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktischen Fragestellung, wie viele W{\"o}rter des italienischen Grundwortschatzes aus anderen Sprachen schon bekannt sind und wie viele noch gelernt werden m{\"u}ssen, was mit konkreten Zahlen belegt werden soll.},
  subject      = {Internationalismus},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Ruhe1995,
  author    = {Ruhe, Ernstpeter},
  title     = {Le texte autophage : l'ordre dans Le D{\´e}sordre de Rachid Boudjedra},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-101994},
  year      = {1995},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Bū-Ǧadra, Rašīd},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{Ruhe2007,
  author    = {Ruhe, Ernstpeter},
  title     = {Faire gondoler Proust : l'art du l{\´e}ger trembl{\´e} de Jean-Philippe Toussaint},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-102017},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Romanistik},
  language  = {fr}
}
@incollection{Ruhe1995,
  author    = {Ruhe, Ernstpeter},
  title     = {Orienttr{\"a}ume und Europam{\"u}digkeit : Deutsche Algerienreisende im 19. Jahrhundert},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-102042},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1995},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Geschichte 1800-1900},
  language  = {de}
}
@unpublished{Kiesler1992,
  author    = {Kiesler, Reinhard},
  title     = {A prop{\´o}sito dos arabismos na l{\´i}ngua portuguesa},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-83608},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {Der Aufsatz beschreibt die portugiesischen W{\"o}rter arabischen Ursprungs, und zwar unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten: im Vergleich mit den Arabismen des Spanischen, Katalanischen und Italienischen; die Anzahl der portugiesischen Arabismen, ihre lexikalische Struktur, ihre Verteilung nach Sachbereichen und ihre geographische Verbreitung. Untersucht werden nur sichere und direkte Arabismen, die heute noch geb{\"a}uchlich sind. Einige Anmerkungen zum inneren Lehngut (Lehn{\"u}bersetzung, Lehnbedeutung u.{\"a}.) schließen den Artikel ab.},
  subject      = {Portugiesisch},
  language  = {pt}
}
@misc{Ritz2013,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Ritz, Theresa},
  title     = {Interkomprehension im gegenw{\"a}rtigen Westeuropa : Internationalismen im romanischen Grundwortschatz},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-83855},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Die Arbeit untersucht 2500 W{\"o}rter des italienischen Grundwortschatzes in einem f{\"u}nfsprachigen Vergleich. Sie erg{\"a}nzt damit die an gleicher Stelle erschienene Magisterarbeit „Internationalismen im Grundwortschatz: Untersuchungen zur romanistischen Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik" von Anja B{\"u}ttner (2012). Hier werden nun die Ergebnisse beider Untersuchungen zusammengefasst. Dabei werden erstmalig konkrete Zahlen zur Beantwortung der Frage vorgestellt, wie viele W{\"o}rter z.B. ein deutscher Muttersprachler, der Franz{\"o}sisch gelernt hat und nun italienische Texte lesen will, tats{\"a}chlich lernen muss, um die 5000 h{\"a}ufigsten W{\"o}rter erkennen und damit durchschnittliche Texte nahezu vollst{\"a}ndig verstehen zu k{\"o}nnen.},
  subject      = {Wortschatz},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{Bach1977,
  author    = {Bach, Ulrich},
  title     = {Das Testament als literarische Form: Versuch einer Gattungsbestimmung auf der Grundlage englischer Texte},
  isbn      = {3-87784-023-X},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47204},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1977},
  abstract  = {Literary imitations of the testament form have a European tradition going back to classical times and constitute a neglected part of English literature. Although examples appear from the 14th century onwards, no thorough study of last wills and testaments as a specific form of English literature has been undertaken. This neglect may be because, within the broad field of the literary idea of 'legacy', parodies of the testament form ('mock testaments') and serious imitations ('lovers' testaments' etc.) appear in nearly every genre as either single texts or parts of larger ones, themselves crossing the genre boundaries. Then too, a large number of literary testaments come under the heading of 'minor literature' , such as shortlived pamphlets and broadsides. Yet the use which major authors like Shakespeare and Donne made of the literary testament shows that it had become an established form in the 16th century. The texts under examination here would normally be referred to as courtly love poems, political pamphlets, jests, cook-books, nursery rhymes, epic poems, autobiographical verse (Chatterton's Will), modern poems (yeats, Auden and McNeice) or as parts of masques, plays or novels. The aim is to show that one can legitimately speak of all these texts as belonging to a single literary category. In addition to adescription of the history of the literary testament in England, the central problem of this study was one of generic form. The attempt has been made to apply recent ideas of genre theory, i.e., the structuralist generative approach, to texts imitating a non-literary or utility document. This non-literary model is narrowly defined by criteria set by the Church and the Law. Thus it becomes possible to proceed as if the model were the generic norm of a corpus of greatly varying literary texts, thereby avoiding the problems of defming and re-defming selective principles (and of the need to assume a hypothetical 'first form') for the gathering of texts. The testament is a private re cord especially weil suited for studies of this kind because of its traditional fixed form and wide popularization from the Middle Ages onwards. In its complexity, the testament allows for more variation of style, content and purpose than does the letter, but is more disciplined in its form. In categorizing the testaments as such, it is necessary to study contemporary connotations and to defme the basic structure of the model. A selection of genuine, nonficticious testaments drawn up by members of the University of Cambridge in the 16th century has been examined for this purpose. (The 16th and 17th centuries can be taken as the most productive of literary testament writing.) There seems to exist a dichotomy in the testament itself; on the one hand there are mundane considerations (bequeathing of property) and on the other thoughts directed towards the life to come. Ihis dichotomy is observable not only on the content level, but also on the formal level and the semantic level. Ihe relation between the two testamentary elements, which is characterized by polarization, can be postulated as the basic structure of the testament and as the genre norm of the literary texts examined here. Taking into account the fact that the testament has been of varying importance in various ages, a wide selection of literary imitations of the testament from Chaucer to Yeats and after is studied in detail. A distinction may be drawn between mock testaments and serious imitations, with the former representing rebellion against the exalted authorities behind the testament. When the theoretical rebellion coincides with the practical function of satire or attack in a particular case, then the mock testament is raised to a true literary form. The serious imitation, on the other hand, makes use of the metaphysical element of the testament, and is directed to a worldly being or to the 'human condition' (as in examples drawn from the modern poets). Its problems and aim assign this study to the wider fjeld of genre research, particularly research into the relationship between genuine documents (utility texts) and their literary imitations.},
  subject      = {Englisch},
  language  = {de}
}
@book{BachWolff1980,
  author    = {Bach, Ulrich and Wolff, Dieter},
  title     = {Ausgew{\"a}hlte Bibliographie zur Psycholinguistik und Sprachpsychologie},
  isbn      = {3-589-20757-4},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47220},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1980},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Psycholinguistik},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Bach1989,
  author    = {Bach, Ulrich},
  title     = {Oral rhetoric in writings for a mixed literate and illiterate audience},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47124},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{Bach1982,
  author    = {Bach, Ulrich},
  title     = {Kommentierte Bibliographie englischer literarischer Testamente vom 14. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert},
  isbn      = {3-533-03182-9},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-47190},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {1982},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {Englisch},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Dittmann2021,
  author    = {Dittmann, Lara A.},
  title     = {Sprach- und Kommunikationsnuancen in literarischen Interspeziesbegegnungen - Juan Ram{\´o}n Jim{\´e}nezʼ Platero y yo (1914/1917) und Thomas Manns Herr und Hund (1919)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305658},
  pages     = {55-71},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The encounter with non-human animals has always been a major preoccupation in the (philosophical) quest of understanding the human (condition). Of course, they are not only present in literary texts, but also in other media such as music and art. We consider ourselves aware of their selves, natures and skills as well as their sensory perceptions. Indeed, the ways we interact with non-human animals in everyday life and in the fictional world, how we perceive, think and talk about them as well as how we communicate with them are often related to our own self-perceptions in the social collective and in social-historical discourse. If we take a closer look at literary interspecies relations, we can detect clear shades in language and communication. Based on the approaches of Human-Animal Studies, this article deals with those nuances regarding animal-human encounters in Juan Ram{\´o}n Jim{\´e}nez' Platero y yo (1914/1917) and Thomas Mann's Herr und Hund (1919) in a comparative perspective. In addition to this, a special focus is placed on the effect these elements can have on (inter)acting literary subjects as well as on extra-textual recipients.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Henk2021,
  author    = {Henk, Lars Thorben},
  title     = {«We're on the road to nowhere» - Felwine Sarrs narrativer Weg in die Afrotopie},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305662},
  pages     = {73-90},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {According to the Senegalesian scholar Felwine Sarr who conceives an African utopia in his programmatic essay Afrotopia (2016), this Afrotopos has already germinated in contemporary African literature. However, it still needs to be enquired to what extent the narrated topos of the street in Sarr's own anthology 105 Rue Carnot (2011) has already realized the Afrotopos. In order to respond to this question, we would like to mobilise Michel Foucault's concept of heterotopia, which elaborates on the interactions between truth production/knowledge, power and space, and permits us to conceive of «les lieux utopiques» (Foucault 2005: 40) as actually locatable on the map and real other places outside of all places (cf. Foucault 1994: 755). Thus, in the street, a different relationship between global North and South is founded, which becomes legible as an African «utopie localis{\´e}e» (Foucault 2005: 41) that Sarr calls for in Afrotopia (2016).},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Kneifel2021,
  author    = {Kneifel, Malte},
  title     = {Futur-Formen und ihre Funktionen im Portugu{\^e}s Arcaico},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305673},
  pages     = {91-109},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This article aims to trace the development of different verb forms that express future tense of Old Portuguese from the 13th to the 15th century by analyzing a historical text corpus. During this period, Portuguese future tense could be expressed through one synthetical as well as two analytical morphological verb constructions. Adapting an analytic model formerly employed by the Mexican researcher Concepci{\´o}n Company Company for an investigation of similar future tense forms in Old Spanish, this article seeks to point out that the use of the different verb forms in Portuguese followed distinct functions regarding aspects of both information structure as well as modality.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Klamp2021,
  author    = {Klamp, Yannic},
  title     = {Alma und {\´a}nima in spanisch-zapotekischen Evangelisierungswerken: die Translation des Konzepts Seele im kolonialen Missionskontext (Neu-Spanien, 16.-18. Jh.)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305681},
  pages     = {111-130},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The arrival of the Spanish in present-day Oaxaca, Mexico, led to manifold communicative challenges and was the origin of the first written documents in the local indigenous languages. This paper focuses on Spanish-Zapotec translations produced by Christian missionaries during the colonial period. In this context, it aims to investigate the expression of the concept of soul in their catechisms and confesionarios by analyzing chronologically how different authors apply the Spanish synonyms alma and {\´a}nima. On the one hand, we can observe some similar tendencies in central Mexican documents for the early colonial period so that we can assume that the corpus was influenced by Nahuatl translations. On the other hand, there is an independent development in Spanish-Zapotec translations not only regarding the target text but also the source text.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Scholz2021,
  author    = {Scholz, Janek},
  title     = {S{\´e}rgio Zimbas Covid-19-Karikaturen im Kontext {\"o}ffentlicher Gesundheitsf{\"u}rsorge in Mosambik},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305692},
  pages     = {133-155},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The article deals with the educational comics of the Mozambican artist S{\´e}rgio Zimba, especially in the context of the current pandemic situation caused by Covid-19. First, comics from and comic research on Africa will be presented, especially in their repercussion within the German-language comics landscape. This will be followed by a discussion of the special situation in lusophone Africa, exemplified and illustrated by the works of the Mozambican cartoonist S{\´e}rgio Zimba. The article closes with a brief comparison of Zimba's work with the cartoons of S{\´e}rgio Pi{\c{c}}arra from Angola, to better classify the artist's work.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{OPUS4-30571,
  title     = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik. Band 7 (2021)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7/2021},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  editor    = {Bobineau, Julien and Dembruk, Sofina and Eibensteiner, Lukas and Goldmann, Julius and Hesselbach, Robert and Koch, Christian and Ravasio, Paola},
  isbn      = {978-3-946101-06-2},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305711},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Die Zeitschrift promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik erscheint einmal j{\"a}hrlich und wird durch den gemeinn{\"u}tzigen Verein promptus e.V. herausgegeben. Sie richtet sich an alle Nachwuchswissenschaftler im Bereich der romanistischen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft sowie der Fachdidaktik und bietet diesen die M{\"o}glichkeit, in einem fr{\"u}hen Stadium ihrer akademischen Laufbahn qualitativ hochwertige Arbeiten zu publizieren. Zudem versteht sich die Zeitschrift als Impulsgeber f{\"u}r junge romanistische Forschung, ohne sich dabei thematisch zu beschr{\"a}nken.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Christmann2021,
  author    = {Christmann, Tim},
  title     = {Grenzerfahrung, Grenz{\"u}berschreitung, Grenz{\"u}berwindung: Das Falkland/Malvinas Malvinas-Trauma in Lola Arias' Film Teatro de Guerra (2018)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305577},
  pages     = {17-33},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This article will examine the cinematic approach to the trauma of the Falklands/Malvinas War in Lola Ariasʼ film Teatro de Guerra (AR/ES, 2018). The armed conflict between Ar-gentina and Great Britain in 1982 can be understood as a traumatic liminal experience, whose artistic reception pushes conventional aesthetics to their limits and calls for innova-tive representational strategies. Based on a cultural studies approach to the Falklands/Mal-vinas War as a collective trauma, this contribution will highlight selected moments of aes-thetic border crossing in Teatro de Guerra, by which the film succeeds in transcending boundaries between former enemies of the war.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{deCringis2021,
  author    = {de Cringis, Patricia},
  title     = {100 Jahre Vokalschw{\"a}chung in den tierras altas: historische Perspektiven eines (zu) wenig beachteten Aussprachemerkmal},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305638},
  pages     = {35-52},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper deals with the origin of the hundred-year old theory of tierras bajas and tierras altas, focusing on the description of vowel weakening within that theory developed in 1921 by Henr{\´i}quez Ure{\~n}a. I argue that the early conception of vowel weakening and its dialectal distribution has strongly influenced the kind of research we have been conducting about this phonetic feature to this day. The aim of this study therefore, is to sharpen our understanding of the former zeitgeist of research and to stimulate further big data-based studies on vowel weakening overcoming the traditional dialectal division of tierras bajas and tierras altas.},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Heisters2023,
  author    = {Heisters, Anne},
  title     = {Women as Other? - Women and Other},
  series = {Global Cultural Studies? Engaged Scholarship between National and Transnational Frames},
  booktitle = {Global Cultural Studies? Engaged Scholarship between National and Transnational Frames},
  editor    = {Jetter, Tobias},
  publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  doi       = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-207-2-59},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305875},
  publisher      = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  pages     = {59-72},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Feminismus},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Rishi2023,
  author    = {Rishi, Tushar},
  title     = {Marxism and Contemporary Cultural Studies},
  series = {Global Cultural Studies? Engaged Scholarship between National and Transnational Frames},
  booktitle = {Global Cultural Studies? Engaged Scholarship between National and Transnational Frames},
  editor    = {Jetter, Tobias},
  publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  doi       = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-207-2-79},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305882},
  publisher      = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  pages     = {79-85},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Kulturwissenschaften},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ApostolidisGkarpousisKoch2017,
  author    = {Apostolidis -Gkarpousis, Alexandros and Koch, Christian},
  title     = {Convergences et divergences dans les articles «Langage» de Louis de Jaucourt et «Langue» de Nicolas Beauz{\´e}e. Une comparaison de deux articles de l'Encyclop{\´e}die de Diderot et D'Alembert},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2510-2613},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172843},
  pages     = {19-36},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The two articles of «Langage» and «Langue», published in 1765 in the 9th volume of the great French Encyclop{\´e}die by Diderot and D'Alembert, treat some essential philosophical questions on the human ability of communication with linguistic signs. Nevertheless, as the two authors Jaucourt and Beauz{\´e}e did not share completely identic points of view, the comparative lecture of both articles reveals a complementary perspective, particularly relating to the origin of language as a divine gift or humans' creation for communicative needs. A further aspect of divergence concerns the textual composition of the article « Langage » as a structured informative text, and the article « Langue » as a long and freely composed writing including personal remarks by the author. The following article deals with the potential of approaches to the Encyclop{\´e}die in modern linguistics, concretely demonstrated in the comparative analysis of these two articles.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{EibensteinerKoch2018,
  author    = {Eibensteiner, Lukas and Koch, Christian},
  title     = {El uso de los tiempos del pasado en espa{\~n}ol como lengua extranjera: Una comparaci{\´o}n de aprendientes escolares austriacos con pol{\´i}glotas rom{\´a}nicos},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-187955},
  pages     = {21-42},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The normative use of past tenses is supposed to be a big challenge for learners of Spanish. Although they might understand the grammatical chapter in theory, adequate past tense use in spontaneous oral production is not guaranteed. Morphological errors, overgeneralizations of tenses and interferences with other languages characterize the interlanguage of the learners. Based on two corpuses, we analyse how the past tense use differs between secondary school students from Austria and Romance polyglots. Qualitative and quantitative analyses show that polyglot speakers surpass the secondary school students in some areas such as the distinction of verbal aspect. However, the students tend less to use the perfecto compuesto in an inadequate way in narration.},
  subject      = {Vergangenheitstempus},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Hennemann2016,
  author    = {Hennemann, Anja},
  title     = {El marcador (yo) pienso (que) y sus diferentes funciones},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2510-2613},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161627},
  pages     = {99-120},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {In this paper, the different uses and functions of (yo) pienso (que) are analysed. The examples demonstrate that (yo) pienso (que) fulfils various functions. It is used as a marker of cognitive attitude concerning the proposition (that is, the speaker expresses his validative attitude or an inference), as a pragmatic marker or as a cognitive particle. In this study, we introduce the term 'cognitive particle' in order to describe the use of (yo) pienso (que) when its use serves to gain time in processing the enunciation or to structure the speaker's thoughts. The empirical data are on the one hand retrieved from the corpus programme CREA, of debates and interviews focusing on peninsular Spanish, and on the other hand from GlossaNet, more precisely from the newspapers El Pa{\´i}s and El Mundo. This analysis is a qualitative one because we do not focus on the frequency of the different functions. Instead, we want to illustrate the various functions (yo) pienso (que) fulfils.},
  subject      = {Diskursmarker},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Kailich2018,
  author    = {Kailich, Franziska},
  title     = {Esquemas sint{\´a}cticos en el espa{\~n}ol est{\´a}ndar europeo contempor{\´a}neo},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-187963},
  pages     = {45-69},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {This article summarises an examination of sentence patterns in modern European standard Spanish, in order to give an answer to the following questions: How many different sentence patterns are there and which are the most frequent patterns in modern European Spanish? Based on the principles of verb valency, as established by Lucien Tesni{\`e}re and further developed by Ulrich Engel and others, a corpus of 500 sentences is analysed, identifying the sentence patterns of the main clauses. The analysis shows 19 different sentence patterns, the most frequent of which is p-s-cd, that is, predicate - subject - direct object. Subsequently, the results are compared to those of a different study on Spanish sentence patterns.},
  subject      = {Spanisch},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Hagen2019,
  author    = {Hagen, Clemens},
  title     = {Ver y ser visto: Intelectualidad y falsa erudici{\´o}n en La Regenta},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-221822},
  pages     = {39-56},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Investigations focusing on the social criticism in La Regenta (1884-1885) by Leopoldo Alas «Clar{\´i}n» have constantly referred to the unmasking of society's hypocrisy and provincialism through the implementation of satire and irony in the novel. This observation, though, has to be defined more clearly. Vetustan society, specifically the bourgeoisie, is characterized primarily by the incessant exhibition of supposed wisdom and intelligentsia in public to generate social prestige and power. By analyzing the narrative strategies which are related to the composition of the secondary characters, the role of two specific public venues (Casino and Theatre of Vetusta) and the (de)construction of P. Ronzal, P. Guimar{\´a}n and S. Berm{\´u}dez in the novel, this article illustrates how false wisdom and pseudo-intelligentsia become central motifs regarding social criticism in La Regenta.},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Kurth2018,
  author    = {Kurth, Sarah},
  title     = {La semi{\´o}tica escenogr{\´a}fica en Todo lo dem{\´a}s (2016), de Natalia Almada},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-187979},
  pages     = {71-91},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In the wake of the general tendency towards slow cinema which has been evolving in Mexican cinema, cinematographic devices have gained importance not only with regard to the construction of a persuasive narrative but also in terms of the aesthetic constitution of the movie itself. Not only is this observation evident in the absence of camera movements but also in the semiotic depth of mise en sc{\`e}ne resulting from this circumstance. Natalia Almada's movie Todo lo dem{\´a}s (2016) provides an impressive example of both the repercussions of this technique in the representation of loneliness as well as the suggestive power of the scenographical composition. Hence, the ensuing analysis of those scenes referring to water is to elucidate the semiotics of mise en sc{\`e}ne and its influence on the representation of the main character and the repetitive routine constricting her freedom.},
  language  = {es}
}
@article{Kailich2022,
  author    = {Kailich, Franziska},
  title     = {The Introduction of English-induced neologisms in Spanish tweets: a case-study on covidiota},
  series = {Frontiers in Communication},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Communication},
  issn      = {2297-900X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fcomm.2022.780340},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-274064},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This paper intends to trace the introduction of an English-induced, COVID-related neologism, covidiota, into the Spanish language. The study is based on a corpus of tweets, starting in March 2020. It examines several specific features which mark the word as a new, unfamiliar item, such as different ways of graphical highlighting, for example. On the other hand, the paper aims to detect possible indicators of an integration of covidiota into the Spanish language use in the tweet corpus compiled for this case study.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaumgaertnerKernLevenetal.2021,
  author    = {Baumg{\"a}rtner, Ingrid and Kern, Manfred and Leven, Karl-Heinz and Toepfer, Regina},
  title     = {Mittelalter erschließen},
  series = {Das Mittelalter},
  volume    = {26},
  journal   = {Das Mittelalter},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {0949-0345},
  doi       = {0.17885/heiup.1mial.2021.1.24310},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-299110},
  pages     = {68-86},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Research communication has been gaining public attention in recent years. Therefore, medievalists also need to focus on the transfer of their research topics to the public both within and outside the university. Based on current political demands calling for a change in communication culture, the article first of all deals theoretically with two different concepts of research communication, by distinguishing between forms of translation and those of popularization. Numerous public events, exhibitions, and cooperative projects with cities, schools, adult education centres, museums, and other educational institutions show that knowledge about the Middle Ages has been trans-mitted to interested laypersons for a long time. The authors see a particular challenge in the alterity of medieval culture, which at the same time provides an excellent opportunity for transferring research findings into society. The fascination with medieval materiality facilitates the transfer of knowledge by those disciplines that work with concrete objects, addressing issues of visuality and aesthetic experience. The article pinpoints conditions, strategies, and perspectives of successful research communication in medieval studies, and when focussing on cur-rent topics, the authors refer to concrete occasions and regional examples, showing why medieval research is still relevant today.},
  subject      = {Wissenschaftskommunikation},
  language  = {de}
}
@incollection{Maniruzzaman2022,
  author    = {Maniruzzaman, Md.},
  title     = {Blended Learning in the New Normal: EFL Student and Teacher Perceptions and Reactions},
  series = {Studies in Modern English},
  booktitle = {Studies in Modern English},
  editor    = {Lazebna, Nataliia and Kumar, Dinesh},
  publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  doi       = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-199-0-81},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-296508},
  publisher      = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  pages     = {81-104},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {To reopen educational institutions and return to the classroom, we all need to modify how we act to successfully face the challenges of the new normal resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and entailing our insights into and the after-effects of the pandemic. More specifically, the new normal might encompass online education we are getting used to during the pandemic and the age-old onsite education as well. Thoughtfully integrated, online and onsite learning combine to create blended learning. However, the pertinent literature reveals that English as a foreign language (EFL) students and teachers differently perceive and react to blended learning in diverse contexts. This study was designed to explore student and teacher perceptions of and reactions to blended learning in the Department of English, Jahangirnagar University in the new normal. Fifty undergraduates of EFL and eight teachers of the department participated in the study. To collect data from them, the Student Questionnaire and the Teacher Questionnaire were used. And the data were processed by applying the SPSS programme module. The findings revealed that the majority of the students and the teachers had mostly positive perceptions of blended learning, although the former did not have sufficient exposure to online learning and the latter lacked adequate insights into online teaching. Further, both the students and the teachers expressed mostly positive reactions to blended learning in the new normal, though the former deemed online examinations inadequately smooth and reliable, and the latter had insufficient experience of online instruction and assessment. The study categorically recommends reforming the curriculum, adopting relevant instructional strategies, developing suitable materials, customizing the assessment, integrating and installing technology, training the teachers, upskilling the students for blended learning, improving the infrastructure, and adjusting the management.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{OPUS4-32981,
  title     = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik. Band 8 (2022)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {8/2022},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  editor    = {Bobineau, Julien and Dembruk, Sofina and Eibensteiner, Lukas and Goldmann, Julius and Hesselbach, Robert and Koch, Christian and Ravasio, Paola},
  isbn      = {978-3-946101-08-6},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-329813},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Die Zeitschrift promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik erscheint einmal j{\"a}hrlich und wird durch den gemeinn{\"u}tzigen Verein promptus e.V. herausgegeben. Sie richtet sich an alle Nachwuchswissenschaftler im Bereich der romanistischen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft sowie der Fachdidaktik und bietet diesen die M{\"o}glichkeit, in einem fr{\"u}hen Stadium ihrer akademischen Laufbahn qualitativ hochwertige Arbeiten zu publizieren. Zudem versteht sich die Zeitschrift als Impulsgeber f{\"u}r junge romanistische Forschung, ohne sich dabei thematisch zu beschr{\"a}nken.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Schneider2022,
  author    = {Schneider, Melanie},
  title     = {« [C]'est absurde d'{\^e}tre bloqu{\´e} sur une autoroute » - Das Motiv des Staus in der zeitgen{\"o}ssischen romanischen Literatur},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-329807},
  pages     = {165-180},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Due to an ever-increasing number of automobiles on the roads, automobility fails more and more to fulfil its promise of free individual mobility, leading to traffic density and congestions of unprecedented proportions. However, those conditions seem to possess an aesthetic potential which we seek to analyze in terms of literature. Therefore, we are going to look on three novels from Romance-language areas: Julio Cort{\´a}zar's short story La autopista del sur (1966), Carlo Lucarelli's novel Autosole (1998) and Gr{\´e}goire Gauchet's novel Les robinsons de l'autoroute (2018). First, we will analyze the nature of deceleration/congestion by referring to human geographer Tim Cresswell's concept of friction. Second, we will examine recurring motifs linked to the deceleration/congestion in all novels before taking a closer look at Gauchet's novel where the friction not only applies to traffic but also to human relationships. The aim is to look at different literary representations of an everyday experience like traffic congestion and to see how literature deals with such an occurrence.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{SenaratneMuehlbauerKiefletal.2023,
  author    = {Senaratne, Hansi and M{\"u}hlbauer, Martin and Kiefl, Ralph and C{\´a}rdenas, Andrea and Prathapan, Lallu and Riedlinger, Torsten and Biewer, Carolin and Taubenb{\"o}ck, Hannes},
  title     = {The Unseen — an investigative analysis of thematic and spatial coverage of news on the ongoing refugee crisis in West Africa},
  series = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
  number    = {4},
  issn      = {2220-9964},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijgi12040175},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-313607},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The fastest growing regional crisis is happening in West Africa today, with over 8 million people considered persons of concern. A culmination of identity politics, climate-driven disasters, and extreme poverty has led to this humanitarian crisis in the region and is exacerbated by a lack of political will and misplaced media attention. The current state of the art does not present sufficient investigations of the thematic and spatial coverage of news media of this crisis in this region. This paper studies the spatial coverage of this crisis as reported in the media, and the themes associated with those locations, based on a curated dataset. For the time frame 12 March to 15 September 2021, 2017 news articles related to the refugee crisis in West Africa were examined and manually coded based on (1) the geographical locations mentioned in each article; (2) the themes found in the articles in reference to a location (e.g., Relocation of people in Abuja). The dataset introduces a thematic dimension, as never achieved before, to the conflict-ridden areas in West Africa. A comparative analysis with UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) data showed that 96.8\% of refugee-related locations in West Africa were not covered by news during the considered time frame. Contrastingly, 80.4\% of locations mentioned in the news do not appear in the UNHCR repository. Most news articles published during this time frame reported on Development aid or Political statements. Linear multiple regression analysis showed GDP per capita and political stability to be among the most influential determinants of news coverage.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bobineau2020,
  author    = {Bobineau, Julien},
  title     = {Belgiens gespaltene Erinnerung: Aufarbeitung und Verdr{\"a}ngung von kolonialer Geschichte in Flandern und Wallonien},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244224},
  pages     = {23-42},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This article examines so-called colonial discourses in Belgium on the former Sub-Saharan colony owned by the Belgian King, Leopold II., which today is known as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo) or the Congo-Kinshasa. After having introduced the colonial history of the DR Congo from the 15th century until 1910, an empirical analysis of the colonial discourses in Belgium from the 1890s until today will be illustrated in conjunction with Belgium's linguistic-cultural division and the age-related divergence. Belgian colonial discourse is characterized by a historical misrepresentation by the political authorities while especially social forces have pled for a critical examination of their own colonial history in Belgium since the year 2000.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Luetzelberger2020,
  author    = {L{\"u}tzelberger, Florian},
  title     = {Federico Garc{\´i}a Lorcas Trilog{\´i}a dram{\´a}tica de la tierra espa{\~n}ola als Knotenpunkt von Kontinuit{\"a}t und Wandel von der Antike bis zu Netflix: Tradition, Adaption, Innovation, Inspiration},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244280},
  pages     = {131-153},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {To this day, Lorca's most popular plays, the Trilog{\´i}a dram{\´a}tica de la tierra espa{\~n}ola, are considered to be among the most widely read texts of twentieth century Spanish literature. By combining elements from Antiquity with classic and modern features of Spanish theatre and placing them in new functional contexts, the author succeeds in creating an innovative theatre of sociocritical nature in times of political repression. This article analyses several of these innovations and aims to demonstrate the influence Lorca's Tragedias rurales still have on today's literature and culture. Simon Stone's play Yerma (2017) and the Netflix series Las Chicas del Cable (2017-2020) are approached here with this purpose.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Duerner2017,
  author    = {D{\"u}rner, Benedikt},
  title     = {Der lyrische Triebt{\"a}ter Andr{\´e} Pieyre de Mandiargues Gewalt und Erotik im Gedichtband L'{\^A}ge de craie},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2510-2613},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172876},
  pages     = {83-105},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The surrealists are not the only influence on the literary efforts of Andr{\´e} Pieyre de Mandiargues - but it's this influence that makes his oeuvre capable for an analysis based on Freudian theories. This way of an analysis is even more appropriate knowing that two of Mandiargues' main and favourite themes - the eroticism and the violence - coincide with the Freudian life and destruction drive. Analysing the two poems Les filles des gobes and Les ruines de l'amour from the volume of poems L'{\^A}ge de craie, it's these two paradigms that are clearly recognizable: Mandiargues' symbolism reveals the duality of the domination by desires.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{Koehler2020,
  author    = {K{\"o}hler, Britta},
  title     = {A Room of One's Own : Weiblichkeit, Schreiben und kollektive Erfahrung in Elena Ferrantes Tetralogie L'amica geniale (2011-2014) und Annie Ernaux' Les Ann{\´e}es (2008)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244246},
  pages     = {87-104},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {With her famous suggestion to «give her [the woman] a room of her own and five hundred a year, let her speak her mind» from 1929, Virginia Woolf verbalized a core issue of female writing by hinting at the socioeconomic circumstances and domestic obligations of most women - valid at her times, but still today. Both Elena Ferrante and Annie Ernaux discuss, in their respective novels, the topics of being women in the particular sociocultural landscape (in Italy and, respectively, in France) after World War II and up to these days, the themes of marriage and motherhood, employment and especially (female) authorship. This article aims to show in a close reading of both Ferrante and Ernaux that the two writers play with the literary form of the (auto-)biography on a diegetic, but also extradiegetic level, while formulating at the same time a collective work that embraces the experience of womanhood but circumvents the hazard of a merely subjective and sensitive writing, as female writing has sometimes been claimed to be.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{KochFroehlich2020,
  author    = {Koch-Fr{\"o}hlich, Melanie},
  title     = {S'inventer {\`a} partir de l'autre : Les Origines d'Amin Maalouf},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244268},
  pages     = {69-84},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The present article examines the narrative modes in which Lebanese author Amin Maalouf investigates his roots in Origines a hybrid work which stands in contrast with his previous essays and fictions as to its (auto)biographical dimension. Resembling what Dominique Viart and Bruno Vercier in their analysis of predominant themes and narrative strategies in contemporary French literature name «r{\´e}cit de filiation», Maalouf's quest for his familial past explores the concept of intergenerational transmission of memory. However, despite this individual postmemorial approach, Maalouf's intimate writing is intrinsically linked with the complex history of the Ottoman Empire and therefore with collective narratives of war, diasporic identities, and migration relating to the present time or the recent past.},
  language  = {fr}
}
@article{Hesselbach2020,
  author    = {Hesselbach, Robert},
  title     = {<<Nous sommes en guerre sanitaire contre le COVID-19>> - A Corpus-based Approach of Official French, Italian, and Spanish Social Media Discourse in the Light of the Coronavirus Crisis},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244251},
  pages     = {45-66},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {France, Italy, and Spain are three Romance-speaking countries which - at least in Europe - have been affected to a very high degree by the consequences of the Corona pandemic. This paper examines discursive strategies on social media (Twitter and Facebook) by the three heads of government/state of the aforementioned countries - namely Emmanuel Macron (France), Giuseppe Conte (Italy), and Pedro S{\´a}nchez (Spain)- from a corpuslinguistic point of view. For this purpose, a corpus was created which contains all Twitter and Facebook messages posted by these heads of government/state from the beginning of February until the end of April 2020. By applying corpus-linguistic methods we find that all three politicians consciously use social media to sensitize, inform, and - in view of a dramatic pandemic situation - unite their respective populations behind them.},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Roy2023,
  author    = {Roy, Abhilasha},
  title     = {Countercultures around the World: A Postcolonial Reading of Paul Gilroy's The Black Atlantic},
  series = {Global Cultural Studies? Engaged Scholarship between National and Transnational Frames},
  booktitle = {Global Cultural Studies? Engaged Scholarship between National and Transnational Frames},
  editor    = {Jetter, Tobias},
  publisher = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  address   = {W{\"u}rzburg},
  doi       = {10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-207-2-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-305829},
  publisher      = {W{\"u}rzburg University Press},
  pages     = {7-19},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {No abstract available.},
  subject      = {Kulturwissenschaften},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Richter2020,
  author    = {Richter, Verena},
  title     = {Das Mittelmeer als pluraler Erinnerungsraum im franz{\"o}sischen Essayfilm: zu Jean-Daniel Pollets M{\´e}diterran{\´e}e (1963)},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244292},
  pages     = {155-175},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The present article aims to examine images of the Mediterranean Sea in Jean-Daniel Pollet's essay film M{\´e}diterran{\´e}e (1963), with a particular focus on its representation as a multifaceted space of cultural memory. After some preliminary observations on the relation between the essay film as a genre and images of the Mediterranean, I shall, on the one hand, have a look at the semantic processes through which the film builds up a recognizable image of the Great Sea. On the other hand, however, I will argue that, at the same time, M{\´e}diterran{\´e}e calls this signifying process into question by representing the sea as a space of cultural memory understood as a space of becoming and of deferral of meaning.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{vonRoeder2020,
  author    = {von Roeder, Alena},
  title     = {Salvador als Opfer seiner eigenen Triebe im Film Los girasoles ciegos. Die filmische Darstellung der Fokalisierung unter psychoanalytischer Betrachtung},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-244303},
  pages     = {177-196},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This paper analyzes the mental development of the main character Salvador in the Spanish movie Los girasoles ciegos (2008) by Jos{\´e} Luis Cuerda, based on the camera perspective and focalization, as well as the three-instance model according to Sigmund Freud. For this purpose, screen captures from the movie are examined to see how Salvador's loss of control is pictured. This is applied to Freud's three-instance model to prove the takeover of the Id. Throughout the whole movie, the inner conflict between his Ego and Id, i.e. his life as a deacon versus his life as a soldier, is present. The whole process of the breakdown of his mental state is revealed through the camera perspective and visual focalization.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KindermannFrommTheureretal.2024,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kindermann, Katharina and Fromm, Julia and Theurer, Caroline and Kr{\"u}ger, Nadine},
  title     = {It's storytime: Ein digitales M{\"a}rchenprojekt f{\"u}r den Englischunterricht in der Grundschule},
  doi       = {10.25972/OPUS-35304},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-353045},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {In diesem Beitrag wird zun{\"a}chst das Konzept des digital storytelling mit dem Tablet im fr{\"u}hen Fremdsprachenunterricht methodisch-didaktisch gerahmt (Kapitel 1). Daran anschließend wird die Bedeutung lernunterst{\"u}tzender Maßnahmen in einem solchen digital gest{\"u}tzten und potenziell kreativit{\"a}tsf{\"o}rdernden Unterrichtssetting erl{\"a}utert (Kapitel 2). In Kapitel 3 folgt die Vorstellung der Unterrichtsreihe „It's storytime - Let's create our own digital fairy tale". Im Verlauf dieser Unterrichtsreihe, die auch als Projektwoche angelegt werden kann, rezipieren die Sch{\"u}ler:innen zun{\"a}chst eigenst{\"a}ndig M{\"a}rchen in englischer Sprache, die aus dem deutschen und angloamerikanischen Sprachraum bekannt sind. Die M{\"a}rchen liegen f{\"u}r das Tablet multimedial aufbereitet vor. Anschließend entwickeln die Lernenden auf Grundlage des erarbeiteten gattungsspezifischen Wortschatzes ein eigenes multimediales M{\"a}rchen. Alle f{\"u}r die Unterrichtsreihe ben{\"o}tigten digitalen und analogen Materialien stehen als Download zur Verf{\"u}gung und k{\"o}nnen f{\"u}r den eigenen Unterricht genutzt und adaptiert werden.},
  subject      = {Medienkompetenz},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{AyalaCarrilloFarfanCardenasNielsenetal.2022,
  author    = {Ayala-Carrillo, Mariana and Farf{\´a}n, Michelle and C{\´a}rdenas-Nielsen, Anah{\´i} and Lemoine-Rodr{\´i}guez, Richard},
  title     = {Are wildfires in the wildland-urban interface increasing temperatures? A land surface temperature assessment in a semi-arid Mexican city},
  series = {Land},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Land},
  number    = {12},
  issn      = {2073-445X},
  doi       = {10.3390/land11122105},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-297308},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {High rates of land conversion due to urbanization are causing fragmented and dispersed spatial patterns in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) worldwide. The occurrence of anthropogenic fires in the WUI represents an important environmental and social issue, threatening not only vegetated areas but also periurban inhabitants, as is the case in many Latin American cities. However, research has not focused on the dynamics of the local climate in the WUI. This study analyzes whether wildfires contribute to the increase in land surface temperature (LST) in the WUI of the metropolitan area of the city of Guanajuato (MACG), a semi-arid Mexican city. We estimated the pre- and post-fire LST for 2018-2021. Spatial clusters of high LST were detected using hot spot analysis and examined using ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc statistical tests to assess whether LST is related to the spatial distribution of wildfires during our study period. Our results indicate that the areas where the wildfires occurred, and their surroundings, show higher LST. This has negative implications for the local ecosystem and human population, which lacks adequate infrastructure and services to cope with the effects of rising temperatures. This is the first study assessing the increase in LST caused by wildfires in a WUI zone in Mexico.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Brinkmann2022,
  author    = {Brinkmann, Lisa Marie},
  title     = {Zum Sprachkontakt Maya und Spanisch: Empirische Studien zur kontaktinduzierten Grammatikalisierung im Maya},
  series = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {promptus - W{\"u}rzburger Beitr{\"a}ge zur Romanistik},
  issn      = {2364-6705},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-329734},
  pages     = {15-35},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The aim of this article is to document the outcomes of language contact between Yucatecan Maya and Mexican Spanish. In order to do so, two theories are applied to newly assembled data, gathered during a field study in 2019 in YucaThe aim of this article is to document the outcomes of language contact between Yucatecan Maya and Mexican Spanish. In order to do so, two theories are applied to newly assembled data, gathered during a field study in 2019 in Yucat{\´a}n: The Interface Hypothesis (Sorace 2011) and Heine/Kuteva's contact-induced grammaticalization (2003). The village Xoc{\´e}n in which the field study was conducted is characterized by monolingualism in Maya as well as bilingualism in Spanish and Maya. Data was collected to investigate the influence of Spanish on Mayan morphology, especially on the use of the subjunctive. I propose that the data can best be explained by combining the Interface Hypothesis with Heine/Kutevas's (2003) approach.t{\´a}n: The Interface Hypothesis (Sorace 2011) and Heine/Kuteva's cThe aim of this article is to document the outcomes of language contact between Yucatecan Maya and Mexican Spanish. In order to do so, two theories are applied to newly assembled data, gathered during a field study in 2019 in Yucat{\´a}n: The Interface Hypothesis (Sorace 2011) and Heine/Kuteva's contact-induced grammaticalization (2003). The village Xoc{\´e}n in which the field study was conducted is characterized by monolingualism in Maya as well as bilingualism in Spanish and Maya. Data was collected to investigate the influence of Spanish on Mayan morphology, especially on the use of the subjunctive. I propose that the data can best be explained by combining the Interface Hypothesis with Heine/Kutevas's (2003) approach.ontact-induced grammaticalization (2003). The village Xoc{\´e}n in which the field study was conducted is characterized by monolingualism in Maya as well as bilingualism in Spanish and Maya. Data was collected to investigate the influence of Spanish on Mayan morphology, especially on the use of the subjunctive. I propose that the data can best be explained by combining the Interface Hypothesis with Heine/Kutevas's (2003) approach.},
  language  = {de}
}