@article{MaasMischingerComperatetal.2021,
  author    = {Maas, Moritz and Mischinger, Johannes and Comp{\´e}rat, Eva and Scharpf, Marcus and Fend, Falko and Todenh{\"o}fer, Timlan and Stenzl, Arnulf and Gakis, Georgios and Rausch, Steffen},
  title     = {Utility of pT3 substaging in lymph node-negative urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: do pathologic parameters add to prognostic sub-stratification?},
  series = {World Journal of Urology},
  volume    = {39},
  journal   = {World Journal of Urology},
  number    = {11},
  issn      = {1433-8726},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00345-021-03697-3},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-266535},
  pages     = {4021-4027},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Purpose The value of bladder cancer (BC) substaging into macroscopic (pT3b) and microscopic (pT3a) perivesical fat extension in lymph node (Ln)-negative patients is controversially discussed and limited evidence for prognostic relevance of additional histopathological factors in pT3 BC exists. We evaluated the prognostic value of pT3 substaging and established pathological and clinical parameters with focus on tumor invasive front (TIF) and tumor size. Methods Specimens of 52 patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for pT3 a/b muscle-invasive BC were reviewed and re-evaluated by a pathologist specialized in uropathology. Clinical variables and standard histopathologic characteristics were assessed including TIF and tumor size. Their value as prognosticators for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was evaluated. Results Mean age of patients was 67.55 years. Tumors were staged pT3a in 28 patients (53.8\%) and pT3b in 24 (46.8\%). Median OS was 34.51 months. Median tumor size was 3.2 cm, median TIF was 11.0 mm. Differences in OS between pT3a and pT3b were not significant (p = 0.45). Carcinoma in situ (CIS) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) were significantly associated with pT3b tumors. Univariate analysis could not identify pathological prognosticators like TIF or tumor size for OS and RFS (p for all > 0.05). Conclusion No significant differences in OS or RFS were observed comparing Ln-negative pT3 BC following radical cystectomy. Additional pathologic variables like TIF could not be identified as prognosticator. Relevance of pT3 BC substaging needs reevaluation in larger prospective cohorts.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SeherLaglerStuehmeretal.2017,
  author    = {Seher, Axel and Lagler, Charlotte and St{\"u}hmer, Thorsten and M{\"u}ller-Richter, Urs Dietmar Achim and K{\"u}bler, Alexander Christian and Sebald, Walter and M{\"u}ller, Thomas Dieter and Nickel, Joachim},
  title     = {Utilizing BMP-2 muteins for treatment of multiple myeloma},
  series = {PLoS ONE},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {PLoS ONE},
  number    = {5},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pone.0174884},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158144},
  pages     = {e0174884},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {Multiple myeloma (MM) represents a haematological cancer characterized by the pathological hyper proliferation of antibody-producing B-lymphocytes. Patients typically suffer from kidney malfunction and skeletal disorders. In the context of MM, the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) member Activin A was recently identified as a promoter of both accompanying symptoms. Because studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2-mediated activities are counteracted by Activin A, we analysed whether BMP2, which also binds to the Activin A receptors ActRII and ActRIIB but activates the alternative SMAD-1/5/8 pathway, can be used to antagonize Activin A activities, such as in the context of MM. Therefore three BMP2 derivatives were generated with modified binding activities for the type II (ActRIIB) and/or type I receptor (BMPRIA) showing either increased or decreased BMP2 activity. In the context of MM these BMP2 muteins show two functionalities since they act as a) an anti-proliferative/apoptotic agent against neoplastic B-cells, b) as a bone-formation promoting growth factor. The molecular basis of both activities was shown in two different cellular models to clearly rely on the properties of the investigated BMP2 muteins to compete for the binding of Activin A to the Activin type II receptors. The experimental outcome suggests new therapeutic strategies using BMP2 variants in the treatment of MM-related pathologies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Prelog2013,
  author    = {Prelog, Martina},
  title     = {Vaccination in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Immunotherapies},
  series = {Clinical \& Cellular Immunology},
  journal   = {Clinical \& Cellular Immunology},
  doi       = {10.4172/2155-9899.S6-007},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-96446},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at higher risk to suffer from morbidity due to vaccine-preventable diseases and, thus, display an important target population to receive vaccines for protection from infectious complications. There have been only a few studies focusing on the administration of vaccines in RA patients with immunotherapy. Overall, antibody response rates against influenza or pneumococcal disease appeared to be only slightly lower than expected in healthy individuals. Crucial problems in the interpretation of data from studies in RA patients vaccinated against influenza and pneumococcal disease are the impaired comparability of studies due to different study designs and type of vaccines used, different health states among RA patients, heterogeneity in treatments including concomitant therapy with conventional DMARDs and glucocorticoids in addition to biological agents. Assessment of vaccination status should be performed in the initial work-up of patients with RA and should ideally be administered before initiation of immunotherapies or during stable disease. Due to differences in antibody responses and uncertainty regarding maintenance of protective antibodies, routine controls for antibody titers and specific strategies for earlier re-vaccination might be scheduled for patients with RA.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EliasSchoulsvandePoletal.2010,
  author    = {Elias, Johannes and Schouls, Leo M. and van de Pol, Ingrid and Keijzers, Wendy C. and Martin, Diana R. and Glennie, Anne and Oster, Philipp and Frosch, Matthias and Vogel, Ulrich and van der Ende, Arie},
  title     = {Vaccine Preventability of Meningococcal Clone, Greater Aachen Region, Germany},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-68083},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {No abstract available},
  subject      = {IMD},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DuggalGeissingerZhangetal.2013,
  author    = {Duggal, Rohit and Geissinger, Ulrike and Zhang, Qian and Aguilar, Jason and Chen, Nanhai G. and Binda, Elena and Vescovi, Angelo L. and Szalay, Aladar A.},
  title     = {Vaccinia virus expressing bone morphogenetic protein-4 in novel glioblastoma orthotopic models facilitates enhanced tumor regression and long-term survival},
  series = {Journal of Translational Medicine},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Journal of Translational Medicine},
  number    = {155},
  doi       = {10.1186/1479-5876-11-155},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-129626},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {No abstract availableBackground: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer with a high rate of recurrence. We propose a novel oncolytic vaccinia virus (VACV)-based therapy using expression of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 for treating GBM and preventing recurrence. Methods: We have utilized clinically relevant, orthotopic xenograft models of GBM based on tumor-biopsy derived, primary cancer stem cell (CSC) lines. One of the cell lines, after being transduced with a cDNA encoding firefly luciferase, could be used for real time tumor imaging. A VACV that expresses BMP-4 was constructed and utilized for infecting several primary glioma cultures besides conventional serum-grown glioma cell lines. This virus was also delivered intracranially upon implantation of the GBM CSCs in mice to determine effects on tumor growth. Results: We found that the VACV that overexpresses BMP-4 demonstrated heightened replication and cytotoxic activity in GBM CSC cultures with a broad spectrum of activity across several different patient-biopsy cultures. Intracranial inoculation of mice with this virus resulted in a tumor size equal to or below that at the time of injection. This resulted in survival of 100\% of the treated mice up to 84 days post inoculation, significantly superior to that of a VACV lacking BMP-4 expression. When mice with a higher tumor burden were injected with the VACV lacking BMP-4, 80\% of the mice showed tumor recurrence. In contrast, no recurrence was seen when mice were injected with the VACV expressing BMP-4, possibly due to induction of differentiation in the CSC population and subsequently serving as a better host for VACV infection and oncolysis. This lack of recurrence resulted in superior survival in the BMP-4 VACV treated group. Conclusions: Based on these findings we propose a novel VACV therapy for treating GBM, which would allow tumor specific production of drugs in the future in combination with BMPs which would simultaneously control tumor maintenance and facilitate CSC differentiation, respectively, thereby causing sustained tumor regression without recurrence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{CecilGentschevAdelfingeretal.2019,
  author    = {Cecil, Alexander and Gentschev, Ivaylo and Adelfinger, Marion and Dandekar, Thomas and Szalay, Aladar A.},
  title     = {Vaccinia virus injected human tumors: oncolytic virus efficiency predicted by antigen profiling analysis fitted boolean models},
  series = {Bioengineered},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Bioengineered},
  number    = {1},
  doi       = {10.1080/21655979.2019.1622220},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200507},
  pages     = {190-196},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Virotherapy on the basis of oncolytic vaccinia virus (VACV) strains is a promising approach for cancer therapy. Recently, we showed that the oncolytic vaccinia virus GLV-1h68 has a therapeutic potential in treating human prostate and hepatocellular carcinomas in xenografted mice. In this study, we describe the use of dynamic boolean modeling for tumor growth prediction of vaccinia virus-injected human tumors. Antigen profiling data of vaccinia virus GLV-1h68-injected human xenografted mice were obtained, analyzed and used to calculate differences in the tumor growth signaling network by tumor type and gender. Our model combines networks for apoptosis, MAPK, p53, WNT, Hedgehog, the T-killer cell mediated cell death, Interferon and Interleukin signaling networks. The in silico findings conform very well with in vivo findings of tumor growth. Similar to a previously published analysis of vaccinia virus-injected canine tumors, we were able to confirm the suitability of our boolean modeling for prediction of human tumor growth after virus infection in the current study as well. In summary, these findings indicate that our boolean models could be a useful tool for testing of the efficacy of VACV-mediated cancer therapy already before its use in human patients.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchaeferWeibelDonatetal.2012,
  author    = {Sch{\"a}fer, Simon and Weibel, Stephanie and Donat, Ulrike and Zhang, Quian and Aguilar, Richard J. and Chen, Nanhai G. and Szalay, Aladar A.},
  title     = {Vaccinia virus-mediated intra-tumoral expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 enhances oncolysis of PC-3 xenograft tumors},
  series = {BMC Cancer},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {BMC Cancer},
  number    = {366},
  doi       = {10.1186/1471-2407-12-366},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-140800},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Background Oncolytic viruses, including vaccinia virus (VACV), are a promising alternative to classical mono-cancer treatment methods such as surgery, chemo- or radiotherapy. However, combined therapeutic modalities may be more effective than mono-therapies. In this study, we enhanced the effectiveness of oncolytic virotherapy by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)-mediated degradation of proteins of the tumoral extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to increased viral distribution within the tumors. Methods For this study, the oncolytic vaccinia virus GLV-1h255, containing the mmp-9 gene, was constructed and used to treat PC-3 tumor-bearing mice, achieving an intra-tumoral over-expression of MMP-9. The intra-tumoral MMP-9 content was quantified by immunohistochemistry in tumor sections. Therapeutic efficacy of GLV-1h255 was evaluated by monitoring tumor growth kinetics and intra-tumoral virus titers. Microenvironmental changes mediated by the intra-tumoral MMP-9 over-expression were investigated by microscopic quantification of the collagen IV content, the blood vessel density (BVD) and the analysis of lymph node metastasis formation. Results GLV-1h255-treatment of PC-3 tumors led to a significant over-expression of intra-tumoral MMP-9, accompanied by a marked decrease in collagen IV content in infected tumor areas, when compared to GLV-1h68-infected tumor areas. This led to considerably elevated virus titers in GLV-1h255 infected tumors, and to enhanced tumor regression. The analysis of the BVD, as well as the lumbar and renal lymph node volumes, revealed lower BVD and significantly smaller lymph nodes in both GLV-1h68- and GLV-1h255- injected mice compared to those injected with PBS, indicating that MMP-9 over-expression does not alter the metastasis-reducing effect of oncolytic VACV. Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate that a GLV-1h255-mediated intra-tumoral over-expression of MMP-9 leads to a degradation of collagen IV, facilitating intra-tumoral viral dissemination, and resulting in accelerated tumor regression. We propose that approaches which enhance the oncolytic effect by increasing the intra-tumoral viral load, may be an effective way to improve therapeutic outcome.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Aghazadeh2013,
  author    = {Aghazadeh, Yashar},
  title     = {Vagus-evozierte Potentiale zur Fr{\"u}hdiagnose der Alzheimer-Erkrankung},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-85038},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Die Ergebnisse von bisherigen neuropathologischen Studien konnten die wichtige Bedeutung bestimmter Hirnstammareale bei der Pathogenese der Alzheimer-Erkrankung belegen. Zu diesen Strukturen geh{\"o}ren vor allem die Vaguskerngebiete, die in Anbetracht der zeitlich-topographischen Entwicklungsdynamik der AD als fr{\"u}he Pr{\"a}dilektionsstellen f{\"u}r die Alzheimer-typischen Pathologien fungieren k{\"o}nnten. Eine Ausbreitung dieser Pathologie nach kranial, wie etwa ins limbische System und in andere kortikale Hirnregionen, erfolgt erst in sp{\"a}teren Krankheitsstadien. Deshalb w{\"a}re es im Hinblick auf die Fr{\"u}herkennung einer AD von großem diagnostischem Nutzen, eine geeignete nicht-invasive Methode zum Nachweis der Hirnstammaffektion zu entwickeln. Diese k{\"o}nnte insbesondere im Rahmen eines Screeningprogrammes f{\"u}r MCI-Patienten, die ohnehin ein stark erh{\"o}htes Risiko f{\"u}r Entwicklung einer AD aufweisen, eingesetzt werden. In Anbetracht solcher makroskopisch oft nicht sichtbarer pathologischer Ver{\"a}nderungen im Hirnstamm, die meist der Nachweisbarkeit durch die strukturelle moderne Bildgebung entgehen, ist die Technik der Vagus-evozierten Potentiale (VSEP) wegen ihrer exzellenten zeitlichen Aufl{\"o}sung m{\"o}glicherweise in der Lage, durch Erfassung der Funktionsst{\"o}rungen der Vagus-Kerngebiete, eine Affektion dieser Strukturen festzustellen. Eine solche Funktionsst{\"o}rung sollte sich dann als eine Latenzverz{\"o}gerung der Potentiale darstellen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden in dieser Arbeit insgesamt 52 Personen (13 Alzheimer-Patienten, 12 MCI-Patienten und 27 gesunden Probanden) in einer ersten Sitzung neuropsychologisch und in der zweiten Sitzung elektrophysiologisch untersucht, wobei in der ersten Sitzung zus{\"a}tzlich eine ausf{\"u}hrliche Anamnese erhoben wurde. In der zweiten Sitzung wurde dann nach elektrischer Stimulation des Hautastes des N. Vagus am {\"a}ußeren Geh{\"o}rgang auf beiden Seiten mittels 2 haard{\"u}nnen Kupferdr{\"a}hten, jeweils die VSEP in Form der Fernfeldpotentiale {\"u}ber EEG-Elektroden abgeleitet. Die Stimulation erfolgte analog zu den vorangegangenen Arbeiten mit einer Stimulationsst{\"a}rke von 8mA, einer Stimulationsdauer von 0,1 msec und einem Interstimulusintervall von 2 sec, zuerst auf der rechten und danach auf der linken Seite mit 100 Wiederholungen pro Seite, wobei nach 50 artefaktfreien Kurven in einer Stimulationspause von 5 sek. die Stimulationselektroden in ihrer Polarisierung manuell gedreht wurden. Da es bisher keine Standarddefinition f{\"u}r die fr{\"u}hestm{\"o}gliche Latenz (P1) bei der Ableitung der VSEP existiert, wurde in dieser Arbeit die Auswertung der VSEP mit zwei Methoden durchgef{\"u}hrt, wobei die erste Latenz P1 im ersten Ansatz abh{\"a}ngig und im zweiten Ansatz unabh{\"a}ngig von der Potentialamplitude definiert wurde. Demnach konnten je nach Analysemethode unterschiedliche Anzahlen an auswertbaren Potentialkurven eingeschlossen werden. Die dieser Arbeit zugrunde liegende Hypothese, dass die VSEP bei Alzheimer-Patienten sich gegen{\"u}ber MCI-Patienten und Kontrollpersonen durch eine Latenzverz{\"o}gerung kennzeichnen, konnte in der prim{\"a}ren statistischen Auswertung mittels Bi- und Univarianzanalyse (3x2 und 3x1 ANOVA) nicht best{\"a}tigt werden, und zwar weder im amplitudenabh{\"a}ngigen noch im amplitudenunabh{\"a}ngigen Modul. Eine der m{\"o}glichen Erkl{\"a}rungen hierf{\"u}r ist die geringe Anzahl an untersuchten Patienten, sodass die zuk{\"u}nftigen Studien mit gr{\"o}ßeren Subgruppen erfolgen sollen. Erst nach statistischer Analyse von hemisph{\"a}renspezifischen Mittelwerten und zwar nur f{\"u}r die rechte Hemisph{\"a}re konnte ausschließlich f{\"u}r P2 in der amplitudenunabh{\"a}ngigen Auswertung ein hypothesenkonformes Ergebnis erreicht werden. Eine Latenzverz{\"o}gerung in der MCI-Gruppe gegen{\"u}ber Kontrollpersonen konnte in den statistischen Analysen nicht gezeigt werden. In der ersten Sitzung wurde bei allen Patienten und Probanden mittels CERAD-Testbatterie der neuropsychologische Status erhoben. Anschließend wurden die Ergebnisse der VSEP aus der amplitudenunabh{\"a}ngigen Auswertung und CERAD miteinander verglichen, woraus sich eine signifikant negative Korrelation zwischen den einzelnen Testabschnitten (Semantische Fl{\"u}ssigkeit, Lernen und Speichern einer Wortliste sowie Figurenabzeichnung) und den Latenzzeiten ergab. Außerdem wurde zwecks Screening und besserem Vergleich mit den Voruntersuchungen im Rahmen der klinischen Betreuung der Patienten, der kurze neuropsychologische Test DemTect durchgef{\"u}hrt. F{\"u}r die Weiterentwicklung der Methode der VESP ist es unerl{\"a}sslich, mittels weiteren Studien die Entwicklung der evozierten Potentiale bei den bereits untersuchten Personen im Verlauf zu beobachten. Die Dynamik der MCI mit erh{\"o}htem Risiko zur Entwicklung einer AD macht es verst{\"a}ndlich, dass eine solche Verlaufskontrolle insbesondere in dieser Gruppe sehr erstrebenswert ist. Parallel zu den klinischen Verlaufskontrollen, die in der Ged{\"a}chtnisambulanz der Klinik und Poliklinik f{\"u}r Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie der Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg bei nahezu allen MCI- und AD-Patienten durchgef{\"u}hrt wurden, wurde zur Evaluation der Ver{\"a}nderungen der VSEP f{\"u}r die in dieser Studie eingeschlossenen Patienten ein 12-monatiges Zeitintervall f{\"u}r die Verlaufsmessung der VSEP gew{\"a}hlt. Diese Verlaufsmessung wurde nach dem Abschluss dieser Arbeit von der Arbeitsgruppe von Thomas Polak et al. in der oben genannten Klinik durchgef{\"u}hrt und wird eigenst{\"a}ndig beschrieben. Solche Verlaufskontrollen k{\"o}nnen es erm{\"o}glichen, im Falle des {\"U}bergangs der MCI in AD fr{\"u}hzeitig mit aktuellen symptomatischen Behandlungen und insbesondere zuk{\"u}nftig zu entwickelnden neuroprotektiven Therapien zu beginnen. Hierdurch bestehen prinzipiell gr{\"o}ßere Erfolgsaussichten, die Progression der irreversiblen Nervenzellsch{\"a}digung im Rahmen der neurodegenerativen Erkrankung zu verlangsamen oder gar aufzuhalten.},
  subject      = {Alzheimer-Krankheit},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Voelker2007,
  author    = {V{\"o}lker, Nina},
  title     = {Vakuumstanzbiopsie nonpalpabler mammographischer Befunde mit manueller F{\"u}hrung},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-24926},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Zur Abkl{\"a}rung malignit{\"a}tsverd{\"a}chtiger Befunde in der Brust ben{\"o}tigt man eine effektive minimal-invasive Methode. Diese retrospektive Studie evaluiert die Wertigkeit der Vakuumstanzbiopsie mit manueller F{\"u}hrung. Es zeigt sich, dass hier eine unkomplizierte und ausreichende Gewinnung von Gewebe und somit eine zuverl{\"a}ssige Einsch{\"a}tzung von mammographischen Auff{\"a}lligkeiten m{\"o}glich ist.},
  subject      = {Biopsie},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{IotzovWeissWindmannetal.2023,
  author    = {Iotzov, Vassil and Weiß, Martin and Windmann, Sabine and Hein, Grit},
  title     = {Valence framing induces cognitive bias},
  series = {Current Psychology},
  volume    = {42},
  journal   = {Current Psychology},
  number    = {34},
  issn      = {1046-1310},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12144-022-03797-2},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-324824},
  pages     = {30381-30392},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Valence framing effects refer to inconsistent choice preferences in response to positive versus negative formulation of mathematically equivalent outcomes. Here, we manipulate valence framing in a two-alternative forced choice dictator game using gains and losses as frames to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying valence framing. We applied a Drift-Diffusion Model (DDM) to examine whether gain (i.e., "take" money) and loss (i.e., "give" money) frames evoke a cognitive bias as previous research did not consistently reveal framing effects using reaction times and response frequency as dependent variables. DDMs allow decomposing the decision process into separate cognitive mechanisms, whereby a cognitive bias was repeatedly associated with a shift in the starting point of the model. Conducting both a laboratory (N = 62) and an online study (N = 109), female participants allocated money between themselves and another person in a prosocial or selfish way. In each study, one group was instructed to give money (give frame), the other to take money (take frame). Consistent with previous studies, no differences were found in response times and response frequencies. However, in both studies, substantial bias towards the selfish option was found in the take frame groups, captured by the starting point of the DDM. Thus, our results suggest that valence framing induces a cognitive bias in decision processing in women, even when no behavioral differences are present.},
  language  = {en}
}