Dokument-ID Dokumenttyp Verfasser/Autoren Herausgeber Haupttitel Abstract Auflage Verlagsort Verlag Erscheinungsjahr Seitenzahl Schriftenreihe Titel Schriftenreihe Bandzahl ISBN Quelle der Hochschulschrift Konferenzname Quelle:Titel Quelle:Jahrgang Quelle:Heftnummer Quelle:Erste Seite Quelle:Letzte Seite URN DOI Abteilungen OPUS4-16220 Konferenzveröffentlichung Werner, Rudolf A.; Marcus, Charles; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Higuchi, Takahiro; Solnes, Lilja B.; Rowe, Steven P.; Buck, Andreas K.; Lapa, Constantin; Javadi, Mehrbod S. Diagnostic Accuracy of Visual Assessment of an Initial DaT-Scan in Comparison to a Fully Automatic Semiquantitative Method No abstract available. 2018 Journal of Nuclear Medicine 59 Supplement No. 1 626 urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-162208 Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin OPUS4-16221 Konferenzveröffentlichung Werner, Rudolf A.; Marcus, Charles; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Higuchi, Takahiro; Solnes, Lilja B.; Rowe, Steven P.; Buck, Andreas K.; Lapa, Constantin; Javadi, Mehrbod S. The Impact of Ageing on Dopamine Transporter Imaging No abstract available. 2018 Journal of Nuclear Medicine 59 Supplement No 1 1646 urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-162213 Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin OPUS4-16697 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Werner, Rudolf A.; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Jones, Krystyna M.; Javadi, Mehrbod S.; Solnes, Lilja B.; Ross, Ashley E.; Allaf, Mohamad E.; Pienta, Kenneth J.; Lapa, Constantin; Buck, Andreas K.; Higuchi, Takahiro; Pomper, Martin G.; Gorin, Micheal A.; Rowe, Steven P. Patterns of uptake of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL in peripheral ganglia Objective: Radiotracers targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have increasingly been recognized as showing uptake in a number of normal structures, anatomic variants, and non-prostate-cancer pathologies. We aimed to explore the frequency and degree of uptake in peripheral ganglia in patients undergoing PET with the PSMA-targeted agent \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL. Methods: A total of 98 patients who underwent \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL PET/CT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. This included 76 men with prostate cancer (PCa) and 22 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC; 13 men, 9 women). Scans were evaluated for uptake in the cervical, stellate, celiac, lumbar and sacral ganglia. Maximum standardized uptake value corrected to body weight (SUV\(_{max}\)), and maximum standardized uptake value corrected to lean body mass (SUL\(_{max}\)) were recorded for all ganglia with visible uptake above background. Ganglia-to-background ratios were calculated by dividing the SUV\(_{max}\) and SUL\(_{max}\) values by the mean uptake in the ascending aorta (Aortamean) and the right gluteus muscle (Gluteusmean). Results: Overall, 95 of 98 (96.9%) patients demonstrated uptake in at least one of the evaluated peripheral ganglia. With regard to the PCa cohort, the most frequent sites of radiotracer accumulation were lumbar ganglia (55/76, 72.4%), followed by the cervical ganglia (51/76, 67.1%). Bilateral uptake was found in the majority of cases [lumbar 44/55 (80%) and cervical 30/51 (58.8%)]. Additionally, discernible radiotracer uptake was recorded in 50/76 (65.8%) of the analyzed stellate ganglia and in 45/76 (59.2%) of the celiac ganglia, whereas only 5/76 (6.6%) of the sacral ganglia demonstrated \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL accumulation. Similar findings were observed for patients with RCC, with the most frequent locations of radiotracer uptake in both the lumbar (20/22, 90.9%) and cervical ganglia (19/ 22, 86.4%). No laterality preference was found in mean PSMA-ligand uptake for either the PCa or RCC cohorts. Conclusion: As PSMA-targeted agents become more widely disseminated, the patterns of uptake in structures that are not directly relevant to patients' cancers must be understood. This is the first systematic evaluation of the uptake of \(^{18}\)F-DCFPyL in ganglia demonstrating a general trend with a descending frequency of radiotracer accumulation in lumbar, cervical, stellate, celiac, and sacral ganglia. The underlying biology that leads to variability of PSMA-targeted radiotracers in peripheral ganglia is not currently understood, but may provide opportunities for future research. 2017 696-702 Annals of Nuclear Medicine 31 9 urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-166971 10.1007/s12149-017-1201-4 Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin OPUS4-17026 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Werner, Rudolf A.; Weich, Alexander; Kircher, Malte; Solnes, Lilja B.; Javadi, Mehrbod S.; Higuchi, Takahiro; Buck, Andreas K.; Pomper, Martin G.; Rowe, Steven; Lapa, Constantin The theranostic promise for neuroendocrine tumors in the late 2010s - Where do we stand, where do we go? More than 25 years after the first peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), the concept of somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-directed imaging and therapy for neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is seeing rapidly increasing use. To maximize the full potential of its theranostic promise, efforts in recent years have expanded recommendations in current guidelines and included the evaluation of novel theranostic radiotracers for imaging and treatment of NET. Moreover, the introduction of standardized reporting framework systems may harmonize PET reading, address pitfalls in interpreting SSTR-PET/CT scans and guide the treating physician in selecting PRRT candidates. Notably, the concept of PRRT has also been applied beyond oncology, e.g. for treatment of inflammatory conditions like sarcoidosis. Future perspectives may include the efficacy evaluation of PRRT compared to other common treatment options for NET, novel strategies for closer monitoring of potential side effects, the introduction of novel radiotracers with beneficial pharmacodynamic and kinetic properties or the use of supervised machine learning approaches for outcome prediction. This article reviews how the SSTR-directed theranostic concept is currently applied and also reflects on recent developments that hold promise for the future of theranostics in this context. 2018 6088-6100 Theranostics 8 22 urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-170264 Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin OPUS4-16818 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Werner, Rudolf A.; Marcus, Charles; Sheikhbahaei, Sara; Solnes, Lilja B.; Leal, Jeffrey P.; Du, Yong; Rowe, Steven P.; Higuchi, Takahiro; Buck, Andreas K.; Lapa, Constantin; Javadi, Mehrbod S. Visual and Semiquantitative Accuracy in Clinical Baseline 123I-Ioflupane SPECT/CT Imaging PURPOSE: We aimed to (a) elucidate the concordance of visual assessment of an initial I-ioflupane scan by a human interpreter with comparison to results using a fully automatic semiquantitative method and (b) to assess the accuracy compared to follow-up (f/u) diagnosis established by movement disorder specialists. METHODS: An initial I-ioflupane scan was performed in 382 patients with clinically uncertain Parkinsonian syndrome. An experienced reader performed a visual evaluation of all scans independently. The findings of the visual read were compared with semiquantitative evaluation. In addition, available f/u clinical diagnosis (serving as a reference standard) was compared with results of the human read and the software. RESULTS: When comparing the semiquantitative method with the visual assessment, discordance could be found in 25 (6.5%) of 382 of the cases for the experienced reader (ĸ = 0.868). The human observer indicated region of interest misalignment as the main reason for discordance. With neurology f/u serving as reference, the results of the reader revealed a slightly higher accuracy rate (87.7%, ĸ = 0.75) compared to semiquantification (86.2%, ĸ = 0.719, P < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference in the diagnostic performance of the visual read versus software-based assessment was found. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with a fully automatic semiquantitative method in I-ioflupane interpretation, human assessment obtained an almost perfect agreement rate. However, compared to clinical established diagnosis serving as a reference, visual read seemed to be slightly more accurate as a solely software-based quantitative assessment. 2018 Clinical Nuclear Medicine 44 1 urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-168181 Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin OPUS4-17218 Wissenschaftlicher Artikel Kazuhino, Koshino; Werner, Rudolf A.; Toriumi, Fuijo; Javadi, Mehrbod S.; Pomper, Martin G.; Solnes, Lilja B.; Verde, Franco; Higuchi, Takahiro; Rowe, Steven P. Generative Adversarial Networks for the Creation of Realistic Artificial Brain Magnetic Resonance Images Even as medical data sets become more publicly accessible, most are restricted to specific medical conditions. Thus, data collection for machine learning approaches remains challenging, and synthetic data augmentation, such as generative adversarial networks (GAN), may overcome this hurdle. In the present quality control study, deep convolutional GAN (DCGAN)-based human brain magnetic resonance (MR) images were validated by blinded radiologists. In total, 96 T1-weighted brain images from 30 healthy individuals and 33 patients with cerebrovascular accident were included. A training data set was generated from the T1-weighted images and DCGAN was applied to generate additional artificial brain images. The likelihood that images were DCGAN-created versus acquired was evaluated by 5 radiologists (2 neuroradiologists [NRs], vs 3 non-neuroradiologists [NNRs]) in a binary fashion to identify real vs created images. Images were selected randomly from the data set (variation of created images, 40%-60%). None of the investigated images was rated as unknown. Of the created images, the NRs rated 45% and 71% as real magnetic resonance imaging images (NNRs, 24%, 40%, and 44%). In contradistinction, 44% and 70% of the real images were rated as generated images by NRs (NNRs, 10%, 17%, and 27%). The accuracy for the NRs was 0.55 and 0.30 (NNRs, 0.83, 0.72, and 0.64). DCGAN-created brain MR images are similar enough to acquired MR images so as to be indistinguishable in some cases. Such an artificial intelligence algorithm may contribute to synthetic data augmentation for "data-hungry" technologies, such as supervised machine learning approaches, in various clinical applications. 2018 159–163 Tomography 4 4 urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-172185 10.18383/j.tom.2018.00042 Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin