7264
1993
eng
article
1
2013-09-03
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Oncogenes and melanoma formation in Xiphoporus (Teleostei: Poeciliidae)
In Xiphophorus melanoma formation has been attributed by classical genetic findings to the overexpression of a cellular oncogene (Tu) due to elimination of the corresponding regulatory gene locus in hybrids. We have attempted to elucidate this phenomenon on the molecular biological level. Studies on the structure and expression of known proto-oncogenes revealed that several of these genes, especially the c-src gene of Xiphophorus, may act as effectors in establishing the neoplastic phenotype of the melanoma cells . However, these genes appear more to participate in secondary steps of tumorigenesis. Another gene, being termed Xmrk, which represents obviously a so far unknown proto-oncogene but with a cons iderably high similarity to the epidermal growth-factorreceptor gene, was mapped to the Tu-containing region of the chromosome. This gene shows features with respect to its structure and expression that seem to justify it to be regarded as a candidate for a gene involved in the primary processes leading to neoplastic transformation of pigment cells in Xiphophorus.
8065
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87149
In: Trends in Ichthyology (GSF-Bericht 92,7), 1993, S. 79-92
Deutsches Urheberrecht
Manfred Schartl
J. Wittbrodt
W. Mäueler
F. Raulf
D. Adam
G. Hannig
A. Telling
F. Storch
S. Andexinger
S. M. Robertson
deu
swd
Schwertkärpfling
deu
swd
Onkogen
deu
swd
Melanom
Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/7264/Schartl_7264.pdf
7193
1991
eng
article
1
2013-08-22
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Transcriptional activation of the melanoma inducing Xmrk oncogene in Xiphophorus
The melanoma inducing locus of Xiphophorus encodes a tumorigenic version of a novel putative receptor tyrosine kinase (Xmrk). To elucidate the mechanism of oncogenic activation of Xmrk, we compared the structure and expression of two oncogenic loci with the corresponding proto-oncogene. Only minor structural alterations were found to be specific for the oncogenic Xmrk genes. Marked overexpression of the oncogene transcripts in melanoma, which are approximately 1 kb shorter than the proto-oncogene transcript, correlates with the malignancy of the tumors. The tumor transcripts are derived from an alternative transcription start site that is used only in the oncogenic loci. Thus, oncogenic activation of the melanoma inducing Xmrk gene appears primarily to be due to novel transcriptional control and overexpression.
8033
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87584
In: Oncogene, 1991, 6, S. 73-80
Deutsches Urheberrecht
Dieter Adam
Winfried Maueler
Manfred Schartl
deu
swd
Schwertkärpfling
deu
swd
Onkogen
deu
swd
Melanom
Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/7193/Schartl_7193.pdf
7270
1985
eng
article
1
2013-09-03
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The genes that carcinogens act upon
No abstract available.
8071
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-72704
In: Haematology and Blood Transfusion, 1985, 29, S. 228-52
Deutsches Urheberrecht
F. Anders
Manfred Schartl
A. Barnekow
C. R. Schmidt
W. Luke
G. Jaenel-Dess
A. Anders
deu
swd
Onkogen
Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/7270/Schartl_7270.pdf
7272
1984
eng
conferenceobject
1
2013-09-03
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Xiphophorus as an in vivo model for studies on oncogenes
The capacity of Xiphophorus to develop neoplasia can be formally assigned to a "tumor gene" (Tu), which appears to be a normal part of the genome of all individuals. The wild fish have evolved population-specific and cell type-specific systems of regulatory genes (R) for Tu that protect the fish from neoplasia. Hybridization of members of different wild populations in the laborstory followed by treatment of the hybrids with carcinogens led to disintegration of the R systems permitting excessive expression of Tu and thus resulting in neoplasia. Certain hybrids developed neoplasia even spontaneously. Observations on the genuine phenotypic effect of the derepressed Tu in the early embryo indicated an essential normal function of this oncogene in cell differentiation, proliferation and cell-cell communication. Tu appeared to be indispensable in the genome but may also be present in accessory copics. Recently, c-src, the cellular homolog of the Rous sarcoma virus oncogene v-src, was detected in Xiphophorus. The protein product of c-src, pp60c-src, was identified and then examined by its associated kinase activity. This pp60c-src was found in all individuals tested, but, depending on the genotype, its kinase activity was different. The genetic characters of c-src, such as linkage relations, dosage relations, expression, etc., correspond to those of Tu. From a systematic study which showed that pp60c-src was present in all metazoa tested ranging from mammals down to sponges, we concluded that c-src has evolved with the multicellular organization of animals. Neoplasia of animals and humans is a characteristic closely related to this evolution. Our data showed that small aquariurn fish, besides being used successfully because they are time-, space-, and money-saving systems for carcinogenicity testing, are also highly suitable for basic studies on neoplasia at the populational, morphological, developmental, cell biological, and molecular levels.
8073
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86398
In: Use of small fish species in carcinogenity testing / ed. Karen L. Hoover. - Bethesda, Md: US Dep. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health; 1984. - S. 97-109. - (National Cancer Institute <Bethesda, Md.>: Monographs ; 65)
Deutsches Urheberrecht
Fritz Anders
Manfred Schartl
Angelika Barnekow
deu
swd
Schwertkärpfling
deu
swd
In vivo
deu
swd
Onkogen
Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/7272/Schartl_7272.pdf