11289
2014
eng
article
1
2015-05-08
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Gene Expression Profiles of Human Dendritic Cells Interacting with Aspergillus fumigatus in a Bilayer Model of the Alveolar Epithelium/Endothelium Interface
The initial stages of the interaction between the host and Aspergillus fumigatus at the alveolar surface of the human lung are critical in the establishment of aspergillosis. Using an in vitro bilayer model of the alveolus, including both the epithelium (human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line, A549) and endothelium (human pulmonary artery epithelial cells, HPAEC) on transwell membranes, it was possible to closely replicate the in vivo conditions. Two distinct sub-groups of dendritic cells (DC), monocyte-derived DC (moDC) and myeloid DC (mDC), were included in the model to examine immune responses to fungal infection at the alveolar surface. RNA in high quantity and quality was extracted from the cell layers on the transwell membrane to allow gene expression analysis using tailored custom-made microarrays, containing probes for 117 immune-relevant genes. This microarray data indicated minimal induction of immune gene expression in A549 alveolar epithelial cells in response to germ tubes of A. fumigatus. In contrast, the addition of DC to the system greatly increased the number of differentially expressed immune genes. moDC exhibited increased expression of genes including CLEC7A, CD209 and CCL18 in the absence of A. fumigatus compared to mDC. In the presence of A. fumigatus, both DC subgroups exhibited up-regulation of genes identified in previous studies as being associated with the exposure of DC to A. fumigatus and exhibiting chemotactic properties for neutrophils, including CXCL2, CXCL5, CCL20, and IL1B. This model closely approximated the human alveolus allowing for an analysis of the host pathogen interface that complements existing animal models of IA.
10.1371/journal.pone.0098279
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-112893
PLoS ONE 9(5): e98279. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098279
Charles Oliver Morton
Mirjam Fliesser
Marcus Dittrich
Tobias Müller
Ruth Bauer
Susanne Kneitz
William Hope
Thomas Richard Rogers
Hermann Einsele
Jürgen Löffler
eng
uncontrolled
aspergillus fumigatus
eng
uncontrolled
gene expression
eng
uncontrolled
immune receptors
eng
uncontrolled
immune response
eng
uncontrolled
denritic cells
eng
uncontrolled
B cell receptors
eng
uncontrolled
gene regulation
eng
uncontrolled
RNA extraction
Medizin und Gesundheit
open_access
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Förderzeitraum 2014
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/11289/097_Löffler_PLoS.pdf
11141
2014
eng
article
1
2015-03-20
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Are Temperate Canopy Spiders Tree-Species Specific?
Arboreal spiders in deciduous and coniferous trees were investigated on their distribution and diversity. Insecticidal knock-down was used to comprehensively sample spiders from 175 trees from 2001 to 2003 in the Białowieża forest and three remote forests in Poland. We identified 140 species from 9273 adult spiders. Spider communities were distinguished between deciduous and coniferous trees. The richest fauna was collected from Quercus where beta diversity was also highest. A tree-species-specific pattern was clearly observed for Alnus, Carpinus, Picea and Pinus trees and also for those tree species that were fogged in only four or three replicates, namely Betula and Populus. This hitherto unrecognised association was mainly due to the community composition of common species identified in a Dufrene-Legendre indicator species analysis. It was not caused by spatial or temporal autocorrelation. Explaining tree-species specificity for generalist predators like spiders is difficult and has to involve physical and ecological tree parameters like linkage with the abundance of prey species. However, neither did we find a consistent correlation of prey group abundances with spiders nor could differences in spider guild composition explain the observed pattern. Our results hint towards the importance of deterministic mechanisms structuring communities of generalist canopy spiders although the casual relationship is not yet understood.
10.1371/journal.pone.0086571
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-111413
PLoS ONE 9(2): e86571. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086571
Andreas Floren
Anne-Christine Mupepele
Tobias Müller
Marcus Dittrich
eng
uncontrolled
trees
eng
uncontrolled
spiders
eng
uncontrolled
conifers
eng
uncontrolled
forests
eng
uncontrolled
predation
eng
uncontrolled
oaks
eng
uncontrolled
community structures
eng
uncontrolled
pines
Biowissenschaften; Biologie
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Förderzeitraum 2014
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/11141/048_Floren_PLoS.pdf