11442
2014
eng
4701 - 4735
24
4
article
1
2015-06-13
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--
The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - ). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
Ecology and Evolution
10.1002/ece3.1303
25558364
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-114425
Ecology and Evolution 2014; 4 (24): 4701–4735. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1303
Forschungsstation Fabrikschleichach
Lawrence N. Hudson
Tim Newbold
Sara Contu
Samantha L. L. Hill
Igor Lysenko
Adriana De Palma
Helen R. P. Phillips
Rebecca A. Senior
Dominic J. Bennett
Hollie Booth
Argyrios Choimes
David L. P. Correia
Julie Day
Susy Echeverria-Londono
Morgan Garon
Michelle L. K. Harrison
Daniel J. Ingram
Martin Jung
Victoria Kemp
Lucinda Kirkpatrick
Callum D. Martin
Yuan Pan
Hannah J. White
Job Aben
Stefan Abrahamczyk
Gilbert B. Adum
Virginia Aguilar-Barquero
Marcelo Aizen
Marc Ancrenaz
Enrique Arbelaez-Cortes
Inge Armbrecht
Badrul Azhar
Adrian B. Azpiroz
Lander Baeten
András Báldi
John E. Banks
Jos Barlow
Péter Batáry
Adam J. Bates
Erin M. Bayne
Pedro Beja
Ake Berg
Nicholas J. Berry
Jake E. Bicknell
Jochen H. Bihn
Katrin Böhning-Gaese
Teun Boekhout
Celine Boutin
Jeremy Bouyer
Francis Q. Brearley
Isabel Brito
Jörg Brunet
Grzegorz Buczkowski
Erika Buscardo
Jimmy Cabra-Garcia
Maria Calvino-Cancela
Sydney A. Cameron
Eliana M. Cancello
Tiago F. Carrijo
Anelena L. Carvalho
Helena Castro
Alejandro A. Castro-Luna
Rolando Cerda
Alexis Cerezo
Matthieu Chauvat
Frank M. Clarke
Daniel F. R. Cleary
Stuart P. Connop
Biagio D'Aniello
Pedro Giovani da Silva
Ben Darvill
Jens Dauber
Alain Dejean
Tim Diekötter
Yamileth Dominguez-Haydar
Carsten F. Dormann
Bertrand Dumont
Simon G. Dures
Mats Dynesius
Lars Edenius
Zoltán Elek
Martin H. Entling
Nina Farwig
Tom M. Fayle
Antonio Felicioli
Annika M. Felton
Gentile F. Ficetola
Bruno K. C. Filgueiras
Steve J. Fonte
Lauchlan H. Fraser
Daisuke Fukuda
Dario Furlani
Jörg U. Ganzhorn
Jenni G. Garden
Carla Gheler-Costa
Paolo Giordani
Simonetta Giordano
Marco S. Gottschalk
Dave Goulson
Aaron D. Gove
James Grogan
Mick E. Hanley
Thor Hanson
Nor R. Hashim
Joseph E. Hawes
Christian Hébert
Alvin J. Helden
John-André Henden
Lionel Hernández
Felix Herzog
Diego Higuera-Diaz
Branko Hilje
Finbarr G. Horgan
Roland Horváth
Kristoffer Hylander
Roland Horváth
Paola Isaacs-Cubides
Mashiro Ishitani
Carmen T. Jacobs
Victor J. Jaramillo
Birgit Jauker
Matts Jonsell
Thomas S. Jung
Vena Kapoor
Vassiliki Kati
Eric Katovai
Michael Kessler
Eva Knop
Annette Kolb
Àdám Körösi
Thibault Lachat
Victoria Lantschner
Violette Le Féon
Gretchen LeBuhn
Jean-Philippe Légaré
Susan G. Letcher
Nick A. Littlewood
Carlos A. López-Quintero
Mounir Louhaichi
Gabor L. Lövei
Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja
Victor H. Luja
Kaoru Maeto
Tibor Magura
Neil Aldrin Mallari
Erika Marin-Spiotta
E. J. P. Marhall
Eliana Martínez
Margaret M. Mayfield
Gregorz Mikusinski
Jeffery C. Milder
James R. Miller
Carolina L. Morales
Mary N. Muchane
Muchai Muchane
Robin Naidoo
Akihiro Nakamura
Shoji Naoe
Guiomar Nates-Parra
Dario A. Navarerete Gutierrez
Eike L. Neuschulz
Norbertas Noreika
Olivia Norfolk
Jorge Ari Noriega
Nicole M. Nöske
Niall O'Dea
William Oduro
Caleb Ofori-Boateng
Chris O. Oke
Lynne M. Osgathorpe
Juan Paritsis
Alejandro Parrah
Nicolás Pelegrin
Carlos A. Peres
Anna S. Persson
Theodora Petanidou
Ben Phalan
T. Keith Philips
Katja Poveda
Eileen F. Power
Steven J. Presley
Vânia Proença
Marino Quaranta
Carolina Quintero
Nicola A. Redpath-Downing
J. Leighton Reid
Yana T. Reis
Danilo B. Ribeiro
Barbara A. Richardson
Michael J. Richardson
Carolina A. Robles
Jörg Römbke
Luz Piedad Romero-Duque
Loreta Rosselli
Stephen J. Rossiter
T'ai H. Roulston
Laurent Rousseau
Jonathan P. Sadler
Szbolcs Sáfián
Romeo A. Saldaña-Vásquez
Ulrika Samnegård
Christof Schüepp
Oliver Schweiger
Jodi L. Sedlock
Ghazala Shahabuddin
Douglas Sheil
Fernando A. B. Silva
Eleanor Slade
Allan H. Smith-Pardo
Navjot S. Sodhi
Eduardo J. Somarriba
Ramón A. Sosa
Jane C. Stout
Matthew J. Struebig
Yik-Hei Sung
Caragh G. Threlfall
Rebecca Tonietto
Béla Tóthmérész
Teja Tscharntke
Edgar C. Turner
Jason M. Tylianakis
Adam J. Vanbergen
Kiril Vassilev
Hans A. F. Verboven
Carlos H. Vergara
Pablo M. Vergara
Jort Verhulst
Tony R. Walker
Yanping Wang
James I. Watling
Konstans Wells
Christopher D. Williams
Michael R. Willig
John C. Z. Woinarski
Jan H. D. Wolf
Ben A. Woodcock
Douglas W. Yu
Andreys Zailsev
Ben Collen
Rob M. Ewers
Georgina M. Mace
Drew W. Purves
Jörn P. W. Scharlemann
Andy Pervis
eng
uncontrolled
urban-rural gradient
eng
uncontrolled
instensively managed farmland
eng
uncontrolled
Mexican coffee plantations
eng
uncontrolled
Bombus Spp. Hymenoptera
eng
uncontrolled
bumblebee nest density
eng
uncontrolled
data sharing
eng
uncontrolled
land use
eng
uncontrolled
habitat destruction
eng
uncontrolled
global change
eng
uncontrolled
land-use change
eng
uncontrolled
plant community composition
eng
uncontrolled
Northeastern Costa Rica
eng
uncontrolled
dung beetle coleoptera
eng
uncontrolled
bird species richness
Biowissenschaften; Biologie
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/11442/010_Hudson_ECOLOGY_AND_EVOLUTION.pdf
28716
2022
eng
1930
1947
5
97
article
1
--
--
--
The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis
Disturbances alter biodiversity via their specific characteristics, including severity and extent in the landscape, which act at different temporal and spatial scales. Biodiversity response to disturbance also depends on the community characteristics and habitat requirements of species. Untangling the mechanistic interplay of these factors has guided disturbance ecology for decades, generating mixed scientific evidence of biodiversity responses to disturbance. Understanding the impact of natural disturbances on biodiversity is increasingly important due to human‐induced changes in natural disturbance regimes. In many areas, major natural forest disturbances, such as wildfires, windstorms, and insect outbreaks, are becoming more frequent, intense, severe, and widespread due to climate change and land‐use change. Conversely, the suppression of natural disturbances threatens disturbance‐dependent biota. Using a meta‐analytic approach, we analysed a global data set (with most sampling concentrated in temperate and boreal secondary forests) of species assemblages of 26 taxonomic groups, including plants, animals, and fungi collected from forests affected by wildfires, windstorms, and insect outbreaks. The overall effect of natural disturbances on α‐diversity did not differ significantly from zero, but some taxonomic groups responded positively to disturbance, while others tended to respond negatively. Disturbance was beneficial for taxonomic groups preferring conditions associated with open canopies (e.g. hymenopterans and hoverflies), whereas ground‐dwelling groups and/or groups typically associated with shady conditions (e.g. epigeic lichens and mycorrhizal fungi) were more likely to be negatively impacted by disturbance. Across all taxonomic groups, the highest α‐diversity in disturbed forest patches occurred under moderate disturbance severity, i.e. with approximately 55% of trees killed by disturbance. We further extended our meta‐analysis by applying a unified diversity concept based on Hill numbers to estimate α‐diversity changes in different taxonomic groups across a gradient of disturbance severity measured at the stand scale and incorporating other disturbance features. We found that disturbance severity negatively affected diversity for Hill number q = 0 but not for q = 1 and q = 2, indicating that diversity–disturbance relationships are shaped by species relative abundances. Our synthesis of α‐diversity was extended by a synthesis of disturbance‐induced change in species assemblages, and revealed that disturbance changes the β‐diversity of multiple taxonomic groups, including some groups that were not affected at the α‐diversity level (birds and woody plants). Finally, we used mixed rarefaction/extrapolation to estimate biodiversity change as a function of the proportion of forests that were disturbed, i.e. the disturbance extent measured at the landscape scale. The comparison of intact and naturally disturbed forests revealed that both types of forests provide habitat for unique species assemblages, whereas species diversity in the mixture of disturbed and undisturbed forests peaked at intermediate values of disturbance extent in the simulated landscape. Hence, the relationship between α‐diversity and disturbance severity in disturbed forest stands was strikingly similar to the relationship between species richness and disturbance extent in a landscape consisting of both disturbed and undisturbed forest habitats. This result suggests that both moderate disturbance severity and moderate disturbance extent support the highest levels of biodiversity in contemporary forest landscapes.
Biological Reviews
10.1111/brv.12876
urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-287168
2022-09-21T20:42:15+00:00
sword
swordwue
attachment; filename=deposit.zip
b038492e93d5eabe6f2ac5f280392c93
Biological Reviews 2022, 97(5):1930–1947. DOI: 10.1111/brv.12876
false
true
CC BY: Creative-Commons-Lizenz: Namensnennung 4.0 International
Mari‐Liis Viljur
Scott R. Abella
Martin Adámek
Janderson Batista Rodrigues Alencar
Nicholas A. Barber
Burkhard Beudert
Laura A. Burkle
Luciano Cagnolo
Brent R. Campos
Anne Chao
Brahim Chergui
Chang‐Yong Choi
Daniel F. R. Cleary
Thomas Seth Davis
Yanus A. Dechnik‐Vázquez
William M. Downing
Andrés Fuentes‐Ramirez
Kamal J. K. Gandhi
Catherine Gehring
Kostadin B. Georgiev
Mark Gimbutas
Konstantin B. Gongalsky
Anastasiya Y. Gorbunova
Cathryn H. Greenberg
Kristoffer Hylander
Erik S. Jules
Daniil I. Korobushkin
Kajar Köster
Valerie Kurth
Joseph Drew Lanham
Maria Lazarina
Alexandro B. Leverkus
David Lindenmayer
Daniel Magnabosco Marra
Pablo Martín‐Pinto
Jorge A. Meave
Marco Moretti
Hyun‐Young Nam
Martin K. Obrist
Theodora Petanidou
Pere Pons
Simon G. Potts
Irina B. Rapoport
Paul R. Rhoades
Clark Richter
Ruslan A. Saifutdinov
Nathan J. Sanders
Xavier Santos
Zachary Steel
Julia Tavella
Clara Wendenburg
Beat Wermelinger
Andrey S. Zaitsev
Simon Thorn
eng
uncontrolled
natural disturbance
eng
uncontrolled
diversity–disturbance relationship
eng
uncontrolled
disturbance severity
eng
uncontrolled
disturbance extent
eng
uncontrolled
intermediate disturbance hypothesis
eng
uncontrolled
forest communities
eng
uncontrolled
α‐diversity
eng
uncontrolled
β‐diversity
Biowissenschaften; Biologie
open_access
Theodor-Boveri-Institut für Biowissenschaften
Import
Universität Würzburg
https://opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de/files/28716/BRV_BRV12876.pdf