TY  - JOUR
A1  - Weißenberger, Manuel
A1  - Wagenbrenner, Mike
A1  - Nickel, Joachim
A1  - Ahlbrecht, Rasmus
A1  - Blunk, Torsten
A1  - Steinert, Andre F.
A1  - Gilbert, Fabian
T1  - Comparative in vitro treatment of mesenchymal stromal cells with GDF-5 and R57A induces chondrogenic differentiation while limiting chondrogenic hypertrophy
JF  - Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics
N2  - Purpose
Hypertrophic cartilage is an important characteristic of osteoarthritis and can often be found in patients suffering from osteoarthritis. Although the exact pathomechanism remains poorly understood, hypertrophic de-differentiation of chondrocytes also poses a major challenge in the cell-based repair of hyaline cartilage using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). While different members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family have been shown to promote chondrogenesis in MSCs, the transition into a hypertrophic phenotype remains a problem. To further examine this topic we compared the effects of the transcription growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) and the mutant R57A on in vitro chondrogenesis in MSCs.

Methods
Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were placed in pellet culture and in-cubated in chondrogenic differentiation medium containing R57A, GDF-5 and TGF-ß1 for 21 days. Chondrogenesis was examined histologically, immunohistochemically, through biochemical assays and by RT-qPCR regarding the expression of chondrogenic marker genes.

Results
Treatment of BMSCs with R57A led to a dose dependent induction of chondrogenesis in BMSCs. Biochemical assays also showed an elevated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and expression of chondrogenic marker genes in corresponding pellets. While treatment with R57A led to superior chondrogenic differentiation compared to treatment with the GDF-5 wild type and similar levels compared to incubation with TGF-ß1, levels of chondrogenic hypertrophy were lower after induction with R57A and the GDF-5 wild type.

Conclusions
R57A is a stronger inducer of chondrogenesis in BMSCs than the GDF-5 wild type while leading to lower levels of chondrogenic hypertrophy in comparison with TGF-ß1.
KW  - bone marrow
KW  - cartilage
KW  - chondrogenesis
KW  - chondrogenic hypertrophy
KW  - mesenchymal stromal cell
KW  - GDF-5
KW  - R57A
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-357770
VL  - 10
ER  -