TY - JOUR A1 - Lange (geb. Hilt), Lydia T1 - Dominus contulit splendorem (Idt 10,4) : das Motiv der Schönheit im Buch Iudith N2 - The use of the motif of beauty in the Vulgate on the one hand and in LXX/HS 151 on the other hand reveals a conspicuous difference. While Judith just makes herself beautiful (Jdt 10,2-4 LXX/ Hs 151) and her original God-given beauty is a precondition (Jdt 8,7), in the Vulgate it is God who gives her beauty. So beauty is not an inherent part of Iudith's characterization anymore, to be seen in line with integrity and blessing by God as it was the case for the LXX and Hs 151. In the Vulgate beauty loses its significance, because Iudith is only given beauty in order to awake the hostile general Holofernis' desire, so that he will fall. While Holofernis is going to succumb to his evil desire, Iudith sets herself morally apart because of the contrary, her chastity, and because of that she is not initially characterized as beautiful, but as decent (elegans, Jdt 8,7). In Idt 10,4 virtue rather than desire is assigned to her. Because of her chaste way of life God predestines Iudith for the salvation, and this is what he makes her beautiful for. Therefore chastity is a central and specific virtue in the Iudith story in Vg. Iudith represents everything that Jerome describes as a Godfearing life, and therefore she is rewarded by God. Tue variants in Idt 8,7 and Idt 10,4 in comparison to the other text versions show St. Jerome's typical profile of the Iudith story and aim at this message. N2 - Die Verwendung des Motivs der Schönheit in Vg einerseits und in LXX/ Hs 151 andererseits zeigt eine auffällige Differenz. Während Judit sich in Jdt 10,2-4 LXX / Hs 151 nur schön macht und ursprünglich bereits als Gott gegebene Voraussetzung schön war (Jdt 8,7), lässt Idt 10,4 Vg sie durch das Handeln Gottes erst schön werden. Schönheit ist damit in der Vg nicht mehr länger fester Bestandteil der Figurencharakterisierung Iudiths und auf einer Linie mit innerer Rechtschaffenheit und göttlichem Segen zu sehen, wie es noch für LXX und Hs 151 galt. In der Vg verliert die Schönheit vielmehr an Bedeutung, denn Iudith erhält sie einzig und allein, um die Begierde des feindlichen Feldherrn zu wecken, damit dieser dadurch zu Fall kommt. Während Holofernis seiner negativ bewerteten Begierde unterliegen wird, ist es Iudith, die sich durch das Gegenteil, durch ihre „Keuschheit" (castitas), moralisch abhebt und darum zunächst nicht als schön, sondern als „anständig" (elegans) charakterisiert wird (Idt 8,7). In Idt 10,4 wird ihr dann die Tugend (virtus) statt der „Begierde" (libido) zugeordnet. Aufgrund ihrer keuschen Lebensweise wird Iudith von Gott zur rettenden Tat bestimmt, der sie zur Verwirklichung derselben schön macht. Die Keuschheit ist es, die den Leserinnen und Lesern, wie in der praefatio beschrieben, als nachahmungswürdiges Vorbild dienen soll. Iudith verkörpert damit all das, was in den hieronymianischen Schriften vielfach als rechtes Leben vor Gott beschrieben ist und wird dafür von Gott belohnt. Die Abänderungen in Idt 8 7 und Idt 10 ,4 im Vergleich zu den anderen Textfassungen zeigen das hieronymianische Profil der Iudith-Erzählung und zielen auf diese Botschaft hin. KW - Bibel. Judit KW - Schönheit KW - Septuaginta KW - Vulgata Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-137652 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drenckhahn, Detlev T1 - Morphologie und Jahreszyklus von Ficaria calthifolia Rchb. – eine neu etablierte Sippe in Deutschland T1 - Morphology and annual cycle of Ficaria calthifolia Rchb. – a recently established species for Germany JF - Forum Geobotanicum N2 - Ficaria calthifolia (diploide Form, Typ1) wurde kürzlich nord-westlich des geschlossenen südosteuropäischen Verbreitungsgebiet auch in Deutschland gefunden, nämlich in Würzburg (2006) und an Elbedeichen in Brandenburg (2014) und Sachsen (2015). Ficaria calthifolia ist durch das Fehlen von verlängerten mehrgliedrigen Stängeln und die Abwesenheit von Brutknollen in den Blattachseln gekennzeichnet. Die 1–2 (3) Stängel von Ficaria calthifolia verbleiben überwiegend im Boden (hypogäisch), können aber im Laufe der Anthese aus dem Boden hervorwachsen. Die gestielten Laubblätter setzen sich aus Grundblättern und einer Rosette von bis zu 8 Stängelblättern pro Stängel zusammen. Letztere entspringen aus dem terminalen Stängelknoten (Stängelblatt-rosette). In Würzburg kommen zwei Populationen von Ficaria calthifolia vor, diploide Typ1-Pflanzen und triploide Typ2-Pflanzen. Letztere sind robuster, besitzen größere Blüten (bis 4 cm) und entwickeln nur vereinzelte reife Nüsschen. Pflanzen mit höherem Ploidiegrad (wahrscheinlich pentaploid, Typ3) wurden auch gefunden. Etwa 60% der 3 bis 8 Blütenstiele von Typ1-Pflanzen besitzt kein Stängelblatt, der Rest einen Knoten mit 1 bis 2 (3) Hochblättern. Die Zahl der Kronblätter beträgt 8 (vereinzelt 9), die durchschnittliche Zahl reifer, eiförmiger Nüsschen pro Fruchtstand beträgt 7 (Würzburg) / 14 (Elbe) (maximal 26). Aus vom Rhizom abgebrochenen und im Mai gepflanzten Speicherknollen keimten im Spätherbst desselben Jahrs neue Pflanzen. Der Jahreszyklus des Wurzelsystems wird beschrieben. Durch spontane Ablösungen einzelner Speicherknollen findet eine vegetative Vermehrung statt. Neben Nüsschen wären abgebrochene Speicherknollen für die Fernansiedlung der Sippe an Elbe (u.a. Verschleppung durch Hochwasser) und Main (Verschleppung durch Schiffe und andere Vektoren) ausreichend. N2 - Ficaria calthifolia (typical diploid form, type1) has recently been discovered to grow outside its southeastern European distribution area also in Germany, namely in Northern Bavaria (Würzburg) and at dikes of the river Elbe in Brandenburg and Saxony. Ficaria calthifolia is distinguished from Ficaria verna by the absence of both elongated multisegmental stems and axillary tubers (bulbils). The 1–2 (3) short stems of Ficaria calthifolia remain mostly underground and may extend during anthesis few cm above ground. Leaves form a rosette-like cluster consisting of ground leaves (directly arising from the rhizome) and a rosette of up to 8 stem-leaves that emanate from the single (terminal) node of the short stems. The majority of flower stalks are leafless (true pedicles) but about 40% contain a single, a pair or rarely a triplet of petiolate leaves. The number of petals is 8 (9). Diploid Ficaria calthifolia is fertile with average 7 (Würzburg) to 14 nutlets (Elbe population) per head (maximum 26). In Würzburg also triploid plants (type2) were encountered being more robust than diploid plants with larger flowers, larger blades and largely abortive nutlets. A small population of plants (type3) with higher numbers of chromosomes (probably pentaploid) was also found. Plants intermediate between Ficaria calthifolia and Ficaria verna are readily distinguished by axillary tubers at stem leaves. Tubers removed from rhizome of Ficaria calthifolia and planted in soil in May gave rise to new plants sprouting in late autumn. Annual cycle of the root system is described. Spontaneous shedding of tubers from rhizome appears to be a regular mechanism of vegetative proliferation of Ficaria calthifolia. Thus, accidental displacement not only of nutlets but also of tubers via rivers (i.e. river Elbe) or by other (anthropogenic) vectors could be sufficient for north-westward expansion of the distribution area. KW - Ficaria calthifolia KW - Morphotype KW - Ficaria verna KW - Karyotyp KW - morphotypes KW - karyotypes Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-136225 UR - http://www.forum-geobotanicum.net/articles/vol_7-2016/drenckhahn_ficaria/drenckhahn_ficaria_calthifolia.pdf SN - 1867-9315 VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilhelm, Gernot T1 - Probleme der hethitischen Chronologie JF - Orientalische Literaturzeitung N2 - No abstract available. KW - Hethiter KW - Geschichte Y1 - 1991 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128499 VL - 86 IS - 5/6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, Reinhold A1 - Lange, Hartwig A1 - Bentlage, Anke A1 - Sheldrick, William S. A1 - Ernst, Ludger T1 - 2.2.5.5-Tetraorganyl-1.4-dioxa-2.5-disilacyclohexane/2,2,5,5-Tetraorganyl-1,4-dioxa-2,5-disilacyclohexanes JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - The 2,2,5,5-tetraorganyl-1,4-dioxa-2,5-disilacyclohexanes 2a-2c were prepared by condensation of the corresponding (hydroxymethyl)diorganylsilanes 1 a-1 c. The constitution of the heterocycles was confirmed by elemental analyses, cryoscopic measurements, mass spectrometry, and NMR-spectroscopic \((^1H, ^{13}C)\) investigations. The molecular structure of 2 b was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. KW - 1,4-Dioxa-2 KW - 5-disila-cyclohexane ring system KW - synthesis KW - structure Y1 - 1983 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128423 VL - 38 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, Reinhold A1 - Lange, Hartwig A1 - Sheldrick, William S. A1 - Lambrecht, Günter A1 - Moser, Ulrich A1 - Mutschler, Ernst T1 - Sila-Pharmaka, 31. Mitt. [1] Synthese, Struktur und pharmakologische Eigenschaften von Diphenyl(2-piperidinoethoxymethyl)silanol und seinem Kohlenstoff-Analogon T1 - Sila-Pharmaca, 31 th Communication [1] Synthesis, Structure, and Pharmacological Properties of Diphenyl(2-piperidinoethoxymethyl)silanol and its Carbon Analogue JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - In the course of systematic investigations on sila-substituted parasympatholytics the diphenyl(2-aminoethoxymethyl)silanols 3b and 4b (and its carbon analogue 4a) were synthesized and characterized by their physical and chemical properties. In the solid state 4a and 4b form strong O-H---N hydrogen bonds, which are intramolecular (4a) and intermolecular (4b), respectively. 4a and 4b were found to be weak antimuscarinic agents (4b >4a) and strong papaverine-like spasmolytics (4a ≈4b). KW - antimuscarinic and papaverine-like activity KW - sila-substitution KW - crystal and molecular structure Y1 - 1983 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128410 VL - 38 IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, Reinhold A1 - Linoh, Haryanto A1 - Attar-Bashi, Moayad T. A1 - Sheldrick, William S. A1 - Ernst, Ludger A1 - Niedner, Roland A1 - Frohnecke, Joachim T1 - Sila-Pharmaka, 26. Mitt. [1] Darstellung und Eigenschaften potentiell curarewirksamer Silicium-Verbindungen, III T1 - Sila-Pharmaca, 26th Communication [1] Preparation and Properties of Silicon Compounds with Potential Curare-Like Activity, III JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - The potentially curare-like silicon compounds 8a- 8f were synthesized and investigated with respect to their structure-activity relationships. The conformations of the compounds in the solid state and in solution were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis (8a- 8e) and IR NMR spectroscopy (8a- 8f), respectively. The muscle relaxing properties of 8a- 8f were investigated on the mouse. The observed structure-activity relationships are not in accordance with the classical "14 Å model" for neuromuscular blocking agents. KW - structure-activity relationships KW - X-ray KW - curare-lik activity KW - silicon compounds KW - conformational anaylses Y1 - 1982 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128402 VL - 37 IS - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, R. A1 - Strecker, M. A1 - Sheldrick, W. S. A1 - Heeg, E. A1 - Berndt, B. A1 - Knapstein, K. M. T1 - Sila-Pharmaka, 14. Mitt. Darstellung und Eigenschaften sowie Kristall-und Molekülstruktur von Sila-Difenidol JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - Sila-difenidol (6b), a sila-analogue of the drug difenidol (6a), was synthesized according to Scheme 1. 6b and its new precursors 3 and 5 were characterized by their physical and chemical properties, and their structures confirmed by elementary analyses, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. 6 b crystallizes orthorhombic \(P2_12_12_1\) with a = 11.523(1), b = 14.366(4), c = 11.450(1) Å, Z = 4, \(D_{ber} = 1.14 gcm^{-3}\). The structure was refined to R = 0.050 for 1897 reflexions. A strong nearly linear intramolecular O-H···N hydrogen bond of 2.685 Å is observed. The anticholinergic, histaminolytic and musculotropic spasmolytic activities of 6 a and 6 b are reported. KW - sila-difenidol KW - syntheses KW - crystal structure KW - molecular structure KW - biological activity Y1 - 1979 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128391 VL - 34 IS - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, R. A1 - Bentlage, A. A1 - Sheldrick, W. S. A1 - Ernst, L. A1 - Towart, R. A1 - Stoepel, K. T1 - Sila-Pharmaka, 24. Mitt. [1]. Sila-Analoga von Nifedipin-ähnlichen 4-Aryl-2.6-dimethyl-1.4-dihydropyridin- 3.5-dicarbonsäure-dialkylestern, II. T1 - Sila-Drugs, 24th Communication [1]. Sila-Analogues of Nifedipine-Like Dialkyl 4-Aryl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine- 3,5-dicarboxylates, II. JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - In the course of systematic studies on sila-substituted drugs the nifedipine-like 1.4-dihydropyridine derivatives 4a, 4b and 4c were prepared and investigated with respect to sila-substitution effects. By X-ray diffraction analyses 4a, 4b and 4c were found to be isostructural. The C/Si-analogues exhibit similar spasmolytic activities (in vitro, guinea pig ileum), comparable with that of nifedipine. However, the compounds differ substantially in their in vivo activity, as measured by the antihypertensive effect on the renal-hypertensive rat. The experimental results are discussed with respect to the carbon/silicon exchange. KW - sila-analogues of Nifedipine derivatives KW - X-ray KW - pharmacological activity KW - structure-activity relationships Y1 - 1982 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128381 VL - 37 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, Reinhold A1 - Linoh, Haryanto A1 - Stumpf, Burghard A1 - Abraham, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Kieslich, Klaus A1 - Ernst, Ludger T1 - Mikrobiologische Umwandlung von Silicium-Verbindungen: Enantioselektive Reduktion von Acetessigsäure-(trimethylsilylalkyl)estern und deren Carba-Analoga T1 - Microbiological Transformation of Silicon Compounds: Enantioselective Reduction of Trimethylsilylalkyl Acetoacetates and their Carba-Analogues JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - The trimethylsilylalkyl acetoacetates 1 b and 2 b as well as their carba analogues 1 a and 2 a have been reduced microbiologically by Kloeckera corticis (ATCC 20109), leading to the corresponding ( + )-3(S)-hydroxybutanoates 3b, 4b, 3a, and 4a. The enantiomeric purity was found to be 80% (3a, 3b, 4b) and 65% (4a), respectively. The reduction of lb and 2b is - to our knowledge - the first example for a controlled microbiological transformation of organosilicon substrates. KW - enantioselective reduction KW - microbiological transformation KW - silicon compounds Y1 - 1983 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128304 VL - 38 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tacke, Reinhold A1 - Link, Matthias A1 - Bentlage-Felten, Anke A1 - Zilch, Harald T1 - Zum thermischen Verhalten einiger Kohlensäure[(methylphenylsilyl)methyl]ester-Derivate T1 - On the Thermal Behaviour of Some (Methylphenylsilyl)methyl Carbonate Derivatives JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B N2 - The synthesis and the thermal behaviour of the (methylphenylsilyl)methyl carbonates \(CH_3(C_6H_5)Si(H)CH_2OC(O)X (6: X = OCH_3; 7: X = Cl; 8: X = N(CH_3)_2)\) is described. 8 rearranges in toluene solution at 100 °C quantitatively to give the carbam oyloxysilane \(C_6H_5(CH_3)_2SiOC(O)N(CH_3)_2\) (11), whereas neat 6 and 7 at 135 °C undergo quantitative formation of \(C_6H_5(CH_3)_2SiOCH_3\) (12) and \(C_6H_5(CH_3)_2SiCl\) (13), respectively. The formation of 12 and 13 is explained by a rearrangement reaction (by analogy to the rearrangement of 8), follow ed by a decarboxylation. The thermally induced transformations 6 →12, 7 →13, and 8 →11 were found to be first-order reactions with half-lifes of ~2.6 h (135 °C, neat), ~4.5 h (135 °C, neat), and ~3.7 h (100 °C, in toluene), respectively. KW - decarboxylation KW - (Methylphenylsilyl)methyl carbonates KW - rearrangement KW - dimethylphenylsilyl carbonates Y1 - 1985 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-128293 VL - 40 IS - 7 ER -