TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moremi, Nyambura
A1  - Claus, Heike
A1  - Vogel, Ulrich
A1  - Mshana, Stephen E.
T1  - The role of patients and healthcare workers Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in occurrence of surgical site infection among patients admitted in two centers in Tanzania
JF  - Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control
N2  - Background
Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus has been identified as a risk for subsequent occurrence of infection. This study investigated the relationship between S. aureus colonization of patients and healthcare workers (HCWs), and subsequent surgical site infections (SSI).

Methods
Between December 2014 and September 2015, a total of 930 patients and 143 HCWs were enrolled from the Bugando Medical Centre and Sekou Toure hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania. On admission and discharge nasal swabs, with an additional of wound swab for those who developed SSI were collected from patients whereas HCWs were swabbed once. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done by VITEK-MS and VITEK-2, respectively. Detection of Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL) and mecA genes was done by PCR. S. aureus isolates were further characterized by spa typing and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST).

Results
Among 930 patients screened for S. aureus on admission, 129 (13.9%) were positive of which 5.4% (7/129) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Amongst 363 patients rescreened on discharge, 301 patients had been tested negative on admission of whom 29 (9.6%) turned positive after their hospital stay. Three (10.3%) of the 29 acquired S. aureus were MRSA. Inducible Clindamycin resistance occurred more often among acquired S. aureus isolates than among isolates from admission [34.5% (10/29) vs. 17.1% (22/129), P = 0.018]. S. aureus contributed to 21.1% (n = 12) of the 57 cases of investigated SSIs among 536 patients followed. Seven out of eight S. aureus carriage/infection pairs had the same spa and sequence types. The previously reported dominant PVL-positive ST88 MRSA strain with spa type t690 was detected in patients and HCW.

Conclusion
A significant proportion of patients acquired S. aureus during hospitalization. The finding of more than 90% of S. aureus SSI to be of endogenous source underscores the need of improving infection prevention and control measures including screening and decolonization of high risk patients.
KW  - S. aureus
KW  - colonization
KW  - surgical site infection
KW  - Tanzania
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-224185
VL  - 8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Neumann, Yvonne
A1  - Ohlsen, Knut
A1  - Donat, Stefanie
A1  - Engelmann, Susanne
A1  - Kusch, Harald
A1  - Albrecht, Dirk
A1  - Cartron, Michael
A1  - Hurd, Alexander
A1  - Foster, Simon J.
T1  - The effect of skin fatty acids on Staphylococcus aureus
JF  - Archives of Microbiology
N2  - Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal of the human nose and skin. Human skin fatty acids, in particular cis-6-hexadecenoic acid (C-6-H), have high antistaphylococcal activity and can inhibit virulence determinant production. Here, we show that sub-MIC levels of C-6-H result in induction of increased resistance. The mechanism(s) of C-6-H activity was investigated by combined transcriptome and proteome analyses. Proteome analysis demonstrated a pleiotropic effect of C-6-H on virulence determinant production. In response to C-6-H, transcriptomics revealed altered expression of over 500 genes, involved in many aspects of virulence and cellular physiology. The expression of toxins (hla, hlb, hlgBC) was reduced, whereas that of host defence evasion components (cap, sspAB, katA) was increased. In particular, members of the SaeRS regulon had highly reduced expression, and the use of specific mutants revealed that the effect on toxin production is likely mediated via SaeRS
KW  - S. aureus
KW  - skin fatty acid
KW  - C-6-H
KW  - resistance
Y1  - 2015
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-121657
VL  - 197
ER  -