TY - THES A1 - Grenz, Eleonore T1 - Echokardiographische Quantifizierung der linksventrikulären Funktion mit Hilfe von lungengängigem Kontrastmittel zur Verbesserung der Endokarderkennung T1 - Echocardiographic quantification of left ventricular function using ultrasound contrast agent for better endocardial opacification N2 - Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die echokardiographisch mit und ohne KM ermittelten linksventrikulären Volumina und EF mit der lävokardiographisch bestimmtem Daten zu vergleichen, um zu bestimmen, unter welchen Bedingungen KM in der kardiologischen Diagnostik hilfreich sein kann. Es konnte speziell für die echokardiographisch mit KM ermittelte linksventrikuläre enddiastolische Volumen (LVEDV) eine Verbesserung der Bestimmung ermittelt werden. Und somit wurde auch die Bestimmung der EF nach Simpson durch den Einsatz von EF genauer. Als einzige der drei untersuchten Subgruppen konnte für Patienten mit Adipositas verdeutlicht werden, daß in diesem Fall die echokardiographische Diagnostik durch KM verbessert wird. Auch die echokardiographische Endokardabgrenzung mit KM war im Schnitt besser als ohne KM. Einen besonderen Vorteil stellt die Kontrastechokardiographie für einen unerfahrenen Untersucher dar. KW - Echokardiographie KW - EF KW - Kontrastmittel KW - Lävokardiographie KW - Endokarderkennung KW - echocardiographic KW - ejection fraction KW - ultrasound contrast KW - endocardial opacification Y1 - 2002 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-7374 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hoyer, Caroline T1 - Diagnostische Wertigkeit der nativen und der kontrastmittelverstärkten Dobutamin-Stressechokardiographie und der Gewebedoppleruntersuchung bei Patienten mit angiographisch mittelgradigen Koronarstenosen T1 - Diagnostic value of the native and the contrast-enhanced Dobutamin-stressechocardiography and the tissue velocity imaging in patients with angiographically intermediate coronary stenosis N2 - Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen sind weltweit die häufigste Ursache für Tod oder Hospitalisation. Um die Mortalitätsrate an KHK, Myokardinfarkt und Herzinsuffizienz günstig zu beeinflussen, ist es wichtig, eine chronisch ischämische Herzkrankheit möglichst frühzeitig zu diagnostizieren, ihren Schweregrad richtig einzuschätzen und entsprechend früh zu therapieren. In der Koronarangiographie kann eine Aussage über die hämodynamische Relevanz einer mittelgradigen Koronarstenose rein visuell nicht eindeutig getroffen werden. Deshalb fordern die Leitlinien der kardiologischen Fachgesellschaften vor einer Koronarintervention den Nachweis der hämodynamischen Relevanz einer Stenose mittels Ischämietest. Die vorliegende Studie prüfte die diagnostische Wertigkeit der nativen und der kontrastmittelverstärkten Dobutamin-Stressechokardiographie (DSE) sowie der Gewebedoppleruntersuchung bei Patienten mit angiographisch mittelgradigen Koronarstenosen. Als Referenzmethoden dienten zum Nachweis der hämodynamischen Relevanz einer mittelgradigen Koronarstenose die während der Herzkatheteruntersuchung durchgeführte Druckdrahtmessung mit Bestimmung der fraktionellen Flussreserve (FFR) sowie die Myokard-Perfusions-Szintigraphie und Laevokardiographie für die Bestimmung der linksventrikulären Auswurffraktion (EF). In der vorliegenden Studie wurden 70 Patienten (mittleres Alter 65 Jahre, 45 Männer) mit einer koronarangiographisch visuell mittelgradigen Koronarstenose (50-75%) mit den oben genannten Methoden untersucht. Unsere Ergebnisse bestätigten, dass sich durch Applikation eines Ultraschallkontrastmittels bei der echokardiographischen Untersuchung die Endokarddelineation in klinisch relevantem Ausmaße verbessern lässt. Ein besonders großer Nutzen wurde für die Segmente nachgewiesen, die in der nativen Bildgebung schlecht darstellbar waren. Unter den Bedingungen einer Belastungsuntersuchung wie z.B. einer Dobutamin-Stressechokardiographie (DSE) war dieser Vorteil noch deutlicher ausgeprägt als unter Ruhebedingungen. Die diagnostische Aussagekraft der DSE hinsichtlich belastungsinduzierter Wandbewegungsstörungen in den durch das mittelgradig stenosierte Gefäß perfundierten Myokardarealen stieg nach der Applikation von Ultraschallkontrastmittel signifikant an und gelangte dadurch erst in diagnostisch sinnvolle Bereiche. Auch wenn die vom mittelgradig stenosierten Gefäß perfundierten linksventrikulären Segmente nativ gut darstellbar waren, wurde durch die Kontrastmittelapplikation die Sensitivität und Spezifität der Untersuchung signifikant erhöht. Vom Standpunkt der diagnostischen Sicherheit und des diagnostischen Zugewinns ist es deshalb sinnvoll, bei jeder DSE ein Ultraschallkontrastmittel zu verwenden. Ähnlich verhielt es sich mit der Bestimmung der linksventrikulären EF. Zwischen der mittels Myokard-Perfusions-Szintigraphie bzw. Laevokardiographie bestimmten und der in der echokardiographisch nativ gemessenen EF bestand keine signifikante Korrelation. Erst unter Zuhilfenahme von Kontrastmittel war eine signifikante Korrelation nachweisbar. Im Bland-Altman-Plot zeigte sich konsistent eine Abnahme der Streuung nach Applikation des Kontrastmittels. Aus diesen Beobachtungen folgerten wir, dass die verbesserte Endokarddelineation nach Kontrastmittelapplikation zu einer reliableren Bestimmung der EF führt. Der Gewebedoppler ist eine echokardiographische Methode mit hohem prädiktivem Wert für beginnende Wandbewegungsstörungen und durch Weiterentwicklung der Software und Vereinfachung der Auswertung sowie durch Validierung von cut-off Werten an größeren Patientenkollektiven eine zukunftsfähige Methode zur nicht invasiven Ischämiediagnostik. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigten eine fehlende Zunahme der maximalen strain rate, eine Abnahme des systolischen strain und eine signifikant größere Zunahme der postsystolischen Wanddickenzunahme bei Patienten mit pathologischer FFR. Dies stand im Gegensatz zu einer Zunahme der maximalen strain rate, einem gleichbleibenden systolischen strain und einer signifikant geringeren Zunahme der postsystolischen Wanddickenzunahme bei Patienten, deren Koronarstenose nicht hämodynamisch relevant war. Wir folgerten, dass sich anhand dieser für eine Myokardischämie typischen Charakteristika untersucherunabhängig und objektivierbar die hämodynamische Relevanz einer Koronarstenose korrekt diagnostizieren lässt. Für das praktische Vorgehen bei der myokardialen Ischämiediagnostik bedeuten die hier vorgelegten Ergebnisse, dass die Applikation von Ultraschallkontrastmittel in der Echokardiographie zu einer besseren Endokarddelineation, zu einer besseren Beurteilbarkeit der Wandbewegung und zu einer verlässlicheren Bestimmung der linksventrikulären EF führt. Die Kontrastmittelapplikation resultiert in einer diagnostisch wertvolleren Aussage und sollte daher insbesondere bei Patienten mit angiographisch schwer beurteilbaren mittelgradigen Stenosen zur Ischämiediagnostik routinemäßig herangezogen werden. Eine Ergänzung der Untersuchung durch Myokarddoppler-Messungen kann die Diagnose weiter absichern. N2 - Cardiovascular diseases and its main contributor, ie, coronary artery disease (CAD), are the leading cause of death and hospitalisation worldwide. In order to lower the CAD associated rates of mortality as well as myocardial infarction and heart failure, early and precise diagnosis is mandatory. It is not reliably possible to evaluate the hemodynamic relevance of an intermediate coronary stenosis by visual examination only. Therefore, the current guidelines recommend to confirm the hemodynamic relevance of an intermediate stenosis before coronary intervention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) with and without using an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) as well as the diagnostic value of the tissue velocity imaging in this context. As reference standard for the verification of the hemodynamic relevance of intermediate coronary stenoses the intracoronary measurement of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) was chosen. As reference standards for the measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) levocardiography and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy were chosen. The current study examined 70 patients (mean age 64,6 years, 45 men) with an intermediate coronary stenosis (50-75%) as detected by coronary angiography. Our results confirmed that the UCA application significantly improved the echocardiographic endocardial border delineation. In particular, a large benefit was observed in segments poorly visualized in native DSE. Under stress conditions, ie, DSE, this benefit was even more evident compared with resting conditions. The diagnostic utility of stress-induced wall motion abnormalities in DSE increased significantly with the help of UCA. In fact, in many cases, DSE interpretation was only clinically meaningful in UCA aided examinations. Even in instances when the left ventricular segments were well defined in native DSE, the application of the UCA significantly augmented the sensitivity and specificity with respect to stress-induced wall motion abnormalities. We hence conclude that it is justified to use UCA in DSE regularly to attain incremental diagnostic information and improve the diagnostic precision. No correlation was observed between the EF measured by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and levocardiography, respectively, and the echocardiographically measured EF. However, using the UCA we reached a good correlation. Consistently, in Bland-Altman plots, a clinically relevant decrease of variance and the standard deviation was observed. We concluded that better left ventricular wall delineation leads also to a more reliable left ventricular EF measurement. Tissue velocity imaging has a high predictive value for beginning wall motion abnormalities and, as a consequence of advance of hard- and software and implementation in clinical practice, might be helpful in the non-invasive diagnostic work-up of myocardial ischemia. The current study observed the absence of an increase of the peak strain rate, a decrease of the systolic strain, and a significantly greater increase of the post systolic thickening in patients who had a pathological FFR. In contrast, there was an increase of the peak strain rate, a consistent systolic strain and a significantly smaller increase of the post systolic thickening in patients with normal FFR. We concluded that on the basis of these characteristics for stress-induced myocardial ischaemia, it is reliably possible to differentiate the hemodynamic relevance of an intermediate coronary stenosis using tissue velocity imaging. In summary, the application of UCA in echocardiography enables a better endocardial border delineation resulting in improved assessment of wall motion abnormalities under resting and stress conditions, a more reliable measurement of the left ventricular EF and, thus, in qualitatively and quantitatively better diagnostic information. Adding information using tissue velocity imaging might further improve the diagnostic precision in myocardial ischemia imaging. KW - Echokardiographie KW - Ultraschallkontrastmittel KW - Gewebedoppler KW - EF KW - Dobutamin-Stressechokardiographie KW - echocardiography KW - ultrasound contrast agent KW - tissue velocitiy imaging KW - ejection fraction KW - dobutamin-stressechocardiography Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-17209 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Dan A1 - Hu, Kai A1 - Niemann, Markus A1 - Herrmann, Sebastian A1 - Cikes, Maja A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Beer, Meinrad A1 - Gaudron, Philipp Daniel A1 - Morbach, Caroline A1 - Knop, Stefan A1 - Geissinger, Eva A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Bijnens, Bart A1 - Weidemann, Frank T1 - Impact of Regional Left Ventricular Function on Outcome for Patients with AL Amyloidosis JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Objectives The aim of this study was to explore the left ventricular (LV) deformation changes and the potential impact of deformation on outcome in patients with proven light-chain (AL) amyloidosis and LV hypertrophy. Background Cardiac involvement in AL amyloidosis patients is associated with poor outcome. Detecting regional cardiac function by advanced non-invasive techniques might be favorable for predicting outcome. Methods LV longitudinal, circumferential and radial peak systolic strains (Ssys) were assessed by speckle tracking imaging (STI) in 44 biopsy-proven systemic AL amyloidosis patients with LV hypertrophy (CA) and in 30 normal controls. Patients were divided into compensated (n = 18) and decompensated (n = 26) group based on clinical assessment and followed-up for a median period of 345 days. Results Ejection fraction (EF) was preserved while longitudinal Ssys (LSsys) was significantly reduced in both compensated and decompensated groups. Survival was significantly reduced in decompensated group (35% vs. compensated 78%, P = 0.001). LSsys were similar in apical segments and significantly reduced in basal segments between two patient groups. LSsys at mid-segments were significantly reduced in all LV walls of decompensated group. Patients were further divided into 4 subgroups according to the presence or absence of reduced LSsys in no (normal), only basal (mild), basal and mid (intermediate) and all segments of the septum (severe). This staging revealed continuously worse prognosis in proportion to increasing number of segments with reduced LSsys (mortality: normal 14%, mild 27%, intermediate 67%, and severe 64%). Mid-septum LSsys<11% suggested a 4.8-fold mortality risk than mid-septum LSsys≥11%. Multivariate regression analysis showed NYHA class and mid-septum LSsys were independent predictors for survival. Conclusions Reduced deformation at mid-septum is associated with worse prognosis in systemic amyloidosis patients with LV hypertrophy. KW - regression analysis KW - ejection fraction KW - echocardiography KW - cardiac transplantation KW - deformation KW - amyloidosis KW - prognosis KW - stem cell transplantation Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130293 VL - 8 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Dan A1 - Hu, Kai A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Herrmann, Sebastian A1 - Kramer, Bastian A1 - Cikes, Maja A1 - Gaudron, Philipp Daniel A1 - Knop, Stefan A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Bijnens, Bart A1 - Weidemann, Frank T1 - Predictive Value of Assessing Diastolic Strain Rate on Survival in Cardiac Amyloidosis Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Objectives: Since diastolic abnormalities are typical findings of cardiac amyloidosis (CA), we hypothesized that speckle-tracking-imaging (STI) derived longitudinal early diastolic strain rate (LSRdias) could predict outcome in CA patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF >50%). Background: Diastolic abnormalities including altered early filling are typical findings and are related to outcome in CA patients. Reduced longitudinal systolic strain (LSsys) assessed by STI predicts increased mortality in CA patients. It remains unknown if LSRdias also related to outcome in these patients. Methods: Conventional echocardiography and STI were performed in 41 CA patients with preserved LVEF (25 male; mean age 65±9 years). Global and segmental LSsys and LSRdias were obtained in six LV segments from apical 4-chamber views. Results: Nineteen (46%) out of 41 CA patients died during a median of 16 months (quartiles 5–35 months) follow-up. Baseline mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE, 6±2 vs. 8±3 mm), global LSRdias and basal-septal LSRdias were significantly lower in non-survivors than in survivors (all p<0.05). NYHA class, number of non-cardiac organs involved, MAPSE, mid-septal LSsys, global LSRdias, basal-septal LSRdias and E/LSRdias were the univariable predictors of all-cause death. Multivariable analysis showed that number of non-cardiac organs involved (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–3.26, P = 0.010), global LSRdias (HR = 7.30, 95% CI 2.08–25.65, P = 0.002), and E/LSRdias (HR = 2.98, 95% CI 1.54–5.79, P = 0.001) remained independently predictive of increased mortality risk. The prognostic performance of global LSRdias was optimal at a cutoff value of 0.85 S−1 (sensitivity 68%, specificity 67%). Global LSRdias <0.85 S−1 predicted a 4-fold increased mortality in CA patients with preserved LVEF. Conclusions: STI-derived early diastolic strain rate is a powerful independent predictor of survival in CA patients with preserved LVEF. KW - diagnostic medicine KW - echocardiography KW - prognosis KW - calcium imaging KW - ejection fraction KW - death rates KW - amyloidosis KW - deformation Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-118024 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Fleischer, Anna A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Rücker, Viktoria A1 - Mackenrodt, Daniel A1 - Morbach, Caroline A1 - Malzahn, Uwe A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph A1 - Störk, Stefan A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care handheld echocardiography in acute ischemic stroke patients - a pilot study JF - BMC Neurology N2 - Background: Standard echocardiography (SE) is an essential part of the routine diagnostic work-up after ischemic stroke (IS) and also serves for research purposes. However, access to SE is often limited. We aimed to assess feasibility and accuracy of point-of-care (POC) echocardiography in a stroke unit (SU) setting. Methods: IS patients were recruited on the SU of the University Hospital Würzburg, Germany. Two SU team members were trained in POC echocardiography for a three-month period to assess a set of predefined cardiac parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Diagnostic agreement was assessed by comparing POC with SE executed by an expert sonographer, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) or kappa (κ) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results: In the 78 patients receiving both POC and SE agreement for cardiac parameters was good, with ICC varying from 0.82 (95% CI 0.71–0.89) to 0.93 (95% CI 0.87–0.96), and κ from 0.39 (−95% CI 0.14–0.92) to 0.79 (95% CI 0.67–0.91). Detection of systolic dysfunction with POC echocardiography compared to SE was very good, with an area under the curve of 0.99 (0.96–1.00). Interrater agreement for LVEF measured by POC echocardiography was good with κ 0.63 (95% CI 0.40–0.85). Conclusions: POC echocardiography in a SU setting is feasible enabling reliable quantification of LVEF and preliminary assessment of selected cardiac parameters that might be used for research purposes. Its potential clinical utility in triaging stroke patients who should undergo or do not necessarily require SE needs to be investigated in larger prospective diagnostic studies. KW - ischemic stroke KW - systolic dysfunction KW - point-of-care echocardiography KW - ejection fraction KW - stroke unit KW - feasibility KW - accuracy Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-158081 VL - 17 IS - 159 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eissler, Cristoph A1 - Werner, Rudolf A. A1 - Arias-Loza, Paula A1 - Nose, Naoko A1 - Chen, Xinyu A1 - Pomper, Martin G. A1 - Rowe, Steven P. A1 - Lapa, Constantin A1 - Buck, Andreas K. A1 - Higuchi, Takahiro T1 - The number of frames on ECG-gated \(^{18}\)F-FDG small animal PET has a significant impact on LV systolic and diastolic functional parameters JF - Molecular Imaging N2 - Objectives. This study is aimed at investigating the impact of frame numbers in preclinical electrocardiogram- (ECG-) gated \(^{18}\)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (\(^{18}\)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) on systolic and diastolic left ventricular (LV) parameters in rats. Methods. \(^{18}\)F-FDG PET imaging using a dedicated small animal PET system with list mode data acquisition and continuous ECG recording was performed in diabetic and control rats. The list-mode data was sorted and reconstructed with different numbers of frames (4, 8, 12, and 16) per cardiac cycle into tomographic images. Using an automatic ventricular edge detection software, left ventricular (LV) functional parameters, including ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic (EDV), and end-systolic volume (ESV), were calculated. Diastolic variables (time to peak filling (TPF), first third mean filling rate (1/3 FR), and peak filling rate (PFR)) were also assessed. Results. Significant differences in multiple parameters were observed among the reconstructions with different frames per cardiac cycle. EDV significantly increased by numbers of frames (353.8 & PLUSMN; 57.7 mu l*, 380.8 & PLUSMN; 57.2 mu l*, 398.0 & PLUSMN; 63.1 mu l*, and 444.8 & PLUSMN; 75.3 mu l at 4, 8, 12, and 16 frames, respectively; *P < 0.0001 vs. 16 frames), while systolic (EF) and diastolic (TPF, 1/3 FR and PFR) parameters were not significantly different between 12 and 16 frames. In addition, significant differences between diabetic and control animals in 1/3 FR and PFR in 16 frames per cardiac cycle were observed (P < 0.005), but not for 4, 8, and 12 frames. Conclusions. Using ECG-gated PET in rats, measurements of cardiac function are significantly affected by the frames per cardiac cycle. Therefore, if you are going to compare those functional parameters, a consistent number of frames should be used. KW - Myocardial-perfusion SPECT KW - left-ventricular function KW - ejection fraction KW - MRI Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265778 VL - 2021 ER -