TY  - JOUR
A1  - Li, Shan
A1  - Li, Xin
A1  - Link, Roman
A1  - Li, Ren
A1  - Deng, Liping
A1  - Schuldt, Bernhard
A1  - Jiang, Xiaomei
A1  - Zhao, Rongjun
A1  - Zheng, Jingming
A1  - Li, Shuang
A1  - Yin, Yafang
T1  - Influence of cambial age and axial height on the spatial patterns of xylem traits in Catalpa bungei, a ring-porous tree species native to China
JF  - Forests
N2  - Studying how cambial age and axial height affects wood anatomical traits may improve our understanding of xylem hydraulics, heartwood formation and axial growth. Radial strips were collected from six different heights (0–11.3 m) along the main trunk of three Manchurian catalpa (Catalpa bungei) trees, yielding 88 samples. In total, thirteen wood anatomical vessel and fiber traits were observed usinglight microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and linear models were used to analyse the combined effect of axial height, cambial age and their interaction. Vessel diameter differed by about one order of magnitude between early- and latewood, and increased significantly with both cambial age and axial height in latewood, while it was positively affected by cambial age and independent of height in earlywood. Vertical position further had a positive effect on earlywood vessel density, and negative effects on fibre wall thickness, wall thickness to diameter ratio and length. Cambial age had positive effects on the pit membrane diameter and vessel element length, while the annual diameter growth decreased with both cambial age and axial position. In contrast, early- and latewood fiber diameter were unaffected by both cambial age and axial height. We further observed an increasing amount of tyloses from sapwood to heartwood, accompanied by an increase of warty layers and amorphous deposits on cell walls, bordered pit membranes and pit apertures. This study highlights the significant effects of cambial age and vertical position on xylem anatomical traits, and confirms earlier work that cautions to take into account xylem spatial position when interpreting wood anatomical structures, and thus, xylem hydraulic functioning.
KW  - wood anatomy
KW  - vertical and radial variation
KW  - earlywood
KW  - latewood
KW  - growth ring width
KW  - tyloses
KW  - pit membrane diameter
KW  - vessel lumen diameter
KW  - fibre length
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196297
SN  - 1999-4907
VL  - 10
IS  - 8
ER  -