TY - JOUR A1 - Popp, Sandy A1 - Schmitt-Böhrer, Angelika A1 - Langer, Simon A1 - Hofmann, Ulrich A1 - Hommers, Leif A1 - Schuh, Kai A1 - Frantz, Stefan A1 - Lesch, Klaus-Peter A1 - Frey, Anna T1 - 5-HTT Deficiency in Male Mice Affects Healing and Behavior after Myocardial Infarction JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine N2 - Anxiety disorders and depression are common comorbidities in cardiac patients. Mice lacking the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) exhibit increased anxiety-like behavior. However, the role of 5-HTT deficiency on cardiac aging, and on healing and remodeling processes after myocardial infarction (MI), remains unclear. Cardiological evaluation of experimentally naïve male mice revealed a mild cardiac dysfunction in ≥4-month-old 5-HTT knockout (−/−) animals. Following induction of chronic cardiac dysfunction (CCD) by MI vs. sham operation 5-HTT−/− mice with infarct sizes >30% experienced 100% mortality, while 50% of 5-HTT+/− and 37% of 5-HTT+/+ animals with large MI survived the 8-week observation period. Surviving (sham and MI < 30%) 5-HTT−/− mutants displayed reduced exploratory activity and increased anxiety-like behavior in different approach-avoidance tasks. However, CCD failed to provoke a depressive-like behavioral response in either 5-Htt genotype. Mechanistic analyses were performed on mice 3 days post-MI. Electrocardiography, histology and FACS of inflammatory cells revealed no abnormalities. However, gene expression of inflammation-related cytokines (TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-6) and MMP-2, a protein involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix, was significantly increased in 5-HTT−/− mice after MI. This study shows that 5-HTT deficiency leads to age-dependent cardiac dysfunction and disrupted early healing after MI probably due to alterations of inflammatory processes in mice. KW - chronic heart failure KW - myocardial infarction KW - serotonin transporter deficient mice KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - behavior KW - inflammation Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242739 SN - 2077-0383 VL - 10 IS - 14 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wong, Alex H. K. A1 - Pittig, Andre T1 - A dimensional measure of safety behavior: A non-dichotomous assessment of costly avoidance in human fear conditioning JF - Psychological Research N2 - Safety behavior prevents the occurrence of threat, thus it is typically considered adaptive. However, safety behavior in anxiety-related disorders is often costly, and persists even the situation does not entail realistic threat. Individuals can engage in safety behavior to varying extents, however, these behaviors are typically measured dichotomously (i.e., to execute or not). To better understand the nuances of safety behavior, this study developed a dimensional measure of safety behavior that had a negative linear relationship with the admission of an aversive outcome. In two experiments, a Reward group receiving fixed or individually calibrated incentives competing with safety behavior showed reduced safety behavior than a Control group receiving no incentives. This allowed extinction learning to a previously learnt warning signal in the Reward group (i.e., updating the belief that this stimulus no longer signals threat). Despite the Reward group exhibited extinction learning, both groups showed a similar increase in fear to the warning signal once safety behavior was no longer available. This null group difference was due to some participants in the Reward group not incentivized enough to disengage from safety behavior. Dimensional assessment revealed a dissociation between low fear but substantial safety behavior to a safety signal in the Control group. This suggests that low-cost safety behavior does not accurately reflect the fear-driven processes, but also other non-fear-driven processes, such as cost (i.e., engage in safety behavior merely because it bears little to no cost). Pinpointing both processes is important for furthering the understanding of safety behavior. KW - safety behavior KW - anxiety KW - threat Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-267688 SN - 1430-2772 VL - 86 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buff, Christine A1 - Brinkmann, Leonie A1 - Bruchmann, Maximilian A1 - Becker, Michael P.I. A1 - Tupak, Sara A1 - Herrmann, Martin J. A1 - Straube, Thomas T1 - Activity alterations in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and amygdala during threat anticipation in generalized anxiety disorder JF - Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience N2 - Sustained anticipatory anxiety is central to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). During anticipatory anxiety, phasic threat responding appears to be mediated by the amygdala, while sustained threat responding seems related to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). Although sustained anticipatory anxiety in GAD patients was proposed to be associated with BNST activity alterations, firm evidence is lacking. We aimed to explore temporal characteristics of BNST and amygdala activity during threat anticipation in GAD patients. Nineteen GAD patients and nineteen healthy controls (HC) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a temporally unpredictable threat anticipation paradigm. We defined phasic and a systematic variation of sustained response models for blood oxygen level-dependent responses during threat anticipation, to disentangle temporally dissociable involvement of the BNST and the amygdala. GAD patients relative to HC responded with increased phasic amygdala activity to onset of threat anticipation and with elevated sustained BNST activity that was delayed relative to the onset of threat anticipation. Both the amygdala and the BNST displayed altered responses during threat anticipation in GAD patients, albeit with different time courses. The results for the BNST activation hint towards its role in sustained threat responding, and contribute to a deeper understanding of pathological sustained anticipatory anxiety in GAD. KW - medicine KW - anticipatory anxiety KW - anxiety KW - fMRI KW - sustained threat responding KW - phasic threat responding Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-173298 VL - 12 IS - 11 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kunert, Mario T1 - Angst und Depression in der primärärztliche Versorgung T1 - Anxiety and depression in the primary care N2 - Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Einsatz von Kurz-Screening-Instrumenten (bestehend aus dem PHQ-4, mit seinen beiden Untereinheiten dem GAD-2 und dem PHQ-2) hinsichtlich der Tauglichkeit für einen Routineeinsatz in Hausarztpraxen. Gescreent wurde auf das mögliche Vorliegen einer Angst- und/oder depressive Störungen mit anschließender Validitätsprüfung einer kleineren Stichprobe. Hinsichtlich der Validitätsprüfung konnte zwischen den CIDI- und den Screening-Ergebnissen eine gute Übereinstimmung ermittelt werden (prozentuale Über-einstimmung von 80,8% bei einem Cohen-Kappa von 0,62). Insgesamt betrachtet lässt sich mit einem vertretbaren Mehrbedarf an Zeit für nicht-ärztliche Mitarbeiter ein PHQ-4-Screening in einer Hausarztpraxis durchführen. Durch diese Maßnahme können - bei gleichzeitiger Entlastung des Arztes - wichtige Informationen für eine Krankheitserkennung und für eine ggf. notwendige Therapie gewonnen werden. Über einen Routineeinsatz von Kurz-Screenern in der primär-ärztlichen Versorgung sollte nachgedacht werden. N2 - The present study investigates the use of short screening instruments (consisting of the PHQ-4, with its two subunits the GAD-2 and PHQ-2), regarding the suitability for routine use in primary care practices. It was screened for the possible presence of anxiety and / or depressive symptoms with a following validity check on a smaller unit. The accordance between CIDI and the screening-results could be rated as good (accordance percentage of 80.8% with a Cohens kappa of 0.62). The PHQ-4 leads to a need of more non-medical employees(more time needed), but overall is the PHQ-4 a pracitable instrument in the primary care. Through a routine use of short-Screenern in the primary health care should be considered. KW - Angst KW - Depression KW - Screening KW - Hausarzt KW - Primäre Gesundheitsversorgung KW - Composite international diagnostic interview KW - PHQ-4 KW - PHQ KW - Kurzscreener KW - anxiety KW - depression KW - primary care KW - screening KW - PHQ-4 KW - PHQ KW - CIDI Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-74584 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaefer, Natascha A1 - Signoret-Genest, Jérémy A1 - von Collenberg, Cora R. A1 - Wachter, Britta A1 - Deckert, Jürgen A1 - Tovote, Philip A1 - Blum, Robert A1 - Villmann, Carmen T1 - Anxiety and Startle Phenotypes in Glrb Spastic and Glra1 Spasmodic Mouse Mutants JF - Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience N2 - A GWAS study recently demonstrated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human GLRB gene of individuals with a prevalence for agoraphobia. GLRB encodes the glycine receptor (GlyRs) β subunit. The identified SNPs are localized within the gene flanking regions (3′ and 5′ UTRs) and intronic regions. It was suggested that these nucleotide polymorphisms modify GlyRs expression and phenotypic behavior in humans contributing to an anxiety phenotype as a mild form of hyperekplexia. Hyperekplexia is a human neuromotor disorder with massive startle phenotypes due to mutations in genes encoding GlyRs subunits. GLRA1 mutations have been more commonly observed than GLRB mutations. If an anxiety phenotype contributes to the hyperekplexia disease pattern has not been investigated yet. Here, we compared two mouse models harboring either a mutation in the murine Glra1 or Glrb gene with regard to anxiety and startle phenotypes. Homozygous spasmodic animals carrying a Glra1 point mutation (alanine 52 to serine) displayed abnormally enhanced startle responses. Moreover, spasmodic mice exhibited significant changes in fear-related behaviors (freezing, rearing and time spent on back) analyzed during the startle paradigm, even in a neutral context. Spastic mice exhibit reduced expression levels of the full-length GlyRs β subunit due to aberrant splicing of the Glrb gene. Heterozygous animals appear normal without an obvious behavioral phenotype and thus might reflect the human situation analyzed in the GWAS study on agoraphobia and startle. In contrast to spasmodic mice, heterozygous spastic animals revealed no startle phenotype in a neutral as well as a conditioning context. Other mechanisms such as a modulatory function of the GlyRs β subunit within glycinergic circuits in neuronal networks important for fear and fear-related behavior may exist. Possibly, in human additional changes in fear and fear-related circuits either due to gene-gene interactions e.g., with GLRA1 genes or epigenetic factors are necessary to create the agoraphobia and in particular the startle phenotype. KW - glycine receptor KW - spastic KW - fear KW - anxiety KW - startle reaction Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-210041 SN - 1662-5099 VL - 13 IS - 152 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oorschot, Birgitt van A1 - Ishii, Koji A1 - Kusomoto, Yuko A1 - Zetzl, Theresa A1 - Roch, Carmen A1 - Mettenleiter, Andreas A1 - Ozawa, Hiroko A1 - Flentje, Michael T1 - Anxiety, depression and psychosocial needs are the most frequent concerns reported by patients: preliminary results of a comparative explorative analysis of two hospital-based palliative care teams in Germany and Japan JF - Journal of Neural Transmission N2 - In the partnership between the medical departments of Würzburg University, Germany, and Nagasaki University, Japan, palliative care is a relevant topic. The aim of the study was to perform a comparative analysis of the hospital-based palliative care teams in Würzburg (PCT-W) and Nagasaki (PCT-N). Survey of staff composition and retrospective analysis of PCT patient charts in both PCTs were conducted. Patients self-assessed their symptoms in PCT-W and in Radiation Oncology Würzburg (RO-W). The (negative) quality indicator ‘percentage of deceased hospitalised patients with PCT contact for less than 3 days before death’ (Earle in Int J Qual Health Care 17(6):505–509, 2005) was analysed. Both PCTs follow a multidisciplinary team approach. PCT-N saw 410 cancer patients versus 853 patients for PCT-W (22.8% non-cancer patients). The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status at first contact with PCT-N was 3 or 4 in 39.3% of patients versus 79.0% for PCT-W. PCT-N was engaged in co-management longer than PCT-W (mean 20.7 days, range 1–102 versus mean 4.9 days, range 1–48). The most frequent patient-reported psychological symptom was anxiety (family anxiety: 98.3% PCT-W and 88.7% RO-W, anxiety 97.9% PCT-W and 85.9% RO-W), followed by depression (98.2% PCT-W and 80.3% RO-W). In 14 of the 148 deceased patients, PCT-N contact was initiated less than 3 days before death (9.4%) versus 121 of the 729 deceased PCT-W patients (16.6%). Psychological needs are highly relevant in both Germany and Japan, with more than 85% anxiety and depression in patients in the Japanese IPOS validation study (Sakurai in Jpn J Clin Oncol 49(3):257–262, 2019). This should be taken into account when implementing PCTs. KW - hospital-based palliative care KW - patient-reported outcome KW - quaility indicator KW - anxiety KW - depression Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-235675 SN - 0300-9564 VL - 127 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gründahl, Marthe A1 - Weiß, Martin A1 - Maier, Lisa A1 - Hewig, Johannes A1 - Deckert, Jürgen A1 - Hein, Grit T1 - Construction and validation of a scale to measure loneliness and isolation during social distancing and its effect on mental health JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry N2 - A variety of factors contribute to the degree to which a person feels lonely and socially isolated. These factors may be particularly relevant in contexts requiring social distancing, e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic or in states of immunodeficiency. We present the Loneliness and Isolation during Social Distancing (LISD) Scale. Extending existing measures, the LISD scale measures both state and trait aspects of loneliness and isolation, including indicators of social connectedness and support. In addition, it reliably predicts individual differences in anxiety and depression. Data were collected online from two independent samples in a social distancing context (the COVID-19 pandemic). Factorial validation was based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA; Sample 1, N = 244) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; Sample 2, N = 304). Multiple regression analyses were used to assess how the LISD scale predicts state anxiety and depression. The LISD scale showed satisfactory fit in both samples. Its two state factors indicate being lonely and isolated as well as connected and supported, while its three trait factors reflect general loneliness and isolation, sociability and sense of belonging, and social closeness and support. Our results imply strong predictive power of the LISD scale for state anxiety and depression, explaining 33 and 51% of variance, respectively. Anxiety and depression scores were particularly predicted by low dispositional sociability and sense of belonging and by currently being more lonely and isolated. In turn, being lonely and isolated was related to being less connected and supported (state) as well as having lower social closeness and support in general (trait). We provide a novel scale which distinguishes between acute and general dimensions of loneliness and social isolation while also predicting mental health. The LISD scale could be a valuable and economic addition to the assessment of mental health factors impacted by social distancing. KW - loneliness KW - social isolation KW - social distancing KW - depression KW - anxiety Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-269446 SN - 1664-0640 VL - 13 ER - TY - THES A1 - Glotzbach-Schoon, Evelyn T1 - Contextual fear conditioning in humans: The return of contextual anxiety and the influence of genetic polymorphisms T1 - Kontextuelle Furchtkonditionierung beim Menschen: die Wiederkehr von Kontextangst und der Einfluss von genetischen Polymorphismen N2 - Als Angst bezeichnet man einen nicht auf spezifische Objekte gerichteten länger anhaltenden zukunfts-orientierten Zustand der Besorgnis. Diese ist kennzeichnend für Angststörungen wie Panikstörung, generalisierte Angststörung und Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Experimentell kann Angst durch kontextuelle Furchtkonditionierung ausgelöst werden. Bei dieser Art der Konditionierung werden aversive Ereignisse als unvorhersehbar erlebt, wodurch der gesamte Kontext mit der Gefahr assoziiert wird. Diese Arbeit hat zum Ziel, Mechanismen der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Kontextangst zu untersuchen. Dies sind zum einem erleichterte Akquisition von Kontextkonditionierungen und deren fehlerhafte Extinktion. Hier ist vor allem die Fragestellung relevant, wie dies durch genetische Varianten moduliert wird (Studie 1). Zum anderen soll die Wiederkehr der Angst nach der Extinktion mit einem neuen Reinstatement-Paradigma untersucht werden (Studie 2). Zur Untersuchung dieser Forschungsfragen wurden zwei kontextuelle Furchtkonditionierungsstudien in virtueller Realität (VR) durchgeführt. Während der Akquisition wurden leicht schmerzhafte elektrische Reize (unkonditionierter Stimulus, US) unvorhersehbar präsentiert, während die Probanden in einem virtuellen Büroraum waren. Dadurch wurde dieser Raum zum Angstkontext (CXT+). Ein zweiter Büroraum wurde nie mit dem US gepaart, deshalb wurde dieser Raum zum Sicherheitskontext (CXT-). Die Extinktion, in der die Kontexte ohne US präsentiert wurden, fand 24 h später statt, und ein Test zum Abruf der Extinktion bzw. zur Wiederkehr der Angst nochmals 24 h später. In beiden Studien wurde die Angst auf drei verschiedenen Ebenen gemessen: Verhalten (angstpotenzierter Schreckreflex), Physiologie (tonische Hautleitfähigkeit), und verbale Ebene (explizite Ratings). Die Probanden für Studie 1 wurden anhand der 5-HTTLPR (S+ Risikoallel vs. LL nicht-Risikoallel) und NPSR1 rs324981 (T+ Risikoallel vs. AA nicht-Risikoallel) Polymorphismen stratifiziert, sodass vier kombinierte Genotyp Gruppen (S+/T+, S+/LL, LL/T+ und LL/AA) mit je 20 Probanden vorlagen. Es zeigte sich, dass der angstpotenzierte Schreckreflex durch die Interaktion zwischen beiden genetischen Polymorphismen moduliert wurde. Nur Träger beider Risikoallele (S+ Träger des 5-HTTLPR und T+ Träger des NPSR1 Polymorphismus) zeigten einen höheren Schreckreflex im CXT+ als im CXT- während der Akquisition. Der Abruf der Extinktion an Tag 3, gemessen anhand des Schreckreflexes, wurde allerdings nicht durch die Genotypen moduliert. Interessanterweise zeigte sich auf dem expliziten Angstlevel (Valenz- und Angstratings) nur ein Einfluss des NPSR1 Polymorphismus, und zwar bewerteten die nicht-Risikoallel Träger (AA) den CXT+ mit negativerer Valenz und höherer Angst im Vergleich zum CXT-; die Risikoallel Träger (T+) taten dies nicht. In der zweiten Studie wurde fast das gleiche Paradigma benutzt wie in der ersten Studie mit der Ausnahme, dass eine Versuchsgruppe (Reinstatementgruppe) den US noch einmal am Anfang des dritten Untersuchungstages vor der Präsentation von CXT+ und CXT- appliziert bekam. Die zweite Versuchsgruppe (Kontrollgruppe) erhielt keinen US, sondern wurde direkt durch CXT+ und CXT- geführt. Es zeigte sich, dass nur in der Reinstatementgruppe die Angst auf impliziter und expliziter Ebene wiederkehrte, d.h. die Probanden zeigten einen höheren Schreckreflex und höhere Angstratings auf den CXT+ im Vergleich zum CXT-. Wichtig war vor allem, dass die Wiederkehr der Angst in der Reinstatementgruppe mit der Veränderung der Zustandsangst und der Stimmung (von der Extinktion zum Test) korrelierte. D.h. je größer die Angst und je negativer die Stimmung wurden, desto höher war die Wiederkehr der Angst. Zusammengefasst belegt Studie 1, dass erleichterte kontextuelle Furchtkonditionierung auf impliziter Ebene (Schreckreflex) ein Endophänotyp für Angststörungen sein könnte, was zu unserem Verständnis der Ätiologie von Angststörungen beitragen könnte. Die Ergebnisse der zweiten Studie legen nahe, dass eine ängstliche und negative Stimmung nach der Extinktion die Rückkehr von Angst begünstigen könnte. Darüber hinaus scheint das VR-basierte kontextuelle Furchtkonditionierungsparadigma ein geeignetes Mittel zu sein, um Mechanismen der Angstentstehung und Angstwiederkehr experimentell zu erforschen. Weiterführende Studien könnten nun auch Angstpatienten untersuchen und das Paradigma auf evolutionär-relevante Kontexte (z.B. Höhe, Dunkelheit, weite Plätze) ausweiten. N2 - Sustained anxiety is considered as a chronic and future-oriented state of apprehension that does not belong to a specific object. It is discussed as an important characteristic of anxiety disorders including panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Experimentally, sustained anxiety can be induced by contextual fear conditioning in which aversive events are unpredictably presented and therefore the whole context becomes associated with the threat. This thesis aimed at investigating important mechanisms in the development and maintenance of sustained anxiety: (1) facilitated acquisition and resistant extinction of contextual anxiety due to genetic risk factors (Study 1), and (2) the return of contextual anxiety after successful extinction using a new reinstatement paradigm (Study 2). To this end, two contextual fear conditioning studies were conducted in virtual reality (VR). During acquisition one virtual office was paired with unpredictable mildly painful electric stimuli (unconditioned stimulus, US), thus becoming the anxiety context (CXT+). Another virtual office was never paired with any US, thus becoming the safety context (CXT-). Extinction was conducted 24 h later, i.e. no US was presented, and extinction recall was tested another 24 h later on Day 3. In both studies context-evoked anxiety was measured on three different response levels: behavioral (anxiety-potentiated startle reflex), physiological (skin conductance level), and verbal (explicit ratings). In Study 1, participants were stratified for 5-HTTLPR (S+ risk allele vs. LL no risk allele) and NPSR1 rs324981 (T+ risk allele vs. AA no risk allele) polymorphisms, resulting in four combined genotype groups with 20 participants each: S+/T+, S+/LL, LL/T+, and LL/AA. Results showed that acquisition of anxiety-potentiated startle was influenced by a gene × gene interaction: only carriers of both risk alleles (S+ carriers of the 5-HTTLPR and T+ carriers of the NPSR1 polymorphism) exhibited significantly higher startle magnitudes in CXT+ compared to CXT-. However, extinction recall as measured with anxiety-potentiated startle was not affected by any genotype. Interestingly, the explicit anxiety level, i.e. valence and anxiety ratings, was only influenced by the NPSR1 genotype, in a way that no risk allele carriers (AA) reported higher anxiety and more negative valence in response to CXT+ compared to CXT-, whereas risk allele carriers (T+) did not. Study 2 adopted nearly the same paradigm with the modification that one group (reinstatement group) received one unsignaled US at the beginning of the experimental session on Day 3 before seeing CXT+ and CXT-. The second group served as a control group and received no US, but was immediately exposed to CXT+ and CXT-. Results showed a return of anxiety on the implicit and explicit level (higher startle responses and anxiety ratings in response to CXT+ compared to CXT-) in the reinstatement group only. Most important, the return of contextual anxiety in the reinstatement group was associated with a change of state anxiety and mood from extinction to test, that is the more anxiety and negative mood participants experienced before the reinstatement procedure, the higher their return of anxiety was. In sum, results of Study 1 showed that facilitated contextual fear conditioning on an implicit behavioral level (startle response) could be regarded as an endophenotype for anxiety disorders, which can contribute to our understanding of the etiology of anxiety disorders. Results of Study 2 imply that anxiety and negative mood after extinction could be an important facilitator for the return of anxiety. Furthermore, the present VR-based contextual fear conditioning paradigm seems to be an ideal tool to experimentally study mechanisms underlying the acquisition and the return of anxiety. Future studies could investigate clinical samples and extend the VR paradigm to evolutionary-relevant contexts (e.g., heights, darkness, open spaces). KW - Angst KW - Genetik KW - Kontextkonditionierung KW - context conditioning KW - anxiety KW - genetics KW - virtual reality KW - Virtuelle Realität Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-87955 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ketterl, Ralf Christian T1 - Der Zusammenhang von Angst und Depressivität mit den Bedürfnissen nach Information und psychosozialer Unterstützung bei Patienten mit kolorektalem Karzinom T1 - The relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression and the need for information and psychosocial support in patients with colorectal cancer N2 - Bei Patienten mit einer kolorektalen Krebserkrankung zeigt sich ein deutlicher Zusammenhang zwischen Angst und Depressivität und dem psychosozialen Unterstützungsbedarf. Zwischen Angst und Depressivität und unbefriedigten Informationsbedürfnissen scheint ebenfalls ein schwacher Zusammenhang zu bestehen. Für eine mögliche Präferenz von anonymen Informationsquellen bei Patienten mit Angst oder Depressivität findet sich im Untersuchten Patientenkollektiv kein Anhaltspunkt. N2 - In patients with colorectal cancer the thesis shows a strong relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression and the need for psychosocial support. Moreover, symptoms of anxiety and depression seem to be weakly associated with higher unmet information needs. In addition to that, the thesis shows no evidence for a possible relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression and a preference for more anonymous sources of information in colorectal cancer. KW - Psychoonkologie KW - Dickdarmkrebs KW - psycho-oncology KW - information KW - Informationsbedürfnisse KW - anxiety KW - Angst KW - depression KW - Depressivität Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-161433 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohoff, Christa A1 - Gorji, Ali A1 - Kaiser, Sylvia A1 - Willscher, Edith A1 - Korsching, Eberhard A1 - Ambrée, Oliver A1 - Arolt, Volker A1 - Lesch, Klaus-Peter A1 - Sachser, Norbert A1 - Deckert, Jürgen A1 - Lewejohann, Lars T1 - Effect of Acute Stressor and Serotonin Transporter Genotype on Amygdala First Wave Transcriptome in Mice JF - PLoS ONE N2 - The most prominent brain region evaluating the significance of external stimuli immediately after their onset is the amygdala. Stimuli evaluated as being stressful actuate a number of physiological processes as an immediate stress response. Variation in the serotonin transporter gene has been associated with increased anxiety- and depression-like behavior, altered stress reactivity and adaptation, and pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. In this study the instant reactions to an acute stressor were measured in a serotonin transporter knockout mouse model. Mice lacking the serotonin transporter were verified to be more anxious than their wild-type conspecifics. Genome-wide gene expression changes in the amygdala were measured after the mice were subjected to control condition or to an acute stressor of one minute exposure to water. The dissection of amygdalae and stabilization of RNA was conducted within nine minutes after the onset of the stressor. This extremely short protocol allowed for analysis of first wave primary response genes, typically induced within five to ten minutes of stimulation, and was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Arrays. RNA profiling revealed a largely new set of differentially expressed primary response genes between the conditions acute stress and control that differed distinctly between wild-type and knockout mice. Consequently, functional categorization and pathway analysis indicated genes related to neuroplasticity and adaptation in wild-types whereas knockouts were characterized by impaired plasticity and genes more related to chronic stress and pathophysiology. Our study therefore disclosed different coping styles dependent on serotonin transporter genotype even directly after the onset of stress and accentuates the role of the serotonergic system in processing stressors and threat in the amygdala. Moreover, several of the first wave primary response genes that we found might provide promising targets for future therapeutic interventions of stress-related disorders also in humans. KW - plasticity KW - corticotropin releasing factor KW - primary response genes KW - spatial memory KW - knockout mice KW - rat brain KW - in vivo KW - expression KW - anxiety KW - emotion Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-131040 VL - 8 IS - 3 ER -