TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitz, Werner A1 - Ries, Elena A1 - Koderer, Corinna A1 - Völter, Maximilian Friedrich A1 - Wünsch, Anna Chiara A1 - El-Mesery, Mohamed A1 - Frackmann, Kyra A1 - Kübler, Alexander Christian A1 - Linz, Christian A1 - Seher, Axel T1 - Cysteine restriction in murine L929 fibroblasts as an alternative strategy to methionine restriction in cancer therapy JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences N2 - Methionine restriction (MetR) is an efficient method of amino acid restriction (AR) in cells and organisms that induces low energy metabolism (LEM) similar to caloric restriction (CR). The implementation of MetR as a therapy for cancer or other diseases is not simple since the elimination of a single amino acid in the diet is difficult. However, the in vivo turnover rate of cysteine is usually higher than the rate of intake through food. For this reason, every cell can enzymatically synthesize cysteine from methionine, which enables the use of specific enzymatic inhibitors. In this work, we analysed the potential of cysteine restriction (CysR) in the murine cell line L929. This study determined metabolic fingerprints using mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The profiles were compared with profiles created in an earlier work under MetR. The study was supplemented by proliferation studies using D-amino acid analogues and inhibitors of intracellular cysteine synthesis. CysR showed a proliferation inhibition potential comparable to that of MetR. However, the metabolic footprints differed significantly and showed that CysR does not induce classic LEM at the metabolic level. Nevertheless, CysR offers great potential as an alternative for decisive interventions in general and tumour metabolism at the metabolic level. KW - methionine restriction KW - cysteine restriction KW - mass spectrometry KW - LC/MS KW - cancer therapy KW - caloric restriction KW - homocysteine KW - amino acid analogues KW - cysteine synthase inhibitor Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265486 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 22 IS - 21 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boetzl, Fabian A. A1 - Ries, Elena A1 - Schneider, Gudrun A1 - Krauss, Jochen T1 - It’s a matter of design - how pitfall trap design affects trap samples and possible predictions JF - PeerJ N2 - Background: Pitfall traps are commonly used to assess ground dwelling arthropod communities. The effects of different pitfall trap designs on the trapping outcome are poorly investigated however they might affect conclusions drawn from pitfall trap data greatly. Methods: We tested four pitfall trap types which have been used in previous studies for their effectiveness: a simple type, a faster exchangeable type with an extended plastic rim plate and two types with guidance barriers (V- and X-shaped). About 20 traps were active for 10 weeks and emptied biweekly resulting in 100 trap samples. Results: Pitfall traps with guidance barriers were up to five times more effective than simple pitfall traps and trap samples resulted in more similar assemblage approximations. Pitfall traps with extended plastic rim plates did not only perform poorly but also resulted in distinct carabid assemblages with less individuals of small species and a larger variation. Discussion: Due to the obvious trait filtering and resulting altered assemblages, we suggest not to use pitfall traps with extended plastic rim plates. In comprehensive biodiversity inventories, a smaller number of pitfall traps with guidance barriers and a larger number of spatial replicates is of advantage, while due to comparability reasons, the use of simple pitfall traps will be recommended in most other cases. KW - biodiversity estimation KW - spiders KW - carabid beetles KW - ground dwelling predators KW - staphylinid beetles KW - sampling method KW - inventory KW - species richness Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-176870 VL - 6 IS - e5078 ER -