TY  - JOUR
A1  - Okuda, Takumi
A1  - Lenz, Ann-Kathrin
A1  - Seitz, Florian
A1  - Vogel, Jörg
A1  - Höbartner, Claudia
T1  - A SAM analogue-utilizing ribozyme for site-specific RNA alkylation in living cells
JF  - Nature Chemistry
N2  - Post-transcriptional RNA modification methods are in high demand for site-specific RNA labelling and analysis of RNA functions. In vitro-selected ribozymes are attractive tools for RNA research and have the potential to overcome some of the limitations of chemoenzymatic approaches with repurposed methyltransferases. Here we report an alkyltransferase ribozyme that uses a synthetic, stabilized S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) analogue and catalyses the transfer of a propargyl group to a specific adenosine in the target RNA. Almost quantitative conversion was achieved within 1 h under a wide range of reaction conditions in vitro, including physiological magnesium ion concentrations. A genetically encoded version of the SAM analogue-utilizing ribozyme (SAMURI) was expressed in HEK293T cells, and intracellular propargylation of the target adenosine was confirmed by specific fluorescent labelling. SAMURI is a general tool for the site-specific installation of the smallest tag for azide-alkyne click chemistry, which can be further functionalized with fluorophores, affinity tags or other functional probes.
KW  - Alkyltransferase Ribozyme SAMURI
KW  - Site-specific RNA labelling
KW  - bioorthogonal SAM analogue ProSeDMA
KW  - Chemical modification
KW  - RNA
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-328762
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kokic, Goran
A1  - Hillen, Hauke S.
A1  - Tegunov, Dimitry
A1  - Dienermann, Christian
A1  - Seitz, Florian
A1  - Schmitzova, Jana
A1  - Farnung, Lucas
A1  - Siewert, Aaron
A1  - Höbartner, Claudia
A1  - Cramer, Patrick
T1  - Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 polymerase stalling by remdesivir
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Remdesivir is the only FDA-approved drug for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The active form of remdesivir acts as a nucleoside analog and inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir is incorporated by the RdRp into the growing RNA product and allows for addition of three more nucleotides before RNA synthesis stalls. Here we use synthetic RNA chemistry, biochemistry and cryoelectron microscopy to establish the molecular mechanism of remdesivir-induced RdRp stalling. We show that addition of the fourth nucleotide following remdesivir incorporation into the RNA product is impaired by a barrier to further RNA translocation. This translocation barrier causes retention of the RNA 3ʹ-nucleotide in the substrate-binding site of the RdRp and interferes with entry of the next nucleoside triphosphate, thereby stalling RdRp. In the structure of the remdesivir-stalled state, the 3ʹ-nucleotide of the RNA product is matched and located with the template base in the active center, and this may impair proofreading by the viral 3ʹ-exonuclease. These mechanistic insights should facilitate the quest for improved antivirals that target coronavirus replication.
KW  - SARS-CoV-2 polymerase
KW  - Remdesivir
KW  - RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
KW  - Molecular mechanism
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Cryoelectron microscopy
KW  - RNA
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-220979
VL  - 12
ER  -