TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rodrigues, Johannes
A1  - Nagowski, Natalie
A1  - Mussel, Patrick
A1  - Hewig, Johannes
T1  - Altruistic punishment is connected to trait anger, not trait altruism, if compensation is available
JF  - Heliyon
N2  - Altruistic punishment and altruistic compensation are important concepts that are used to investigate altruism. However, altruistic punishment has been found to be correlated with anger. We were interested whether altruistic punishment and altruistic compensation are both driven by trait altruism and trait anger or whether the influence of those two traits is more specific to one of the behavioral options. We found that if the participants were able to apply altruistic compensation and altruistic punishment together in one paradigm, trait anger only predicts altruistic punishment and trait altruism only predicts altruistic compensation. Interestingly, these relations are disguised in classical altruistic punishment and altruistic compensation paradigms where participants can either only punish or compensate. Hence altruistic punishment and altruistic compensation paradigms should be merged together if one is interested in trait altruism without the confounding influence of trait anger.
KW  - psychology
KW  - altruism
KW  - altruistic punishment
KW  - altruistic compensation
KW  - anger
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177669
VL  - 4
IS  - 11
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rodrigues, Johannes
A1  - Ulrich, Natalie
A1  - Mussel, Patrick
A1  - Carlo, Gustavo
A1  - Hewig, Johannes
T1  - Measuring prosocial tendencies in Germany: sources of validity and reliablity of the revised prosocial tendency measure
JF  - Frontiers in Psychology
N2  - The prosocial tendencies measure (PTM; Carlo and Randall, 2002) is a widely used measurement for prosocial tendencies in English speaking participants. This instrument distinguishes between six different types of prosocial tendencies that partly share some common basis, but also can be opposed to each other. To examine these constructs in Germany, a study with 1067 participants was conducted. The study investigated the structure of this German version of the PTM-R via exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlations with similar constructs in subsamples as well as via measurement invariance test concerning the original English version. The German translation showed a similar factor structure to the English version in exploratory factor analysis and in confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance was found between the English and German language versions of the PTM and support for the proposed six-factor structure (altruistic, anonymous, compliant, dire, emotional and public prosocial behavior) was also found in confirmatory factor analysis. Furthermore, the expected interrelations of these factors of prosocial behavior tendencies were obtained. Finally, correlations of the prosocial behavior tendencies with validating constructs and behaviors were found. Thus, the findings stress the importance of seeing prosocial behavior not as a single dimension construct, but as a factored construct which now can also be assessed in German speaking participants.
KW  - measurement invariance
KW  - prosocial tendency measure
KW  - prosocial behavior
KW  - altruism
KW  - validation
KW  - German translation
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-159351
VL  - 8
ER  -