TY  - JOUR
A1  - Georgiev, Kostadin B.
A1  - Chao, Anne
A1  - Castro, Jorge
A1  - Chen, Yan‐Han
A1  - Choi, Chang‐Yong
A1  - Fontaine, Joseph B.
A1  - Hutto, Richard L.
A1  - Lee, Eun‐Jae
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Rost, Josep
A1  - Żmihorski, Michal
A1  - Thorn, Simon
T1  - Salvage logging changes the taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional successional trajectories of forest bird communities
JF  - Journal of Applied Ecology
N2  - Salvage logging following natural disturbances may alter the natural successional trajectories of biological communities by affecting the occurrences of species, functional groups and evolutionary lineages. However, few studies have examined whether dissimilarities between bird communities of salvaged and unsalvaged forests are more pronounced for rare species, functional groups and evolutionary lineages than for their more common counterparts.

We compiled data on breeding bird assemblages from nine study areas in North America, Europe and Asia, covering a 17‐year period following wildfire or windstorm disturbances and subsequent salvage logging. We tested whether dissimilarities based on non‐shared species, functional groups and evolutionary lineages (a) decreased or increased over time and (b) the responses of rare, common and dominant species varied, by using a unified statistical framework based on Hill numbers and null models.

We found that dissimilarities between bird communities caused by salvage logging persisted over time for rare, common and dominant species, evolutionary lineages and for rare functional groups. Dissimilarities of common and dominant functional groups increased 14 years post disturbance.

Salvage logging led to significantly larger dissimilarities than expected by chance. Functional dissimilarities between salvaged and unsalvaged sites were lower compared to taxonomic and phylogenetic dissimilarities. In general, dissimilarities were highest for rare, followed by common and dominant species.

Synthesis and applications. Our research demonstrates that salvage logging did not decrease dissimilarities of bird communities over time and taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic dissimilarities persisted for over a decade. We recommend resource managers and decision makers to reserve portions of disturbed forest to enable unmanaged post‐disturbance succession of bird communities, particularly to conserve rare species found in unsalvaged disturbed forests.
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - breeding season
KW  - forest management
KW  - harvesting
KW  - Hill numbers
KW  - natural disturbance
KW  - successional trajectory
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-214887
VL  - 57
IS  - 6
SP  - 1103
EP  - 1112
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thorn, Simon
A1  - Chao, Anne
A1  - Georgiev, Konstadin B.
A1  - Müller, Jörg
A1  - Bässler, Claus
A1  - Campbell, John L.
A1  - Jorge, Castro
A1  - Chen, Yan-Han
A1  - Choi, Chang-Yong
A1  - Cobb, Tyler P.
A1  - Donato, Daniel C.
A1  - Durska, Ewa
A1  - Macdonald, Ellen
A1  - Feldhaar, Heike
A1  - Fontaine, Jospeh B.
A1  - Fornwalt, Paula J.
A1  - Hernández Hernández, Raquel María
A1  - Hutto, Richard L.
A1  - Koivula, Matti
A1  - Lee, Eun-Jae
A1  - Lindenmayer, David
A1  - Mikusinski, Grzegorz
A1  - Obrist, Martin K.
A1  - Perlík, Michal
A1  - Rost, Josep
A1  - Waldron, Kaysandra
A1  - Wermelinger, Beat
A1  - Weiß, Ingmar
A1  - Zmihorski, Michal
A1  - Leverkus, Alexandro B.
T1  - Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity
JF  - Nature Communications
N2  - Forests are increasingly affected by natural disturbances. Subsequent salvage logging, a widespread management practice conducted predominantly to recover economic capital, produces further disturbance and impacts biodiversity worldwide. Hence, naturally disturbed forests are among the most threatened habitats in the world, with consequences for their associated biodiversity. However, there are no evidence-based benchmarks for the proportion of area of naturally disturbed forests to be excluded from salvage logging to conserve biodiversity. We apply a mixed rarefaction/extrapolation approach to a global multi-taxa dataset from disturbed forests, including birds, plants, insects and fungi, to close this gap. We find that 757% (mean +/- SD) of a naturally disturbed area of a forest needs to be left unlogged to maintain 90% richness of its unique species, whereas retaining 50% of a naturally disturbed forest unlogged maintains 73 +/- 12% of its unique species richness. These values do not change with the time elapsed since disturbance but vary considerably among taxonomic groups. Salvage logging has become a common practice to gain economic returns from naturally disturbed forests, but it could have considerable negative effects on biodiversity. Here the authors use a recently developed statistical method to estimate that ca. 75% of the naturally disturbed forest should be left unlogged to maintain 90% of the species unique to the area.
KW  - natural disturbance
KW  - bird communities
KW  - forest
KW  - management
KW  - beetle
KW  - conservation
KW  - windthrow
KW  - diversity
KW  - impact
KW  - fire
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-230512
VL  - 11
ER  -