TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rudovick, Ladius
A1  - Brauner, Jan M.
A1  - Englert, Johanna
A1  - Seemann, Carolina
A1  - Plugaru, Karina
A1  - Kidenya, Benson R.
A1  - Kalluvya, Samuel E.
A1  - Scheller, Carsten
A1  - Kasang, Christa
T1  - Prevalence of pretreatment HIV drug resistance in Mwanza, Tanzania
JF  - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
N2  - Background: In a 2008-10 study, we found a pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) prevalence of 18.2% in patients at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in Mwanza, Tanzania. 

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of PDR and transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) in patients visiting the BMC from 2013 to 2015.

Methods: Adult outpatients were sequentially enrolled into two groups, separated by whether they were initiating ART. Previous exposure to antiretroviral drugs, except for prevention of mother-to-child transmission, was an exclusion criterion. HIV pol sequences were analysed according to WHO guidelines for surveillance of PDR and TDR.

Results: Two hundred and thirty-five sequences were analysed (138 ART initiators, 97 non-initiators). The prevalence of PDR was 4.7% (95% CI 2.6%-8.2%) overall, 3.1% (95% CI 1.1%-8.7%) for non-initiators and 5.8% (95% CI 3.0%-11.0%) for ART initiators. PDR to NNRTIs and nucleoside or nucelotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors was found in 3.0% (95% CI 1.5%-6.0%) and 1.7% (95% CI 0.7%-4.3%) of patients, respectively. Resistance to PIs was not observed. The prevalence of TDR was 6.0% (95% CI 3.6%-9.8%). 

Conclusions: Prevalence of PDR significantly decreased compared with 2008-10 and was below the WHO-defined threshold for triggering a public health response. National and systematic surveillance is needed to inform Tanzania's public health strategy.
KW  - HIV
KW  - adult
KW  - anti-hiv agents
KW  - child
KW  - mothers
KW  - nucleosides
KW  - outpatients
KW  - reverse transcriptase inhibitors
KW  - tanzania
KW  - world health organization
KW  - guidelines
KW  - public health medicine
KW  - anti-retroviral agents
KW  - non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
KW  - surveillance
KW  - medical
KW  - exclusion criteria
KW  - prevention
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-227124
VL  - 73
IS  - 12
ER  -