TY - JOUR A1 - Tanoey, Justine A1 - Baechle, Christina A1 - Brenner, Hermann A1 - Deckert, Andreas A1 - Fricke, Julia A1 - Günther, Kathrin A1 - Karch, André A1 - Keil, Thomas A1 - Kluttig, Alexander A1 - Leitzmann, Michael A1 - Mikolajczyk, Rafael A1 - Obi, Nadia A1 - Pischon, Tobias A1 - Schikowski, Tamara A1 - Schipf, Sabine M. A1 - Schulze, Matthias B. A1 - Sedlmeier, Anja A1 - Moreno Velásquez, Ilais A1 - Weber, Katharina S. A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Ahrens, Wolfgang A1 - Gastell, Sylvia A1 - Holleczek, Bernd A1 - Jöckel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Katzke, Verena A1 - Lieb, Wolfgang A1 - Michels, Karin B. A1 - Schmidt, Börge A1 - Teismann, Henning A1 - Becher, Heiko T1 - Birth order, Caesarean section, or daycare attendance in relation to child- and adult-onset type 1 diabetes: results from the German National Cohort JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - (1) Background: Global incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising and nearly half occurred in adults. However, it is unclear if certain early-life childhood T1D risk factors were also associated with adult-onset T1D. This study aimed to assess associations between birth order, delivery mode or daycare attendance and type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk in a population-based cohort and whether these were similar for childhood- and adult-onset T1D (cut-off age 15); (2) Methods: Data were obtained from the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie) baseline assessment. Self-reported diabetes was classified as T1D if: diagnosis age ≤ 40 years and has been receiving insulin treatment since less than one year after diagnosis. Cox regression was applied for T1D risk analysis; (3) Results: Analyses included 101,411 participants (100 childhood- and 271 adult-onset T1D cases). Compared to “only-children”, HRs for second- or later-born individuals were 0.70 (95% CI = 0.50–0.96) and 0.65 (95% CI = 0.45–0.94), respectively, regardless of parental diabetes, migration background, birth year and perinatal factors. In further analyses, higher birth order reduced T1D risk in children and adults born in recent decades. Caesarean section and daycare attendance showed no clear associations with T1D risk; (4) Conclusions: Birth order should be considered in both children and adults’ T1D risk assessment for early detection. KW - perinatal KW - adult-onset KW - late-onset KW - autoimmune KW - delivery mode KW - sex KW - offspring KW - NAKO Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-286216 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 19 IS - 17 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stock, Michael T1 - Untersuchungen zu immunologischen Pathomechanismen bei der Entstehung chronischer Schmerzsyndrome T1 - Investigations on immunological mechanisms in the development of chronic pain syndromes N2 - Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden anhand eines Tiermodells zunächst Hinweise für die pathogene Relevanz von Serumfaktoren für die Entstehung von chronischen Schmerzsyndromen und assoziierten Symptomen gesucht. Es zeigten sich bei Versuchsmäusen nach intraperitonealer Injektion von Serum eines Patienten mit komplexem regionalem Schmerzsyndrom (CRPS) im Vergleich zu Kontrolltieren, denen Serum von gesunden Blutspendern injiziert wurde, Veränderungen des Spezies-spezifischen, explorativen Verhaltensmusters, welche erste Hinweise auf schmerzassoziiertes Verhalten liefern. Aufgrund dieser Befunde und der Hypothese der Präsenz einer humoralen Autoimmunreaktion bei der Entstehung chronischer Schmerzsyndrome wurde die Seroprävalenz für Antikörper gegen eine Vielzahl potentieller Autoantigene bei Patienten mit CRPS oder Fibromyalgiesyndrom im Vergleich zu gesunden Kontrollprobanden mittels immunhistochemischer Färbungen gegen murines Gewebe untersucht, wobei kein für die beschriebenen Schmerzerkrankungen pathognomonischer Autoantikörper identifiziert werden konnte. Die vorliegende Arbeit erfüllte ihren Zweck als Pilotprojekt, indem sie wichtige Daten lieferte, die für weitere Untersuchungen wegweisend sind. Dies bezieht sich im Besondern auf notwendige Änderungen bei den In-vitro-Methoden zur Detektion von Autoantikörpern. Zudem müssen die In-vivo-Experimente unter Einbeziehung sensorischer Verhaltenstests wiederholt und durch Fraktionierung der injizierten Serumproben erweitert werden, um gegebenenfalls Autoantikörper als Pathogene der Erkrankungen identifizieren zu können. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit beschriebenen Erkenntnisse bieten einen Einblick in mögliche pathophysiologische Mechanismen bei der Entstehung von chronischen, idiopathischen Schmerzzuständen und könnten als Basis für neue Überlegungen über den Einsatz immunmodulierender Therapiestrategien bei derartigen Syndromen dienen. N2 - The first aim of this thesis was to give evidence for the pathogenic role of humoral blood serum factors for the development of chronic pain states and associated symptoms by means of an in-vivo passive-transfer model. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with serum of a patient suffering from complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) whereas abnormalities of species-specific explorative behavioural patterns, indicative of pain-related behaviour, were noted compared to control mice which had been injected with serum from healthy blood donors. Following these findings and according to the subsequently established hypothesis of the presence of a humoral autoimmune pathogenesis in chronic pain disorders, the prevalence of serum antibodies against a broad spectrum of potential autoantigens was investigated in patients suffering from CRPS or fibromyalgia syndrome compared to healthy controls using immunohistochemical staining of murine tissue sections whereas no pathognomonic binding pattern specific for the above mentioned diseases was found. The findings given in this thesis can be considered as a pilot project as they provide important data seminal for further investigations, especially considering necessary methodological changes to detect serum autoantibodies. The in-vivo experiments also have to be repeated including specific sensory testing and the fractionation of the injected serum samples in order to identify autoantibodies as the relevant pathogenic components. The above mentioned findings provide insight to potential pathophysiological mechanisms in the development of chronic idiopathic pain states and may serve as a basis for considering immunomodulating therapeutic strategies in such disorders. KW - Fibromyalgie KW - Sudeck-Syndrom KW - Autoantikörper KW - Chronischer Schmerz KW - autoimmun KW - CRPS KW - fibromyalgia KW - Sudeck KW - autoantibodies KW - autoimmune KW - chronic pain KW - CRPS Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-37533 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gómez-Fernández, Paloma A1 - Lopez de Lapuente Portilla, Aitzkoa A1 - Astobiza, Ianire A1 - Mena, Jorge A1 - Urtasun, Andoni A1 - Altmann, Vivian A1 - Matesanz, Fuencisla A1 - Otaegui, David A1 - Urcelay, Elena A1 - Antigüedad, Alfredo A1 - Malhotra, Sunny A1 - Montalban, Xavier A1 - Castillo-Triviño, Tamara A1 - Espino-Paisán, Laura A1 - Aktas, Orhan A1 - Buttmann, Mathias A1 - Chan, Andrew A1 - Fontaine, Bertrand A1 - Gourraud, Pierre-Antoine A1 - Hecker, Michael A1 - Hoffjan, Sabine A1 - Kubisch, Christian A1 - Kümpfel, Tania A1 - Luessi, Felix A1 - Zettl, Uwe K. A1 - Zipp, Frauke A1 - Alloza, Iraide A1 - Comabella, Manuel A1 - Lill, Christina M. A1 - Vandenbroeck, Koen T1 - The rare IL22RA2 signal peptide coding variant rs28385692 decreases secretion of IL-22BP isoform-1, -2 and -3 and is associated with risk for multiple sclerosis JF - Cells N2 - The IL22RA2 locus is associated with risk for multiple sclerosis (MS) but causative variants are yet to be determined. In a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) screen of this locus in a Basque population, rs28385692, a rare coding variant substituting Leu for Pro at position 16 emerged significantly (p = 0.02). This variant is located in the signal peptide (SP) shared by the three secreted protein isoforms produced by IL22RA2 (IL-22 binding protein-1(IL-22BPi1), IL-22BPi2 and IL-22BPi3). Genotyping was extended to a Europe-wide case-control dataset and yielded high significance in the full dataset (p = 3.17 × 10\(^{-4}\)). Importantly, logistic regression analyses conditioning on the main known MS-associated SNP at this locus, rs17066096, revealed that this association was independent from the primary association signal in the full case-control dataset. In silico analysis predicted both disruption of the alpha helix of the H-region of the SP and decreased hydrophobicity of this region, ultimately affecting the SP cleavage site. We tested the effect of the p.Leu16Pro variant on the secretion of IL-22BPi1, IL-22BPi2 and IL-22BPi3 and observed that the Pro16 risk allele significantly lowers secretion levels of each of the isoforms to around 50%–60% in comparison to the Leu16 reference allele. Thus, our study suggests that genetically coded decreased levels of IL-22BP isoforms are associated with augmented risk for MS. KW - IL22RA2 KW - IL-22 binding protein isoform KW - mutation KW - signal peptide KW - multiple sclerosis KW - autoimmune Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200769 SN - 2073-4409 VL - 9 IS - 1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Buchwald, Sina T1 - Autoimmune Enzephalitiden am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg von 2006-2016 T1 - Cases of autoimmune encephalitis at the Universitätsklinikum Würzburg from 2006-2016 N2 - In den Jahren von 2006 bis 2016 sind am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg insgesamt 26 Patienten mit der Diagnose einer Autoimmunen Enzephalitis behandelt worden. Diese Arbeit zeigt ihre Krankheitsverläufe, Outcome, die gefundenen Antikörper und die Therapien der jeweiligen Patienten. Im zweiten Schritt wurden die Daten mit den in der Literatur bereits beschrieben Fällen verglichen, um Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede aufzeigen zu können. N2 - In the time from 2006 to 2016, 26 patients with the diagnosis "autoimmune encephalitis” were treated at the Universitätsklinikum in Würzburg. This paper shows their data, antibody findings, treatments and outcomes. In a second step, this data was compared with cases that have already been described in literature to show similarities and differences. KW - Enzephalitis KW - Autoimmun KW - Encephalitis KW - autoimmune Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-207202 ER -