TY - JOUR A1 - Kolominsky-Rabas, Peter L. A1 - Wiedmann, Silke A1 - Weingärtner, Michael A1 - Liman, Thomas G. A1 - Endres, Matthias A1 - Schwab, Stefan A1 - Buchfelder, Michael A1 - Heuschmann, Peter U. T1 - Time Trends in Incidence of Pathological and Etiological Stroke Subtypes during 16 Years: The Erlangen Stroke Project JF - Neuroepidemiology N2 - Background: Population-based data, which continuously monitors time trends in stroke epidemiology are limited. We investigated the incidence of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes over a 16 year time period. Methods: Data were collected within the Erlangen Stroke Project (ESPro), a prospective, population-based stroke register in Germany covering a total study population of 105,164 inhabitants (2010). Etiology of ischemic stroke was classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. Results: Between January 1995 and December 2010, 3,243 patients with first-ever stroke were documented. The median age was 75 and 55% were females. The total stroke incidence decreased over the 16 year study period in men (Incidence Rate Ratio 1995-1996 vs. 2009-2010 (IRR) 0.78; 95% CI 0.58-0.90) but not in women. Among stroke subtypes, a decrease in ischemic stroke incidence (IRR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57-0.93) and of large artery atherosclerotic stroke (IRR 0.27; 95% CI 0.12-0.59) was found in men and an increase of stroke due to small artery occlusion in women (IRR 2.33; 95% CI 1.39-3.90). Conclusions: Variations in time trends of pathological and etiological stroke subtypes were found between men and women that might be linked to gender differences in the development of major vascular risk factors in the study population. KW - stroke KW - epidemiology KW - incidence KW - time trends KW - register Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-196503 SN - 0251-5350 SN - 1423-0208 N1 - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. VL - 44 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Luger, Sebastian A1 - Hohmann, Carina A1 - Niemann, Daniela A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Gunreben, Ignaz A1 - Neumann-Haefelin, Tobias A1 - Kleinschnitz, Christoph A1 - Steinmetz, Helmuth A1 - Foerch, Christian A1 - Pfeilschifter, Waltraud T1 - Adherence to oral anticoagulant therapy in secondary stroke prevention - impact of the novel oral anticoagulants JF - Patient Preference and Adherence N2 - Background: Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) potently prevents strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) have been the standard of care for long-term OAT for decades, but non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have recently been approved for this indication, and raised many questions, among them their influence on medication adherence. We assessed adherence to VKA and NOAC in secondary stroke prevention. Methods: All patients treated from October 2011 to September 2012 for ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack with a subsequent indication for OAT, at three academic hospitals were entered into a prospective registry, and baseline data and antithrombotic treatment at discharge were recorded. At the 1-year follow-up, we assessed the adherence to different OAT strategies and patients' adherence to their respective OAT. We noted OAT changes, reasons to change treatment, and factors that influence persistence to the prescribed OAT. Results: In patients discharged on OAT, we achieved a fatality corrected response rate of 73.3% (n=209). A total of 92% of these patients received OAT at the 1-year follow-up. We observed good adherence to both VKA and NOAC (VKA, 80.9%; NOAC, 74.8%; P=0.243) with a statistically nonsignificant tendency toward a weaker adherence to dabigatran. Disability at 1-year follow-up was an independent predictor of lower adherence to any OAT after multivariate analysis, whereas the choice of OAT did not have a relevant influence. Conclusion: One-year adherence to OAT after stroke is strong (>90%) and patients who switch therapy most commonly switch toward another OAT. The 1-year adherence rates to VKA and NOAC in secondary stroke prevention do not differ significantly between both therapeutic strategies. KW - transient ischemic attack KW - adherence KW - non-VKA oral anticoagulants KW - vitamin K antagonists KW - prevention KW - stroke KW - atrial fibrillation KW - warfarin KW - guidelines KW - scale Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-144477 VL - 9 ER - TY - THES A1 - Arva, Ana-Lioara T1 - Aktuelle Aspekte der pharmako-mechanischen Rekanalisation von Gefäßverschlüssen bei akutem Hirninfarkt T1 - Actual Aspects of pharmaco-mechanical intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke due to proximal vessel occlusion N2 - Fragestellung Die Prognose eines akuten Hirninfarktes bei Verschluss einer proximalen Hirnarterie ist trotz der intravenösen Thrombolyse mit rtPA ungünstig. Kann die kombinierte pharmaco-mechanische Rekanalisation von proximalen Gefäßverschlüssen bei akutem Hirninfarkt zu einer Verbesserung des klinischen Ergebnisses führen? Methoden Wir analysierten retrospektiv 66 konsekutiv aufgenommene Patienten (36m, 30w; mittleres Alter 61 Jahre (23-86 Jahre), die von 2010 bis 2012 kombiniert pharmako-mechanisch intra-arteriell behandelt wurden. 32 Patienten wiesen einen kombinierten ACI-/M1-Verschluss, 23 einen M1-Verschluss und 11 eine Basilaristhrombose auf. Mittlerer NIHSS lag bei 23. 57 Patienten erhielten eine kombinierte pharmaco-mechanische Therapie, 3 Patienten wurden lediglich pharmakologisch und 6 Patienten rein mechanisch rekanalisiert. Rekanalisierung bei 35 Patienten mit einem Stent-Retriever (32 Patienten mit pREset, 3 Patienten mit SOLITAIRE) erfolgt. Bei 46 Patienten wurde rtPA und bei 32 Patienten Tirofiban als Bridging Verfahren eingesetzt. Eine Stentanlage erfolgte in 28,78% der Fälle. Ergebnisse Die erzielten Rekanalisationsraten lagen bei 89,4% bei einer mittleren Dauer der Intervention von 96 Minuten (53,03% unter 90 Min.). Ein günstiges klinisches Ergebnis nach mRS (mRS 0-2) wurde bei 48% der Patienten erreicht. Die Rate an symptomatischen intrazerebralen Blutungen lag bei 4,55%. Die Mortalität war 19,7%. Die multivariate Regressionsanalyse ergab als modifizierbare Prediktoren für ein günstiges Outcome die Dauer bis zur Rekanalisation und die Gabe von rtPA. Schlussfolgerungen Die kombinierte endovaskuläre pharmako-mechanische Therapie kann die Mortalität und Morbidität von Schlaganfallpatienten mit Verschlüssen einer proximalen Hirnarterie reduzieren. N2 - Background The prognosis of ischemic stroke due to occlusion of proximal intracranial arteries is poor, even with intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis. Can a combined pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis lead to a better Outcome in this patients? Materials and methods We analysed 66 consecutive patients (36m, 30f; mean age 61, range 23 - 86 years), treated with a combined pharmaco-mechanical intra-arterial thrombolysis from 2010 to 2012. 32 patients presented with ICA and MCA tandem occlusions, 23 with occlusion of the main trunk of the MCA, and 11 of the BA. The mean NIH-Stroke-Scale (NIHSS) at admission was 23. 57 patients underwent combined pharmaco-mechanical thrombolisys, 3 patients were only pharmacological and 6 patients only mechanical recanalised. In 35 patients were Stent-Retriever-Systems utilized (32 patients pREset, 3 patients SOLITAIRE). A bridging therapie with rtPA was in 46 patients used and with tirofiban in 32 patients. Stenting were performed as well in 28,78%. Results The Rekanalizationrate was 89,4%. The mean duration of the intervention was 96 minutes (53,03% under 90 minutes). After rehabilitation had 48% of our patient a favorable outcome measured with the mRS (mRS 0-2).The procent of sICH in our patients was 4,55. The Mortality was 19.7%. The modifiable Predictors for a favorable Outcome detected with a multivariate logistic regression analysis were the time to recanalisation and the bridging therapy with rtPA. Conclusion The combined intra-arterial pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis may reduce mortality and morbidity after occlusions of the proximal intracranial arteries in acute stroke patients. KW - Hirninfarkt KW - Schlaganfall KW - stroke KW - Thrombolysis stroke KW - stroke treatment KW - mechanische Thrombektomie KW - endovaskuläre Therapie Hirninfarkt KW - Rekanalisation Hirninfarkt KW - mechanical thrombectomy stroke KW - endovascular recanalization stroke KW - stent retriever stroke KW - Stent Retriever Schlaganfall Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-118417 ER -