TY - JOUR A1 - Grimm, Johannes A1 - Hufnagel, Anita A1 - Wobser, Marion A1 - Borst, Andreas A1 - Haferkamp, Sebastian A1 - Houben, Roland A1 - Meierjohann, Svenja T1 - BRAF inhibition causes resilience of melanoma cell lines by inducing the secretion of FGF1 JF - Oncogenesis N2 - Approximately half of all melanoma patients harbour activating mutations in the serine/threonine kinase BRAF. This is the basis for one of the main treatment strategies for this tumor type, the targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. While the initial responsiveness to these drugs is high, resistance develops after several months, frequently at sites of the previously responding tumor. This indicates that tumor response is incomplete and that a certain tumor fraction survives even in drug-sensitive patients, e.g., in a therapy-induced senescence-like state. Here, we show in several melanoma cell lines that BRAF inhibition induces a secretome with stimulating effect on fibroblasts and naive melanoma cells. Several senescence-associated factors were found to be transcribed and secreted in response to BRAF or MEK inhibition, among them members of the fibroblast growth factor family. We identified the growth factor FGF1 as mediator of resilience towards BRAF inhibition, which limits the pro-apoptotic effects of the drug and activates fibroblasts to secrete HGF. FGF1 regulation was mediated by the PI3K pathway and by FRA1, a direct target gene of the MAPK pathway. When FGFR inhibitors were applied in parallel to BRAF inhibitors, resilience was broken, thus providing a rationale for combined therapeutical application. KW - melanoma KW - senescence KW - BRAF KW - tumor Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-177261 VL - 7 IS - 71 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herrmann, Thomas A1 - Karunakaran, Mohindar M. T1 - Butyrophilins: γδ T cell receptor ligands, immunomodulators and more JF - Frontiers in Immunology N2 - Butyrophilins (BTN) are relatives of the B7 family (e.g., CD80, PD-L1). They fulfill a wide range of functions including immunomodulation and bind to various receptors such as the γδ T cell receptor (γδTCR) and small molecules. One intensively studied molecule is BTN3A1, which binds via its cytoplasmic B30.2 domain, metabolites of isoprenoid synthesis, designated as phosphoantigen (PAg), The enrichment of PAgs in tumors or infected cells is sensed by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, leading to the proliferation and execution of effector functions to remove these cells. This article discusses the contribution of BTNs, the related BTNL molecules and SKINT1 to the development, activation, and homeostasis of γδ T cells and their immunomodulatory potential, which makes them interesting targets for therapeutic intervention. KW - butyrophilin KW - immune therapy KW - T cell receptor KW - γδ T cell KW - BTN3A1 KW - BTN2A1 KW - phosphoantigen KW - tumor Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-265944 SN - 1664-3224 VL - 13 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hilgarth, Markus T1 - Der aktuelle Stellenwert von Doppelkontrastpharyngographie und von Computertomographie bei der Detektion und bei der korrekten Stadienzuordnung von Tumoren des Oropharynx, Hypopharynx und des supraglottischen Larynx T1 - The current value of double contrast pharyngography and of computed tomography in detecting and correct staging of tumors of the oropharynx, hypopharynx and supraglottic larynx N2 - Retrospektive Analyse von Doppelkontrastpharyngographie (DkPh) und CT im Vergleich mit indirekter und direkter Laryngoskopie. Dazu wurden die Untersuchungsergebnisse von 151 Pat. mit Tumoren des Pharynx und des supraglottischen Larynx bezüglich Detektion und korrekter Stadienzuordnung nach dem TNM-System unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des subregionalen Befalls ausgewertet. Die DkPh stellt eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zur indirekten Laryngoskopie zur Tumordetektion dar, die Sensitivität wurde durch Kombination im Vergleich zu den einzelnen Verfahren signifikant verbessert. Zum Staging ist sie kein geeignetes Verfahren. Die CT Detektiert Tumoren zuverlässig. Bei der korrekten Stadienzuordnung liefert sie v.a. bzgl. Tiefeninfiltration wertvolle Zusatzinformationen. Fortgeschrittene Tumorstadien werden daher durch die CT signifikant besser dem korrekten T-Stadium zugeordnet als Tumor in frühen Tumorstadien. Durch Kombination von CT und direkter Laryngoskopie wurde die Sensitivität bzgl. einer korrekten Stadienzuornung im Vergleich zu den Einzelverfahren signifikant verbessert. N2 - The results of double contrast pharyngography (DCP) and CT where retrospectively analized and compared with the results of direct and indirect laryngoscopy. 151 patients with tumor of the oropharynx, hypopharynx and supraglottic larynx where included. DCP was a valuable technique in detecting tumors, espacially in the Hypopharynx. By combination of DCP and indirect laryngoscopy the sensitivity of detecting tumors was significantly improved. DCP was no suitable method in staging tumors. CT can reliable detect tumors of the pharynx and larynx. In correct staging CT staged T3/T4 tumors significantly correcter than T1/T2 tumors. Especially in detecting deep tumor infiltration CT can provide usefull additional information compared with the direct laryngoscopy.By combination the sensitivity in correct staging was significantly improved compared to the two single methods. KW - Tumor KW - Pharynx KW - Doppelkontrastpharyngographie KW - Computertomographie KW - Staging KW - Computed tomography KW - double-contrast pharyngography KW - tumor KW - pharynx Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-6099 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grassinger, Julia Maria A1 - Floren, Andreas A1 - Müller, Tobias A1 - Cerezo-Echevarria, Argiñe A1 - Beitzinger, Christoph A1 - Conrad, David A1 - Törner, Katrin A1 - Staudacher, Marlies A1 - Aupperle-Lellbach, Heike T1 - Digital lesions in dogs: a statistical breed analysis of 2912 cases JF - Veterinary Sciences N2 - Breed predispositions to canine digital neoplasms are well known. However, there is currently no statistical analysis identifying the least affected breeds. To this end, 2912 canine amputated digits submitted from 2014–2019 to the Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG for routine diagnostics were statistically analyzed. The study population consisted of 155 different breeds (most common: 634 Mongrels, 411 Schnauzers, 197 Labrador Retrievers, 93 Golden Retrievers). Non-neoplastic processes were present in 1246 (43%), tumor-like lesions in 138 (5%), and neoplasms in 1528 cases (52%). Benign tumors (n = 335) were characterized by 217 subungual keratoacanthomas, 36 histiocytomas, 35 plasmacytomas, 16 papillomas, 12 melanocytomas, 9 sebaceous gland tumors, 6 lipomas, and 4 bone tumors. Malignant neoplasms (n = 1193) included 758 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 196 malignant melanomas (MM), 76 soft tissue sarcomas, 52 mast cell tumors, 37 non-specified sarcomas, 29 anaplastic neoplasms, 24 carcinomas, 20 bone tumors, and 1 histiocytic sarcoma. Predisposed breeds for SCC included the Schnauzer (log OR = 2.61), Briard (log OR = 1.78), Rottweiler (log OR = 1.54), Poodle (log OR = 1.40), and Dachshund (log OR = 1.30). Jack Russell Terriers (log OR = −2.95) were significantly less affected by SCC than Mongrels. Acral MM were significantly more frequent in Rottweilers (log OR = 1.88) and Labrador Retrievers (log OR = 1.09). In contrast, Dachshunds (log OR = −2.17), Jack Russell Terriers (log OR = −1.88), and Rhodesian Ridgebacks (log OR = −1.88) were rarely affected. This contrasted with the well-known predisposition of Dachshunds and Rhodesian Ridgebacks to oral and cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms. Further studies are needed to explain the underlying reasons for breed predisposition or “resistance” to the development of specific acral tumors and/or other sites. KW - canine KW - subungual KW - toe KW - tumor KW - inflammation KW - breed predisposition Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242690 SN - 2306-7381 VL - 8 IS - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiegering, Verena A1 - Andres, Oliver A1 - Schlegel, Paul G. A1 - Deinlein, Frank A1 - Eyrich, Matthias A1 - Sturm, Alexander T1 - Hyperfibrinolysis and acquired factor XIII deficiency in newly diagnosed pediatric malignancies JF - Haematologica N2 - No abstract available KW - factor XIII deficiency KW - leukemia KW - tumor KW - perioperative bleeding KW - coagulopathy KW - hyperfibrinolysis Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-130569 VL - 98 IS - 8 ER - TY - THES A1 - Laufer, Antje T1 - Kombinierte zytogenetische und morphologische Analyse follikulärer Non-Hodgkin Lymphome : Eine neue rekurrente chromosomale Aberration bei prädominant diffusen follikulären Lymphomen T1 - Combined cytogenetic and morphologic analysis of follicular Non Hodgkin lymphomas. A new rekurrent chromosomal aberration with predominant diffuse follicular lymphomas. N2 - Das follikuläre Lymphom ist eines der häufigsten Non-Hodgkin Lymphome und überwiegend eine Erkrankung des erwachsenen Menschen. In der WHO-Klassifikation ist es als ein Lymphom von Keimzentrumszellen definiert, das follikulär und/oder diffus wachsen kann. Zur Subklassifikation follikulärer Lymphome empfiehlt die WHO-Klassifikation eine Unterscheidung der Grade 1, 2 und 3 durch Auszählen der Zentroblasten pro zehn Gesichtsfelder in starker Vergrößerung. Beim Grad 3A liegen neben Zentroblasten auch Zentrozyten vor. FL Grad 3B bestehen ausschließlich aus Zentroblasten. Hinsichtlich der Zytomorphologie, Immunhistologie und Genetik bestehen deutliche Unterschiede zwischen FL Grad 1, 2 und 3A gegenüber FL Grad 3B. In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die weit überwiegende Zahl der follikulären Lymphome Grad 1, 2 und 3A ein prädominant follikuläres Wachstumsmuster aufwies. Ein follikulärer und diffuser Wuchstyp lag seltener vor. Noch seltener war ein überwiegend bzw. „rein“ diffuses Wachstumsmuster. Die mitotische und proliferative Aktivität stieg mit dem Tumorgrad linear an. Hinsichtlich der CD10 Reaktivität, der BCL-2 und p53 Expression sowie des Nachweises einer sekretorischen Differenzierung ergaben sich beim Vergleich der FL Grad 1 bis 3A keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede. Die BCL-2 Expression nahm allerdings bei den FL1-3A mit zunehmendem Grad ab. In zytogenetischen Untersuchungen wurden in allen follikulären Lymphomen Grad 1 bis 3A primäre bzw. sekundäre Chromosomenaberrationen gefunden. Unter den rekurrenten chromosomalen Alterationen trat die Translokation t(14;18)(q32;q21) am häufigsten auf und war insbesondere bei follikulären Lymphomen Grad 1 und 2, in etwas geringerem Maße auch bei FL Grad 3A anzutreffen. Diese Translokation scheint also in einem frühen Stadium der B-Zell-Entwicklung aufzutreten und führt primär zu einem höher differenzierten (zentrozytenreichen) Lymphom. Die t(14;18) bedingt zumeist eine Überexpression des BCL-2 Gens, die sich auch immunhistochemisch nachweisen lässt und diagnostische Verwendung findet. Das BCL-2 Protein ist daher von Nutzen für die Unterscheidung neoplastischer von reaktiven Follikeln, nicht aber, um follikuläre von anderen „low grade“ B-Zell Lymphomen zu unterscheiden. Die sekundären Alterationen charakterisieren bestimmte undifferenzierte Stadien mit hohem Blastenanteil und einer hohen mitotischen und proliferativen Aktivität. In zytogenetischen Untersuchungen von überwiegend diffus wachsenden FL konnte keine Translokation t(14;18)(q32;q21) nachgewiesen werden. Die identische Morphologie dieser Lymphome und die identischen Veränderungen auch auf genetischer Ebene deuten auf die nahe Verwandtschaft der überwiegend diffus wachsenden FL mit den typischen Keimzentrums-lymphomen hin. Es handelt sich jedoch um eine eigenständige Identität, die differenzierten Keimzentrumslymphome, die wahrscheinlich aufgrund des Fehlens einer t(14;18)(q32;q21) ein primär und ausgeprägt diffuses Wachstumsmuster aufweisen. N2 - The follicular lymphoma is predominant one the most frequent Non Hodgkin of lymphomas and an illness of the adult humans. In the WHO classification it is defined as a lymphoma of germ center cells, which can grow follicular and/or vaguely. To the Subklassifikation of follicular lymphomas the WHO classification recommends a distinction of the degrees of 1, 2 and 3 by counting out the centroblasten per ten visual field in strong enlargement. With the degree of 3A also centrocyten are present beside centroblasten. Flat steel bars degrees of 3B exclusively consist of centroblasten. Regarding the cytomorphology, immunhistology and genetics clear differences between flat steel bar degrees 1, 2 and 3A exist opposite flat steel bar degree 3B. In the available work it could be shown that the number of the follicular lymphomas degrees of 1, 2 and 3A outweighing far predominant folliculars growth sample exhibited. A follicular and diffuse type of stature was present more rarely. Still more rarely a “diffuse growth sample was predominant and/or „pure. The mitotic and proliferative activity rose with the tumor degree linear. Regarding the CD10 reactivity, the BCL-2 and p53 Expression as well as the proof of a secretoric differentiation did not result in the case of the comparison of the flat steel bars degrees of 1 to 3A statistically significant differences. The BCL-2 Expression removed however with the FL1-3A with increasing degree. In cytogenetic investigations in all follicular lymphomas degrees of 1 to 3A primary and/or secondary chromosome aberrations were found. Under the recurrent chromosomalen old person rations the translokation t (14 stepped; 18) (q32; q21) most frequently up and was in particular with follicular lymphomas degree of 1 and 2 to find in somewhat smaller measure also with flat steel bar degree of 3A. This translokation seems to arise thus in an early stage of the B-cell-development and leads primarily to a more highly differentiated (centrocyt) lymphoma. The t (14; ) mostly a overexpression of the BCL-2 of gene, which can be proven also immune-histochemical, causes 18 and diagnostic use finds. The BCL-2 protein is from there of use for the distinction more neoplastic of reactive follicles, not however, in order to differentiated follicular from others „low degrees “B-cell lymphomas. The secondary old person rations characterize certain undifferentiated stages with high blowing portion and a high mitotic and proliferativen activity. In cytogenetic investigations of predominantly vaguely growing flat steel bar no Translokation t (14 could; 18) (q32; q21) to be proven. The identical morphology of these lymphomas and the identical changes also on genetic level point growing flat steel bar with the typical germ center lymphomas to the close relationship that predominantly vaguely. However the differentiated germ center lymphomas, those concern probably due to the absence of a t their own identity, (14; 18) (q32; q21) primarily and minted diffuse growth sample exhibit. KW - Lymphdrüse KW - Krebs KW - Tumor KW - Lymphknoten KW - Hodgkin KW - Lymphdrüse KW - Krebs KW - Tumor KW - Lymphknoten KW - Hodgkin KW - lymphoma KW - cancer KW - Hodgkin KW - tumor KW - lymph node Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-29701 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Otto, Wolfgang A1 - Rubenwolf, Peter C. A1 - Burger, Maximilian A1 - Fritsche, Hans-Martin A1 - Rößler, Wolfgang A1 - May, Matthias A1 - Hartmann, Arndt A1 - Hofstädter, Ferdinand A1 - Wieland, Wolf F. A1 - Denzinger, Stefan T1 - Loss of aquaporin 3 protein expression constitutes an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival: an immunohistochemical study on stage pT1 urothelial bladder cancer JF - BMC Cancer N2 - Background: Treatment of patients with stage pT1 urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) continues to be a challenge due to its unpredictable clinical course. Reliable molecular markers that help to determine appropriate individual treatment are still lacking. Loss of aquaporin (AQP) 3 protein expression has previously been shown in muscle-invasive UBC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of AQP3 protein expression with regard to the prognosis of stage pT1 UBC. Method: AQP 3 protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry in specimens of 87 stage T1 UBC patients, who were diagnosed by transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) and subsequent second resection at a high-volume urological centre between 2002 and 2009. Patients underwent adjuvant instillation therapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Loss of AQP3 protein expression was defined as complete absence of the protein within the whole tumour. Expression status was correlated retrospectively with clinicopathological and follow-up data (median: 31 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to assess the value of AQP3 tumour expression with regard to recurrence-free (RFS), progression-free (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). RFS, PFS and CSS were calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log rank test. Results: 59% of patients were shown to exhibit AQP3-positive tumours, whereas 41% of tumours did not express the marker. Loss of AQP3 protein expression was associated with a statistically significantly worse PFS (20% vs. 72%, p=0.020). This finding was confirmed by multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR 7.58, CI 1.29 - 44.68; p=0.025). Conclusions: Loss of AQP3 protein expression in pT1 UBC appears to play a key role in disease progression and is associated with worse PFS. Considering its potential prognostic value, assessment of AQP3 protein expression could be used to help stratify the behavior of patients with pT1 UBC. KW - urothelial bladder carcinoma KW - progression KW - transitional cell carcinoma KW - bacillus calmette guerin KW - water channels KW - follow up KW - in vitro KW - recurrence KW - growth KW - T1 KW - tumor KW - proliferation KW - stage pT1 KW - aquaporin 3 protein KW - immunohistochemistry Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-135679 VL - 12 IS - 459 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biederer, Jürgen A1 - Mirsadraee, S. A1 - Beer, M. A1 - Molinari, F. A1 - Hintze, C. A1 - Bauman, G. A1 - Both, M. A1 - Van Beek, E. J. R. A1 - Wild, J. A1 - Puderbach, M. T1 - MRI of the lung (3/3)—current applications and future perspectives JF - Insights into Imaging N2 - Background MRI of the lung is recommended in a number of clinical indications. Having a non-radiation alternative is particularly attractive in children and young subjects, or pregnant women. Methods Provided there is sufficient expertise, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be considered as the preferential modality in specific clinical conditions such as cystic fibrosis and acute pulmonary embolism, since additional functional information on respiratory mechanics and regional lung perfusion is provided. In other cases, such as tumours and pneumonia in children, lung MRI may be considered an alternative or adjunct to other modalities with at least similar diagnostic value. Results In interstitial lung disease, the clinical utility of MRI remains to be proven, but it could provide additional information that will be beneficial in research, or at some stage in clinical practice. Customised protocols for chest imaging combine fast breath-hold acquisitions from a “buffet” of sequences. Having introduced details of imaging protocols in previous articles, the aim of this manuscript is to discuss the advantages and limitations of lung MRI in current clinical practice. Conclusion New developments and future perspectives such as motion-compensated imaging with self-navigated sequences or fast Fourier decomposition MRI for non-contrast enhanced ventilation- and perfusion-weighted imaging of the lung are discussed. Main Messages • MRI evolves as a third lung imaging modality, combining morphological and functional information. • It may be considered first choice in cystic fibrosis and pulmonary embolism of young and pregnant patients. • In other cases (tumours, pneumonia in children), it is an alternative or adjunct to X-ray and CT. • In interstitial lung disease, it serves for research, but the clinical value remains to be proven. • New users are advised to make themselves familiar with the particular advantages and limitations. KW - functional imaging KW - magnetic resonance imaging KW - cystic fibrosis KW - pulmonary embolism KW - tumor KW - infiltrate Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-124348 VL - 3 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiegering, V. A1 - Schlegel, P. G. A1 - Winkler, B. A1 - Lazarus, M. A1 - Wirth, C. A1 - Ernestus, K. A1 - Walles, T. A1 - Liese, J. T1 - Persisting Cough as the Single Presenting Symptom of an Intrathoracic Tumor in a Nine-Month-Old Child with Adenovirus Airway Infection JF - Journal of Case Reports and Studies N2 - We report on a nine-month-old girl who presented with persisting cough, and diminished ventilation of the left hemithorax. Viral pneumonia was suspected after Adenovirus detection by PCR, but chest X-rays showed a persistent shadowing of the left hemithorax and persistent coughing despite clinical improvement. Because of the discrepancy between clinical and radiological signs further investigations by ultrasound and CT scan were performed, which visualized an intrathroracic tumor. Histopathology confirmed diagnosis of a teratoma. This case highlights the need for careful evaluation by the treating physicians. If the chest X-ray provides a discrepancy to the clinical findings or persistent pathologies exist, differential diagnosis should be discussed and further diagnostics be performed. KW - tumor KW - children Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-125536 VL - 3 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sagiv, Jitka Y. A1 - Michaeli, Janna A1 - Assi, Simaan A1 - Mishalian, Inbal A1 - Kisos, Hen A1 - Levy, Liran A1 - Damti, Pazzit A1 - Lumbroso, Delphine A1 - Polyansky, Lola A1 - Sionov, Ronit V. A1 - Ariel, Amiram A1 - Hovav, Avi-Hai A1 - Henke, Erik A1 - Fridlender, Zvi G. A1 - Granot, Zvi T1 - Phenotypic diversity and plasticity in circulating neutrophil subpopulations in cancer JF - Cell Reports N2 - Controversy surrounds neutrophil function in cancer because neutrophils were shown to provide both pro-and antitumor functions. We identified a heterogeneous subset of low-density neutrophils (LDNs) that appear transiently in self-resolving inflammation but accumulate continuously with cancer progression. LDNs display impaired neutrophil function and immunosuppressive properties, characteristics that are in stark contrast to those of mature, high-density neutrophils (HDNs). LDNs consist of both immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and mature cells that are derived from HDNs in a TGF-beta-dependent mechanism. Our findings identify three distinct populations of circulating neutrophils and challenge the concept that mature neutrophils have limited plasticity. Furthermore, our findings provide a mechanistic explanation to mitigate the controversy surrounding neutrophil function in cancer. KW - tumorigenic properties KW - innate immunity KW - adenocarcinoma KW - inhibition KW - model KW - suppressor cells KW - tumor KW - TGF-beta KW - mice KW - lung Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-144102 VL - 10 IS - 4 ER -