TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider, Norbert
A1  - Huestegge, Lynn
T1  - Interaction of oculomotor and manual behavior: evidence from simulated driving in an approach–avoidance steering task
JF  - Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
N2  - Background
While the coordination of oculomotor and manual behavior is essential for driving a car, surprisingly little is known about this interaction, especially in situations requiring a quick steering reaction. In the present study, we analyzed oculomotor gaze and manual steering behavior in approach and avoidance tasks. Three task blocks were implemented within a dynamic simulated driving environment requiring the driver either to steer away from/toward a visual stimulus or to switch between both tasks.

Results
Task blocks requiring task switches were associated with higher manual response times and increased error rates. Manual response times did not significantly differ depending on whether drivers had to steer away from vs toward a stimulus, whereas oculomotor response times and gaze pattern variability were increased when drivers had to steer away from a stimulus compared to steering toward a stimulus.

Conclusion
The increased manual response times and error rates in mixed tasks indicate performance costs associated with cognitive flexibility, while the increased oculomotor response times and gaze pattern variability indicate a parsimonious cross-modal action control strategy (avoiding stimulus fixation prior to steering away from it) for the avoidance scenario. Several discrepancies between these results and typical eye–hand interaction patterns in basic laboratory research suggest that the specific goals and complex perceptual affordances associated with driving a vehicle strongly shape cross-modal control of behavior.
KW  - steering
KW  - driving simulation
KW  - gaze control
KW  - visual orientation
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-200419
VL  - 4
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Huestegge, Lynn
A1  - Herbort, Oliver
A1  - Gosch, Nora
A1  - Kunde, Wilfried
A1  - Pieczykolan, Aleks
T1  - Free-choice saccades and their underlying determinants: explorations of high-level voluntary oculomotor control
JF  - Journal of Vision
N2  - Models of eye-movement control distinguish between different control levels, ranging from automatic (bottom-up, stimulus-driven selection) and automatized (based on well-learned routines) to voluntary (top-down, goal-driven selection, e.g., based on instructions). However, one type of voluntary control has yet only been examined in the manual and not in the oculomotor domain, namely free-choice selection among arbitrary targets, that is, targets that are of equal interest from both a bottom-up and top-down processing perspective. Here, we ask which features of targets (identity- or location-related) are used to determine such oculomotor free-choice behavior. In two experiments, participants executed a saccade to one of four peripheral targets in three different choice conditions: unconstrained free choice, constrained free choice based on target identity (color), and constrained free choice based on target location. The analysis of choice frequencies revealed that unconstrained free-choice selection closely resembled constrained choice based on target location. The results suggest that free-choice oculomotor control is mainly guided by spatial (location-based) target characteristics. We explain these results by assuming that participants tend to avoid less parsimonious recoding of target-identity representations into spatial codes, the latter being a necessary prerequisite to configure oculomotor commands.
KW  - Adolescent
KW  - Stimulation
KW  - Adult
KW  - Eye Movements/physiology
KW  - Female
KW  - Humans
KW  - Learning/physiology
KW  - Male
KW  - Oculomotor Muscles/physiology
KW  - Photic
KW  - Choice Behavior/physiology
KW  - Psychomotor Performance/physiology
KW  - Saccades/physiology
KW  - Young Adult
KW  - eye movement
KW  - saccades
KW  - free choice
KW  - top-down processing
KW  - bottom-up processing
KW  - control levels
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201493
VL  - 19
IS  - 3
ER  -