TY - THES A1 - Lengenfelder, Björn Daniel T1 - Einfluss zusätzlicher Glykoprotein IIb/IIIa-Rezeptorblockade auf postinterventionelle Troponin-Freisetzung und Inflammationsantwort bei elektiver perkutaner Koronarintervention am Menschen : die doppelblind-randomisierte prospektive TOPSTAR-Studie T1 - Effect of Additional Temporary Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibition on Troponin Release and Cytokine Response in Elective Percutaneous Coronary Interventions N2 - Das Ziel der TOPSTAR-Studie war es, 1.) die Inzidenz und den zeitlichen Verlauf einer Troponin-Freisetzung bei elektiven Koronarinterventionen unter Vorbehandlung mit Aspirin und Clopidogrel zu untersuchen sowie 2.) den zusätzlichen Einfluss von Tirofiban auf die Freisetzung ischämischer kardialer Parameter zu prüfen und 3.) die Inzidenz und den zeitlichen Verlauf einer Entzündungsreaktion nach elektiver PCI zu analysieren und der Frage nachzugehen, ob eine postinterventionelle Zytokinantwort direkt von einer selektiven Glykoprotein IIb/IIIa-Rezeptorinhibition durch Tirofiban beeinflusst wird oder ob ein derartiger Effekt auf postinterventionelle, durch Troponin-Freisetzung charakterisierte, ischämische Ereignisse zurückzuführen ist. Die TOPSTAR-Studie ist eine monozentrische, doppelblind-randomisierte prospektive Studie, in deren Verlauf bei 109 Patienten mit stabiler Angina pectoris eine perkutane Koronarintervention durchgeführt wurde. Alle Patienten waren mit Aspirin und Clopidogrel vorbehandelt. An die Bolus-Gabe schloss sich eine 18-stündige Infusion des Studienmedikamentes Tirofiban bzw. Placebo (NaCl 0,9%) an. Primärer Endpunkt der Studie war die Inzidenz postinterventioneller Troponin-Freisetzung. Sekundärer kombinierter Endpunkt war die Inzidenz von Tod, Myokardinfarkt oder operativer Revaskularisation des Zielgefäßes. Die Thrombozytenfunktion wurde durch Verabreichung des Glykoprotein IIb/IIIa-Rezeptorantagonisten Tirofiban beginnend vor der Intervention bis 18 Stunden nach PCI um 90% inhibiert. Blutabnahmen wurden vor sowie 30 min, 2h, 6h, 12h, 24h und 48h nach PCI durchgeführt. Innerhalb der ersten 12 Stunden nach PCI wurde eine Troponin-Freisetzung bei 40% der Tirofiban-behandelten Patienten (T) und bei 63% der Placebo-behandelten Patienten (P) gefunden (p<0,05), innerhalb der ersten 24 Stunden bei 48% (T) bzw. 69% (P) (p<0,05) sowie nach 48 Stunden bei 58% (T) bzw. 74% (P) (p<0,08). Signifikant in beiden Gruppen stieg das CRP im Verlauf der ersten 48 Stunden kontinuierlich an. IL-6 erreichte 12 Stunden nach PCI seinen Höchstwert (p<0,01). Bei TNF-alpha wurden die Höchstwerte bereits nach 30 Minuten gemessen. Zwischen Tirofiban- und Placebo-behandelten Patienten konnte bezüglich der Entzündungsantwort kein signifikanter Unterschied festgestellt werden. Jedoch wurde in einer Subgruppenanalyse beim Vergleich Troponin T-positiver versus Troponin T-negativer Patienten ein signifikanter Unterschied bei CRP, TNF-alpha und IL-6 gefunden. IL-1ß zeigte in beiden Gruppen keinen signifikant unterschiedlichen Verlauf. Etwaige größere Blutungen, intrakranielle Blutungen sowie nicht-hämorrhagische Insulte differierten zwischen den Gruppen nicht. Nach 9 Monaten konnte ein reduziertes Auftreten der Inzidenz von Tod, Myokardinfarkt und operativer Revaskularisation des Zielgefäßes in der Tirofiban-Gruppe (2,3%) gegenüber der Placebo-Gruppe (13,0%) beobachtet werden (p<0,05). N2 - The Troponin in Planned PTCA/Stent Implantation With or Without Administration of the Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonist Tirofiban (TOPSTAR) trial investigated: 1) the amount of troponin T (TnT) release after nonacute, elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients pretreated with aspirin and clopidogrel; 2) the effect of additional glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibiton on postinterventional TnT release; and 3) the inflammatory profile after elective, nonacute PCI and whether and how administration of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist tirofiban modulates the postinterventional inflammatory myocardial response. The TOPSTAR trial is a single-center, double-blind, randomized, prospective trial with 109 patients enrolled. All patients had a history of stable angina and were treated by conventional PCI, which was performed as a staged procedure. All patients were pretreated with a loading dose of thienopyridine (clopidogrel, 375 mg) and aspirin (500 mg) at least one day before PCI. After bolus application of the study medication (tirofiban [T] or placebo [P]), PCI was performed followed by an 18 h continuous infusion of T/P. Primary end point of the trial was incidence and amount of postinterventional release of troponin T (TnT), secondary end point was incidence of death, myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization. After bolus application platelet function was reduced to 10% of the baseline level in the tirofiban group within 18 hours after PCI. Blood samples were collected before PCI and 30 min, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after the procedure. A total of 12 h after PCI troponin release was detected in 63% of the patients receiving P and in 40% of the patients receiving T (p < 0.05), after 24 h in 69% (P) and 48% (T) (p < 0.05) and after 48 h in 74% (P) versus 58% (T) (p < 0.08) of the patients. After 24 and 48 hours, the CRP levels of both groups significantly increased, compared with pre-PCI levels (p < 0.01). IL-6 levels of both groups increased significantly compared with pre-PCI levels, with a peak at 12 hours (p < 0.01). After 30 minutes, TNF-alpha levels peaked in both patients given placebo and patients treated with tirofiban. No significant differences in inflammatory response occurred between both groups at any time interval. However, by subgroup analysis, significant differences were revealed in TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP levels of patients who were troponin T-positive versus patients who were troponin T-negative after PCI. No differences were observed regarding major bleeding, intracranial bleeding or nonhemorrhagic strokes. After nine months a reduction of combined death/myocardial infarction/target vessel revascularization could be observed in the tirofiban group ([T] 2.3% vs. [P] 13.0%, p < 0.05). KW - Troponin KW - PCI KW - Glykoprotein IIb/IIIa Rezeptorinhibition KW - stabile Angina pectoris KW - KHK KW - troponin KW - PCI KW - glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition KW - stable angina KW - coronary heart disease Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-21288 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Dan A1 - Hu, Kai A1 - Lau, Kolja A1 - Kiwitz, Tobias A1 - Robitzkat, Katharina A1 - Hammel, Clara A1 - Lengenfelder, Björn Daniel A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Frantz, Stefan A1 - Nordbeck, Peter T1 - Impact of diastolic dysfunction on outcome in heart failure patients with mid-range or reduced ejection fraction JF - ESC Heart Failure N2 - Aims The role of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in prognostic evaluation in heart failure (HF) patients with impaired systolic function remains unclear. We investigated the impact of echocardiography-defined DD on survival in HF patients with mid-range (HFmrEF, EF 41–49%) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, EF < 40%). Methods and results A total of 2018 consecutive hospitalized HF patients were retrospectively included and divided in two groups based on baseline EF: HFmrEF group (n = 951, aged 69 ± 13 years, 74.2% male) and HFrEF group (n = 1067, aged 68 ± 13 years, 76.3% male). Clinical data were collected and analysed. All patients completed ≥1 year clinical follow-up. The primary endpoint was defined as all-cause death (including heart transplantation) and cardiovascular (CV)-related death. All-cause mortality (30.8% vs. 24.9%, P = 0.003) and CV mortality (19.1% vs. 13.5%, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in the HFrEF group than the HFmrEF group during follow-up [median 24 (13–36) months]. All-cause mortality increased in proportion to DD severity (mild, moderate, and severe) in either HFmrEF (17.1%, 25.4%, and 37.0%, P < 0.001) or HFrEF (18.9%, 30.3%, and 39.2%, P < 0.001) patients. The risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.347, P = 0.015] and CV mortality (HR = 1.508, P = 0.007) was significantly higher in HFrEF patients with severe DD compared with non-severe DD after adjustment for identified clinical and echocardiographic covariates. For HFmrEF patients, severe DD was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR = 1.358, P = 0.046) but not with CV mortality (HR = 1.155, P = 0.469). Conclusions Echocardiography-defined severe DD is independently associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients with HFmrEF and HFrEF. KW - heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction KW - heart failure with reduced ejection fraction KW - diastolic dysfunction KW - echocardiography KW - prognosis Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-258894 VL - 8 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Menjia A1 - Liu, Dan A1 - Weidemann, Frank A1 - Lengenfelder, Björn Daniel A1 - Ertl, Georg A1 - Hu, Kai A1 - Frantz, Stefan A1 - Nordbeck, Peter T1 - Echocardiographic risk factors of left ventricular thrombus in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction JF - ESC Heart Failure N2 - Aims This study aimed to identify echocardiographic determinants of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) formation after acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results This case–control study comprised 55 acute anterior MI patients with LVT as cases and 55 acute anterior MI patients without LVT as controls, who were selected from a cohort of consecutive patients with ischemic heart failure in our hospital. The cases and controls were matched for age, sex, and left ventricular ejection fraction. LVT was detected by routine/contrast echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging during the first 3 months following MI. Formation of apical aneurysm after MI was independently associated with LVT formation [72.0% vs. 43.5%, odds ratio (OR) = 5.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.65–15.48, P = 0.005]. Echocardiographic risk factors associated with LVT formation included reduced mitral annular plane systolic excursion (<7 mm, OR = 4.69, 95% CI 1.84–11.95, P = 0.001), moderate–severe diastolic dysfunction (OR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.11–6.57, P = 0.028), and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction [reduced tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion < 17 mm (OR = 5.48, 95% CI 2.12–14.13, P < 0.001), reduced RV fractional area change < 0.35 (OR = 3.32, 95% CI 1.20–9.18, P = 0.021), and enlarged RV mid diameter (per 5 mm increase OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.12–2.34, P = 0.010)]. Reduced tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (<17 mm) significantly associated with increased risk of LVT in anterior MI patients (OR = 3.84, 95% CI 1.37–10.75, P = 0.010), especially in those patients without apical aneurysm (OR = 5.12, 95% CI 1.45–18.08, P = 0.011), independent of body mass index, hypertension, anaemia, mitral annular plane systolic excursion, and moderate–severe diastolic dysfunction. Conclusions Right ventricular dysfunction as determined by reduced TAPSE or RV fractional area change is independently associated with LVT formation in acute anterior MI patients, especially in the setting of MI patients without the formation of an apical aneurysm. This study suggests that besides assessment of left ventricular abnormalities, assessment of concomitant RV dysfunction is of importance on risk stratification of LVT formation in patients with acute anterior MI. KW - myocardial infarction KW - aneurysm KW - left ventricular thrombusv KW - right ventricular dysfunction KW - echocardiography KW - cardiovascular magnetic resonance Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-261067 VL - 8 IS - 6 ER -