TY - JOUR A1 - Hopfenmueller, Sebastian A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf A1 - Holzschuh, Andrea T1 - Trait-Specific Responses of Wild Bee Communities to Landscape Composition, Configuration and Local Factors N2 - Land-use intensification and loss of semi-natural habitats have induced a severe decline of bee diversity in agricultural landscapes. Semi-natural habitats like calcareous grasslands are among the most important bee habitats in central Europe, but they are threatened by decreasing habitat area and quality, and by homogenization of the surrounding landscape affecting both landscape composition and configuration. In this study we tested the importance of habitat area, quality and connectivity as well as landscape composition and configuration on wild bees in calcareous grasslands. We made detailed trait-specific analyses as bees with different traits might differ in their response to the tested factors. Species richness and abundance of wild bees were surveyed on 23 calcareous grassland patches in Southern Germany with independent gradients in local and landscape factors. Total wild bee richness was positively affected by complex landscape configuration, large habitat area and high habitat quality (i.e. steep slopes). Cuckoo bee richness was positively affected by complex landscape configuration and large habitat area whereas habitat specialists were only affected by the local factors habitat area and habitat quality. Small social generalists were positively influenced by habitat area whereas large social generalists (bumblebees) were positively affected by landscape composition (high percentage of semi-natural habitats). Our results emphasize a strong dependence of habitat specialists on local habitat characteristics, whereas cuckoo bees and bumblebees are more likely affected by the surrounding landscape. We conclude that a combination of large high-quality patches and heterogeneous landscapes maintains high bee species richness and communities with diverse trait composition. Such diverse communities might stabilize pollination services provided to crops and wild plants on local and landscape scales. KW - habitats KW - bees KW - grasslands KW - species diversity KW - biodiversity KW - pollination KW - flowers KW - foraging Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-112872 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Breeze, Tom D. A1 - Vaissiere, Bernhard E. A1 - Bommarco, Riccardo A1 - Petanidou, Theodora A1 - Seraphides, Nicos A1 - Kozak, Lajos A1 - Scheper, Jeroen A1 - Biesmeijer, Jacobus C. A1 - Kleijn, David A1 - Gyldenkærne, Steen A1 - Moretti, Marco A1 - Holzschuh, Andrea A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf A1 - Stout, Jane C. A1 - Pärtel, Meelis A1 - Zobel, Martin A1 - Potts, Simon G. T1 - Agricultural Policies Exacerbate Honeybee Pollination Service Supply-Demand Mismatches Across Europe JF - PLOS ONE N2 - Declines in insect pollinators across Europe have raised concerns about the supply of pollination services to agriculture. Simultaneously, EU agricultural and biofuel policies have encouraged substantial growth in the cultivated area of insect pollinated crops across the continent. Using data from 41 European countries, this study demonstrates that the recommended number of honeybees required to provide crop pollination across Europe has risen 4.9 times as fast as honeybee stocks between 2005 and 2010. Consequently, honeybee stocks were insufficient to supply >90% of demands in 22 countries studied. These findings raise concerns about the capacity of many countries to cope with major losses of wild pollinators and highlight numerous critical gaps in current understanding of pollination service supplies and demands, pointing to a pressing need for further research into this issue. KW - economy services KW - fruit set KW - sequential introduction KW - enhance KW - biodiversity KW - abundance KW - declines KW - crops KW - colonies KW - density Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-117692 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 1 ER -