TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schneider, Eberhard
A1  - Dittrich, Marcus
A1  - Böck, Julia
A1  - Nanda, Indrajit
A1  - Müller, Tobias
A1  - Seidmann, Larissa
A1  - Tralau, Tim
A1  - Galetzka, Danuta
A1  - El Hajj, Nady
A1  - Haaf, Thomas
T1  - CpG sites with continuously increasing or decreasing methylation from early to late human fetal brain development
JF  - Gene
N2  - Normal human brain development is dependent on highly dynamic epigenetic processes for spatial and temporal gene regulation. Recent work identified wide-spread changes in DNA methylation during fetal brain development. We profiled CpG methylation in frontal cortex of 27 fetuses from gestational weeks 12-42, using Illumina 450K methylation arrays. Sites showing genome-wide significant correlation with gestational age were compared to a publicly available data set from gestational weeks 3-26. Altogether, we identified 2016 matching developmentally regulated differentially methylated positions (m-dDMPs): 1767 m-dDMPs were hypermethylated and 1149 hypomethylated during fetal development. M-dDMPs are underrepresented in CpG islands and gene promoters, and enriched in gene bodies. They appear to cluster in certain chromosome regions. M-dDMPs are significantly enriched in autism-associated genes and CpGs. Our results promote the idea that reduced methylation dynamics during fetal brain development may predispose to autism. In addition, m-dDMPs are enriched in genes with human-specific brain expression patterns and/or histone modifications. Collectively, we defined a subset of dDMPs exhibiting constant methylation changes from early to late pregnancy. The same epigenetic mechanisms involving methylation changes in cis-regulatory regions may have been adopted for human brain evolution and ontogeny.
KW  - Autism spectrum disorders
KW  - DNA methylation
KW  - Genome
KW  - Autism
KW  - Frontal cortex
KW  - Human prefrontal cortex
KW  - Gene-expression
KW  - Schizophrenia
KW  - Patterns
KW  - Transcription
KW  - Epigenetics
KW  - Environment
KW  - Fetal brain development
KW  - DNA methylation dynamics
KW  - Methylome
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-186936
VL  - 592
IS  - 1
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Du, Kang
A1  - Wuertz, Sven
A1  - Adolfi, Mateus
A1  - Kneitz, Susanne
A1  - Stöck, Matthias
A1  - Oliveira, Marcos
A1  - Nóbrega, Rafael
A1  - Ormanns, Jenny
A1  - Kloas, Werner
A1  - Feron, Romain
A1  - Klopp, Christophe
A1  - Parrinello, Hugues
A1  - Journot, Laurent
A1  - He, Shunping
A1  - Postlethwait, John
A1  - Meyer, Axel
A1  - Guiguen, Yann
A1  - Schartl, Manfred
T1  - The genome of the arapaima (Arapaima gigas) provides insights into gigantism, fast growth and chromosomal sex determination system
JF  - Scientific Reports
N2  - We have sequenced the genome of the largest freshwater fish species of the world, the arapaima. Analysis of gene family dynamics and signatures of positive selection identified genes involved in the specific adaptations and unique features of this iconic species, in particular it’s large size and fast growth. Genome sequences from both sexes combined with RAD-tag analyses from other males and females led to the isolation of male-specific scaffolds and supports an XY sex determination system in arapaima. Whole transcriptome sequencing showed that the product of the gland-like secretory organ on the head surface of males and females may not only provide nutritional fluid for sex-unbiased parental care, but that the organ itself has a more specific function in males, which engage more in parental care.
KW  - Genome
KW  - Genomics
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-201333
VL  - 9
ER  -