TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kessler, Michael
A1  - Hertel, Dietrich
A1  - Jungkunst, Hermann F.
A1  - Kluge, Jürgen
A1  - Abrahamczyk, Stefan
A1  - Bos, Merijn
A1  - Buchori, Damayanti
A1  - Gerold, Gerhard
A1  - Gradstein, S. Robbert
A1  - Köhler, Stefan
A1  - Leuschner, Christoph
A1  - Moser, Gerald
A1  - Pitopang, Ramadhanil
A1  - Saleh, Shahabuddin
A1  - Schulze, Christian H.
A1  - Sporn, Simone G.
A1  - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
A1  - Tjitrosoedirdjo, Sri S.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
T1  - Can Joint Carbon and Biodiversity Management in Tropical Agroforestry Landscapes Be Optimized?
JF  - PLoS One
N2  - Managing ecosystems for carbon storage may also benefit biodiversity conservation, but such a potential 'win-win' scenario has not yet been assessed for tropical agroforestry landscapes. We measured above-and below-ground carbon stocks as well as the species richness of four groups of plants and eight of animals on 14 representative plots in Sulawesi, Indonesia, ranging from natural rainforest to cacao agroforests that have replaced former natural forest. The conversion of natural forests with carbon stocks of 227-362 Mg C ha\(^{-1}\) to agroforests with 82-211 Mg C ha\(^{-1}\) showed no relationships to overall biodiversity but led to a significant loss of forest-related species richness. We conclude that the conservation of the forest-related biodiversity, and to a lesser degree of carbon stocks, mainly depends on the preservation of natural forest habitats. In the three most carbon-rich agroforestry systems, carbon stocks were about 60% of those of natural forest, suggesting that 1.6 ha of optimally managed agroforest can contribute to the conservation of carbon stocks as much as 1 ha of natural forest. However, agroforestry systems had comparatively low biodiversity, and we found no evidence for a tight link between carbon storage and biodiversity. Yet, potential win-win agroforestry management solutions include combining high shade-tree quality which favours biodiversity with cacao-yield adapted shade levels.
KW  - forest soils
KW  - stocks
KW  - diversity
KW  - sequestration
KW  - conversion
KW  - balance
KW  - root
Y1  - 2012
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-132016
VL  - 7
IS  - 10
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhu, Min
A1  - Shabala, Lana
A1  - Cuin, Tracey A
A1  - Huang, Xin
A1  - Zhou, Meixue
A1  - Munns, Rana
A1  - Shabala, Sergey
T1  - Nax loci affect SOS1-like Na\(^{+}\)/H\(^{+}\) exchanger expression and activity in wheat
JF  - Journal of Experimental Botany
N2  - Salinity stress tolerance in durum wheat is strongly associated with a plant’s ability to control Na\(^{+}\) delivery to the shoot. Two loci, termed Nax1 and Nax2, were recently identified as being critical for this process and the sodium transporters HKT1;4 and HKT1;5 were identified as the respective candidate genes. These transporters retrieve Na\(^{+}\) from the xylem, thus limiting the rates of Na\(^{+}\) transport from the root to the shoot. In this work, we show that the Nax loci also affect activity and expression levels of the SOS1-like Na\(^{+}\)/H\(^{+}\) exchanger in both root cortical and stelar tissues. Net Na\(^{+}\) efflux measured in isolated steles from salt-treated plants, using the non-invasive ion flux measuring MIFE technique, decreased in the sequence: Tamaroi (parental line)>Nax1=Nax2>Nax1:Nax2 lines. This efflux was sensitive to amiloride (a known inhibitor of the Na\(^{+}\)/H\(^{+}\) exchanger) and was mirrored by net H\(^{+}\) flux changes. TdSOS1 relative transcript levels were 6–10-fold lower in Nax lines compared with Tamaroi. Thus, it appears that Nax loci confer two highly complementary mechanisms, both of which contribute towards reducing the xylem Na\(^{+}\) content. One enhances the retrieval of Na\(^{+}\) back into the root stele via HKT1;4 or HKT1;5, whilst the other reduces the rate of Na\(^{+}\) loading into the xylem via SOS1. It is suggested that such duality plays an important adaptive role with greater versatility for responding to a changing environment and controlling Na\(^{+}\) delivery to the shoot.
KW  - HKT transporter
KW  - potassium
KW  - salinity stress
KW  - sequestration
KW  - sodium
KW  - xylem loading
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-150236
VL  - 67
IS  - 3
ER  -