TY - JOUR A1 - Sebald, Walter A1 - Arends, Hermann A1 - McCarthy, John E. G. T1 - Isolation and manipulation of genes coding for energy-transducing enzymes from Neurospora crassa and Escherichia coli N2 - No abstract available. KW - Escherichia coli KW - Neurospora crassa Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86768 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Anders, Fritz A1 - Schartl, Manfred A1 - Barnekow, Angelika T1 - Xiphophorus as an in vivo model for studies on oncogenes N2 - The capacity of Xiphophorus to develop neoplasia can be formally assigned to a "tumor gene" (Tu), which appears to be a normal part of the genome of all individuals. The wild fish have evolved population-specific and cell type-specific systems of regulatory genes (R) for Tu that protect the fish from neoplasia. Hybridization of members of different wild populations in the laborstory followed by treatment of the hybrids with carcinogens led to disintegration of the R systems permitting excessive expression of Tu and thus resulting in neoplasia. Certain hybrids developed neoplasia even spontaneously. Observations on the genuine phenotypic effect of the derepressed Tu in the early embryo indicated an essential normal function of this oncogene in cell differentiation, proliferation and cell-cell communication. Tu appeared to be indispensable in the genome but may also be present in accessory copics. Recently, c-src, the cellular homolog of the Rous sarcoma virus oncogene v-src, was detected in Xiphophorus. The protein product of c-src, pp60c-src, was identified and then examined by its associated kinase activity. This pp60c-src was found in all individuals tested, but, depending on the genotype, its kinase activity was different. The genetic characters of c-src, such as linkage relations, dosage relations, expression, etc., correspond to those of Tu. From a systematic study which showed that pp60c-src was present in all metazoa tested ranging from mammals down to sponges, we concluded that c-src has evolved with the multicellular organization of animals. Neoplasia of animals and humans is a characteristic closely related to this evolution. Our data showed that small aquariurn fish, besides being used successfully because they are time-, space-, and money-saving systems for carcinogenicity testing, are also highly suitable for basic studies on neoplasia at the populational, morphological, developmental, cell biological, and molecular levels. KW - Schwertkärpfling KW - In vivo KW - Onkogen Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-86398 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Manfred K. A1 - Schartl, Manfred T1 - Pseudotropheus (Maylandia) hajomaylandi n. sp., a new taxon from Lake Malawi T1 - Pseudotropheus (Maylandia) hajomaylandi n. sp. un nouveau taxon du Lac Malawi N2 - Pseudotropheus hajomaylandi (loc. typ. Isle of Chisumulu, Lake Malawi) is described as a new species. It is compared with Ps. aurora, Ps. greshakei, Ps. livingstonii, Ps. lombardoi, and Ps. zebra. All these taxa, including Ps. hajomaylandi and Ps. heteropictus, are classified in the subgenus Maylandia. KW - Buntbarsche KW - Njassasee Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-70989 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoppe, J. A1 - Sebald, Walter T1 - The proton conducting F0-part of bacterial ATP synthases N2 - No abstract available KW - Biologie Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-82019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anders, F. A1 - Schartl., Manfred A1 - Barnekow, A. A1 - Anders, A. T1 - Xiphophorus as an in vivo model for studies on normal and defective control of oncogenes N2 - The Xiphophorus tumor system has provided the opportunity to reduce the enormous complexity of cancer etiology to a few biological elements basically involved in neoplasia. The development of a tumor requires an oncogene which, after impairment, deletion, or elimination of its regulatory genes is permitted to mediate neoplastic transformation. Emphasis is being placed today in cancer research on the actual oncogenes themselves, but, in our opinion, the most important genes involved in neoplasia are these regulatory genes. However, although detected by c1assical genetics in the Xiphophorus system, th ese genes are not at present open to a more fin ely detailed molecular biological analysis. Their actual mode of action is therefore still far from being understood. KW - Xiphophorus Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-80721 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riehl, R. A1 - Schartl, Manfred A1 - Kollinger, G. T1 - Comparative studies on the ultrastructure of malignant melanoma in fish and human by freeze-etching and transmission electron microscopy N2 - Malignant melanomas (MM) in the fish Xiphophorus and in humans were studied both by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and freeze-etching (FE). In both fish and human melanomas the cells show interdigitations of the,plasma membranes. The nuclei are large and lobulated and have many nuclear pores. Melanosomes are abundant and melanosome complexes ("compound melanosomes") occur regularly. Pinocytotic vesicles could be demonstrated in fish and human melanomas showing iocal differences in frequency and distribution patterns in the tumor. lntercellular junctions are lacking in MM cells from fish and humans. The FE technique showed considerable advantages in demonstrating membrane-surface peculiarities such as nuclear pores or pinocytotic vesicles. The FE replicas of fish melanomas are like those of humans. These findings may support the hypothesis that melanoma in fish and humans reflect the same biological phenomenon. KW - Physiologische Chemie KW - Malignant melanoma KW - Fish KW - Human KW - Freeze-etching KW - Transmission electron microscopy Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61920 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riehl, R. A1 - Schartl, Manfred T1 - A Transmission Electron Microscopical and Freeze-Etch Study of Malignant-Melanoma in Fish N2 - No abstract available KW - Physiologische Chemie Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61916 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schartl, Manfred A1 - Barnekow, A. T1 - Cellular src gene product detected in the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris N2 - No abstract available KW - Physiologische Chemie Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61904 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schartl, Manfred A1 - Barnekow, A. T1 - Differential expression of the cellular src gene during vertebrate development N2 - No abstract available KW - Physiologische Chemie Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-61893 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Velours, J. A1 - Esparza, M. A1 - Hoppe, J. A1 - Sebald, Walter A1 - Guerin, B. T1 - Amino acid sequence of a new mitochondrially synthesized proteolipid of the ATP synthase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae N2 - The purification and the amino acid sequence of a proteolipid translated on ribosomes in yeast mitochondria is reported. This protein, which is a subunit of the A TP synthase, was purified by extraction with chloroform/methanol (2/1) and subsequent chromatography on phosphocellulose and reverse phase h.p.l.c. A mol. wt. of 5500 was estimated by chromatography on Bio-Gel P-30 in 8011/o fonnie acid. The complete amino acid sequence of this protein was determined by automated solid phase Edman degradation of the whole protein and of fragments obtained after cleavage with cyanogen bromide. The sequence analysis indicates a length of 48 amino acid residues. The calculated mol. wt. of 5870 corresponds to the value found by gel chromatography. This polypeptide contains three basic residues and no negatively charged side chain. The three basic residues are clustered at the C terminus. The primary structure of this protein is in full agreement with the predicted amino acid sequence of the putative polypeptide encoded by the mitochondrial aap1 gene recently discovered in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moreover, this protein shows 5011/o homology with the amino acid sequence of a putative polypeptide encoded by an unidentified reading frame also discovered near the mitochondrial ATPase subunit 6 genein Aspergillus nidulans. KW - Biochemie KW - ATP synthase KW - mitochondrially translated KW - proteolipid KW - sequence subunit Y1 - 1984 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-62695 ER -